linux - 比较 linux (bash) 中的两个平面文件，将缺少的内容放入第一个文件中？

Question

我目前正在尝试比较 bash 中的两个平面文件。第一个文件将包含由 | 分隔的三列 第二个将有两列由|分隔。我想获取第二个文件中缺少的输入并将其放入第一个文件中。我只关心将文件 2 中缺少的两个列接管到文件 1。

示例文件

文件一：

a|蓝色|3

b|黄色|1

c|绿色|2

文件二：

a|蓝色

b|黄色

c|绿色

d|紫色

输出文件：

a|蓝色|3

b|黄色|1

c|绿色|2

d|紫色

Answer 1

这应该有效：

# Set the input field separator to "|"
awk -F'|' '

# Load the second file into an array called "a". NR==FNR allows us to perform this action
# until first file is complete 
NR==FNR { a[$0]; next }

# We check the existence of first and second column of first file in array. If it is present
# we delete that array element. 1 at the end allows us to print the line from first file as is. 
($1 FS $2 in a) { delete a[$1 FS $2] }1

# This action takes place at the very end. Whatever is left in our array we iterate through
# and print it. This can cause the output to appear in any order hence sort is needed. 
END { for (l in a) print l }' f2 f1

输出：

$ head f*
==> f1 <==
a|blue|3
c|green|2
b|yellow|1

==> f2 <==
a|blue
c|green
b|yellow
d|purple

$ awk -F'|' '
NR==FNR { a[$0]; next }
($1 FS $2 in a) { delete a[$1 FS $2] }1
END { for (l in a) print l }' f2 f1
a|blue|3
c|green|2
b|yellow|1
d|purple