2

我在使用 Tkinter（ttk 模块）并在后台运行函数并将函数的print( sys.stdout) 消息接收到 GUI 文本小部件时遇到了严重问题self.constext。该函数本身包含执行空间查询的类，大约需要 15 分钟，其间有打印语句来检查计算状态。在编辑这篇文章之前，我确实尝试过线程，实现 ThreadingClient 或 QueueClient 的队列，但启动 GUI 总是导致程序崩溃

所以，这是我到目前为止的代码

    import tkFileDialog
    import tkMessageBox
    import ttk
    import Tkinter
    import Queue
    import os
    import time
    import sys
    import threading
    import multiprocessing
    import gemeindesteckbrief__SupportTools__




   class SystemInfoSupport():

   #def __init__(self, master,factshHW, factshHwGeb,factshHwSch, factshGem,
   factshGeol, factshWLV) :
       def __init__(self,master):
   #Actual Window
    self.sysInf =ttk.Frame (master)
    self.sysInf.grid()
    self.sysInf.grab_set()
    self.incrVal = 0
    #self.__calcFacthw = factshHW
    #self.__calcFacthwGeb = factshHwGeb
    #self.__calcFactHwSch = factshHwSch
    #self.__calcFactGeol = factshGeol
    #self.__calcFactWLV = factshWLV
    #self.__calcFactGem = factshGem

    #print self.__calcFacthwGeb



    self.style= ttk.Style()
    self.style.configure("Head.TLabel",foreground="#20B2AA", background="#E6E6FA", font = "Verdana 12 bold")
    self.headLabel= ttk.Label (self.sysInf,text = "Systeminformation- Kalkulation",style = "Head.TLabel")
    self.headLabel.grid(row=0, column =0, sticky ="NW",pady = 15, padx =20)


    #Process OVerview
    self.mainFrame = ttk.LabelFrame (self.sysInf,width=200,height=100)
    self.mainFrame.grid(row=2, column =0, sticky = "NW", padx = 15, pady = 5)
    self.style.configure("Prog.TLabel", font = "Verdana 10 italic underline")
    self.progLabel= ttk.Label (self.mainFrame,text = "Räumliche Analysen-Fortschritt:", style ="Prog.TLabel")
    self.progLabel.grid (row =2,column =1, sticky = "NW", padx = 10, pady = 2)
    self.progBar= ttk.Progressbar(self.mainFrame,mode='determinate',length = 370, name='progBar1')
    self.progBar.grid(row=3,  column=0, columnspan=4,sticky ="NW", pady=5, padx=10)
    self.style.configure("Scale.TLabel", font = "Verdana 8 bold")
    self.scaleBounds = ttk.Label (self.mainFrame,text = "0 %\t\t\t\t\t    100 %")
    self.scaleBounds.grid (row =4,column =1, sticky = "NW", padx = 5, pady = 1)

    self.textFrame = ttk.LabelFrame (self.mainFrame,width=200,height=100)
    self.textFrame.grid(row=5, column =1, sticky = "NW", padx = 5, pady = 10)
    self.style.configure("Consol.TLabel", font ="Verdana 8 bold")
    self.consLable = ttk.Label (self.textFrame,text = "Log-Console:",style ="Consol.TLabel")
    self.consLable.grid (row =6,column =1, sticky = "NW", padx = 5, pady = 1)
    self.consText= ttk.Tkinter.Text(self.textFrame, wrap = "word")
    self.consText.grid(row =7,column =1, rowspan =4)
    self.consText.tag_configure("stderr", foreground="#b22222")
    self.scrollText= ttk.Scrollbar(self.textFrame,command = self.consText.yview)
    self.scrollText.grid(row =7,column =2,rowspan =4,sticky='NSEW')
    self.consText.config(yscrollcommand = self.scrollText.set)

    self.cancelButton = ttk.Button (self.mainFrame, text ="Abbrechen",command = self.testProgBar)
    self.cancelButton.grid (row =12,column =1)


    sys.stdout = TextRedirector(self.consText, "stdout")
    sys.stderr=  TextRedirector(self.consText, "stderr")


    # Create new threads
    # run function in background using a ThreadingClient
   # self.thread1 = gemeindesteckbrief_SpatialThread.SpatialThread(self.__calcFacthw, self.__calcFacthwGeb)

    #run function in a threading.Thread
    #self.thread1 = threading.Thread(name ="MyThread", target = self.prozessCalculateFactsheets)
    #run function in a threading.Timer
    #self.thread1= threading.Timer(2,self.calculateFactsheets)
    #Start the thread
    #self.thread1.start()

    #self.check_thread()

