95

我正在用 C# 编写一个应用程序，它打开一个 Excel 模板文件以进行读/写操作。我想当用户关闭应用程序时，excel应用程序进程已经关闭，而不保存excel文件。多次运行应用程序后查看我的任务管理器。

在此处输入图像描述

我使用此代码打开 excel 文件：

public Excel.Application excelApp = new Excel.Application();
public Excel.Workbook excelBook;
excelBook = excelApp.Workbooks.Add(@"C:/pape.xltx");

对于数据访问，我使用以下代码：

Excel.Worksheet excelSheet = (Worksheet)(excelBook.Worksheets[1]);
excelSheet.DisplayRightToLeft = true;
Range rng;
rng = excelSheet.get_Range("C2");
rng.Value2 = txtName.Text;

我在 stackoverflow 中看到类似的问题，例如this question和this，并测试答案，但它不起作用。

4

19 回答 19

102

尝试这个：

excelBook.Close(0); 
excelApp.Quit();

关闭工作簿时，您有三个可选参数：

Workbook.close SaveChanges, filename, routeworkbook

Workbook.Close(false)或者如果您正在进行后期绑定，有时使用零更容易 Workbook.Close(0) 这就是我在自动关闭工作簿时所做的。

我也去查找了它的文档，并在这里找到了它： Excel Workbook Close

于 2013-07-21T23:03:42.227 回答
24 
xlBook.Save();
xlBook.Close(true);
xlApp.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlApp);

试试这个……它对我有用……你应该释放那个 xl 应用程序对象来停止这个过程。

于 2013-11-26T09:23:46.290 回答
15

参考：https ://stackoverflow.com/a/17367570/132599

避免使用双点调用表达式，例如：

var workbook = excel.Workbooks.Open(/*params*/)

...因为通过这种方式，您不仅可以为工作簿创建 RCW 对象，还可以为工作簿创建 RCW 对象，并且您也应该释放它（如果不维护对对象的引用，这是不可能的）。

这为我解决了这个问题。您的代码变为：

public Excel.Application excelApp = new Excel.Application();
public Excel.Workbooks workbooks;
public Excel.Workbook excelBook;
workbooks = excelApp.Workbooks;
excelBook = workbooks.Add(@"C:/pape.xltx");

...

Excel.Sheets sheets = excelBook.Worksheets;
Excel.Worksheet excelSheet = (Worksheet)(sheets[1]);
excelSheet.DisplayRightToLeft = true;
Range rng;
rng = excelSheet.get_Range("C2");
rng.Value2 = txtName.Text;

然后释放所有这些对象：

System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(rng);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excelSheet);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sheets);
excelBook .Save();
excelBook .Close(true);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlBook);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbooks);
excelApp.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlApp);

我将其包装在 atry {} finally {}中以确保即使出现问题（可能会出现什么问题？）也能释放所有内容，例如

public Excel.Application excelApp = null;
public Excel.Workbooks workbooks = null;
...
try
{
    excelApp = new Excel.Application();
    workbooks = excelApp.Workbooks;
    ...
}
finally
{
    ...
    if (workbooks != null) System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbooks);
    excelApp.Quit();
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlApp);
}
于 2015-01-22T02:24:51.203 回答
13

想一想，它会杀死进程：

System.Diagnostics.Process[] process=System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel");
foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process p in process)
{
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(p.ProcessName))
    {
        try
        {
            p.Kill();
        }
        catch { }
    }
}

另外，您是否尝试过正常关闭它？

myWorkbook.SaveAs(@"C:/pape.xltx", missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing);
excelBook.Close(null, null, null);                 // close your workbook
excelApp.Quit();                                   // exit excel application
excel = null;                                      // set to NULL
于 2013-07-21T22:27:40.917 回答
7

杀死 Excel 并不总是那么容易。看到这篇文章：50 种杀死 Excel 的方法

本文采用了 Microsoft（MS 知识库文章）关于如何让 Excel 很好地退出的最佳建议，但如果必要，还可以通过终止进程来确保它。我喜欢有第二个降落伞。

确保关闭所有打开的工作簿，退出应用程序并释放 xlApp 对象。最后检查进程是否还活着，如果是，则杀死它。

本文还确保我们不会终止所有 Excel 进程，而只会终止已启动的确切进程。

另请参阅从窗口句柄获取进程

这是我使用的代码：（每次都有效）

Sub UsingExcel()

    'declare process; will be used later to attach the Excel process
    Dim XLProc As Process

    'call the sub that will do some work with Excel
    'calling Excel in a separate routine will ensure that it is 
    'out of scope when calling GC.Collect
    'this works better especially in debug mode
    DoOfficeWork(XLProc)

    'Do garbage collection to release the COM pointers
    'http://support.microsoft.com/kb/317109
    GC.Collect()
    GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers()

    'I prefer to have two parachutes when dealing with the Excel process
    'this is the last answer if garbage collection were to fail
    If Not XLProc Is Nothing AndAlso Not XLProc.HasExited Then
        XLProc.Kill()
    End If

End Sub

'http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms633522%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
<System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True)> _
    Private Shared Function GetWindowThreadProcessId(ByVal hWnd As IntPtr, _
    ByRef lpdwProcessId As Integer) As Integer
End Function