#Check if thread is still executing or not
def check_thread(self):
# Still alive? Check again in half a second
    if self.thread1.isAlive():
        self.sysInf.after(500,self.check_thread)


# function to test the sys.stdout behaviour and writting to the Tkinter.text widget
def testProgBar (self):
  print "hello my friend"
  sys.stderr.write("hello my error friend\n")
  self.sysInf.grab_release()


# the actual  function needed to be executed in background
def calculateFactsheets (self):
    # Read the directory to the input data of the init_File and add to a new Factsheet spatial calculation
    try:
        print "''''Hello from the Calculation Function ()''''"
        requireData = gemeindesteckbrief__SupportTools__.ToolSet()

        if self.__calcFacthw == 1:
            factsheetHochw = gemeindesteckbrief_SpatialCalculFactshHochw.SpatialAnalysis_FactsheetHochwasser(requireData.readData(13),requireData.readData(10),
                            requireData.readData(20), requireData.readData(21),  requireData.readData(22),  requireData.readData(23),  requireData.readData(24),
                            requireData.readData(25),  requireData.readData(26))

            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseGZPBWV()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseHSG()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseTotal()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseGZPOI()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseGZLOI()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseHSGPOI()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalysePLOITot()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseLandWald()
            factsheetHochw.verkExpertAnalyseLandWaldTotal()

        if self.__calcFacthwGeb == 1:
            print "FACTSHEET HOCHWASSER Gebaeude startet"
            factsheetHochwGeb = gemeindesteckbrief_SpatialCalculFactshHochwGebaeude.SpatialAnalysis_FactsheetHochwGebaeude(requireData.readData(13),requireData.readData(10),
                        requireData.readData(16),requireData.readData(15), requireData.readData(17),requireData.readData(18))
            print "Data correct initialized"
            factsheetHochwGeb.gebaeudeExpAnalyseGZPBWV()
            factsheetHochwGeb.gebaeudeExpAnalyseHSG()
            factsheetHochwGeb.gebaeudeExpAnalyseTotal()

        tkMessageBox.showinfo("Räumlicher-Analyse Erfolgreich","Die Berechnungen wurden erfolgreich abgeschlossen!")

    except:
        tkMessageBox.showerror ("FactsheetHochwasser_Gebaeude FEHLER","Bei der Berechnung ist ein Fehler aufgetreten!\n Für Details öffnen Sie das Error-File in der Programmumgebung")


class TextRedirector(object):
def __init__(self,widget, tag):
    self.targetwidget = widget
    self.targettag = tag

#@Override the sys.stdout & sys.stderr methods to write to the text widget instead of the python console
def write(self, str):
    self.targetwidget.configure(state="normal")
    self.targetwidget.insert("end", str, (self.targettag,))
    self.targetwidget.configure(state="disabled")


   root = ttk.Tkinter.Tk()
   root.title ("SystemINFO-Menü")
   runGUI = SystemInfoSupport (root)
   root.mainloop ()

基本上我需要def calculateFactsheets (self):在后台执行该功能并接收打印或错误控制台消息以将它们写入小部件。

有任何想法吗？？

4

2 回答 2

2

Tkinter 不是线程安全的。如果您尝试将数据插入到文本小部件中，您将得到不可预知的行为（或经常崩溃）。为了让单独的线程将数据发送到小部件，您需要将数据写入线程安全队列，然后让主线程轮询该队列（使用 tkinter 的 after 方法）。

也不能从线程调用 tkMessagebox（崩溃）

看这里

于 2013-07-26T09:21:05.543 回答
0

我有一个类似的问题，我像这样解决了：

class UpdateWindow(Toplevel):
     def __init__(self):
        Toplevel.__init__(self)
        self.create_widgets()
        self.grid()
        self.focus_force()

     def create_widgets(self):
        self.queue = Queue.Queue()
        #...
        self.button= Button(self, text='Auto Update', command=lambda: self.spawnthread(function))
        self.button.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=N)
        #... 

     def spawnthread(self, fcn):
        self.button.config(state="disabled")
        self.thread = ThreadedClient(self.queue, fcn)
        self.thread.start()
        self.periodiccall()

    def periodiccall(self):
        if self.thread.is_alive():
            self.after(100, self.periodiccall)
            self.progressbar.step(500)
        else:
            self.button.config(state="active")
            self.progressbar.stop()


class ThreadedClient(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, queue, fcn):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.queue = queue
        self.fcn = fcn

    def run(self):
        time.sleep(1)
        self.queue.put(self.fcn())

在此示例中，我有一个进度条，但您应该可以毫无问题地将其适应您的代码，主要是通过更改periodiccall.

于 2013-07-26T13:02:40.567 回答