Private Sub ExcelWork(ByRef XLProc As Process)

    'start the application using late binding
    Dim xlApp As Object = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

    'or use early binding
    'Dim xlApp As Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

    'get the window handle
    Dim xlHWND As Integer = xlApp.hwnd

    'this will have the process ID after call to GetWindowThreadProcessId
    Dim ProcIdXL As Integer = 0

    'get the process ID
    GetWindowThreadProcessId(xlHWND, ProcIdXL)

    'get the process
    XLProc = Process.GetProcessById(ProcIdXL)


    'do some work with Excel here using xlApp

    'be sure to save and close all workbooks when done

    'release all objects used (except xlApp) using NAR(x)


    'Quit Excel 
    xlApp.quit()

    'Release
    NAR(xlApp)

End Sub

Private Sub NAR(ByVal o As Object)
    'http://support.microsoft.com/kb/317109
    Try
        While (System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(o) > 0)
        End While
    Catch
    Finally
        o = Nothing
    End Try
End Sub
于 2013-07-23T03:53:46.543 回答
3

我遇到了同样的问题并尝试了很多方法来解决它，但没有奏效。最后，我顺便找到了。一些参考在此处输入链接描述

希望我的代码可以帮助未来的人。我已经花了两天多的时间来解决它。以下是我的代码： 

//get current in useing excel
            Process[] excelProcsOld = Process.GetProcessesByName("EXCEL");
            Excel.Application myExcelApp = null;
            Excel.Workbooks excelWorkbookTemplate = null;
            Excel.Workbook excelWorkbook = null;
try{
    //DO sth using myExcelApp , excelWorkbookTemplate, excelWorkbook
}
catch (Exception ex ){
}
finally
            {
                //Compare the EXCEL ID and Kill it 
                Process[] excelProcsNew = Process.GetProcessesByName("EXCEL");
                foreach (Process procNew in excelProcsNew)
                {
                    int exist = 0;
                    foreach (Process procOld in excelProcsOld)
                    {
                        if (procNew.Id == procOld.Id)
                        {
                            exist++;
                        }
                    }
                    if (exist == 0)
                    {
                        procNew.Kill();
                    }        
                }
            }
于 2017-03-16T09:42:14.323 回答
2

我发现Marshal.ReleaseComObject在While循环内完成并完成Garbage Collection很重要。

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Excel.Application xApp = new Excel.Application();
    Excel.Workbooks xWbs = xApp.Workbooks;
    Excel.Workbook xWb = xWbs.Open("file.xlsx");

    Console.WriteLine(xWb.Sheets.Count);

    xWb.Close();
    xApp.Quit();

    while (Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xWb) != 0);
    while (Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xWbs) != 0);
    while (Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xApp) != 0);

    GC.Collect();
    GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
}
于 2020-06-29T18:25:24.670 回答
1 
excelBook.Close();
excelApp.Quit();

添加代码的结尾，它可能就足够了。它正在处理我的代码

于 2013-07-21T22:37:12.873 回答
1

关闭所有excel进程的正确方法

var _excel = new Application();
foreach (Workbook _workbook in _excel.Workbooks) {
    _workbook.Close(0);
}

_excel.Quit();
_excel = null;

使用流程示例，这可能会关闭所有的 Excel 流程。

var process = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel");
foreach (var p in process) {
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(p.ProcessName)) {
        try {
            p.Kill();
        } catch { }
    }
}
于 2016-05-17T10:47:01.533 回答
1

您可以使用自己的COM对象 excel pid 终止进程

在 dll 导入代码下方添加某处

[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hwnd, ref int lpdwProcessId);

并使用

 if (excelApp != null)
            {
                int excelProcessId = -1;
                GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(excelApp.Hwnd), ref excelProcessId);

                Process ExcelProc = Process.GetProcessById(excelProcessId);
                if (ExcelProc != null)
                {
                    ExcelProc.Kill();
                }
            }
于 2018-01-17T19:14:22.393 回答
0 
         wb.Close();
         app.Quit();

         System.Diagnostics.Process[] process = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel");
         foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process p in process)
         {
             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(p.ProcessName) && p.StartTime.AddSeconds(+10) > DateTime.Now)
             {
                 try
                 {
                     p.Kill();
                 }
                 catch { }
             }
         }

它关闭名称为“Excel”的最后 10 秒进程

于 2015-05-27T08:05:51.797 回答
0

基于另一种解决方案。我用过这个：

IntPtr xAsIntPtr = new IntPtr(excelObj.Application.Hwnd);
excelObj.ActiveWorkbook.Close();

System.Diagnostics.Process[] process = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel");
                foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process p in process)
                {
                    if (p.MainWindowHandle == xAsIntPtr)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            p.Kill();
                        }
                        catch { }
                    }
                }

使用“MainWindowHandle”来识别进程并关闭他。

excelObj：这是我的 Application Interop excel objecto

于 2017-05-16T22:51:06.290 回答
0

此问题的另一个解决方案是保存您正在使用的 Excel 程序的 ProcessID。然后，当您完成该程序时，您可以专门终止该 Excel 进程，而无需针对其他 Excel 进程。

我从这个答案中得到了解决方案。以为我会在这里分享

因此，首先，您将这些代码行添加到类方法之外

// The DllImport requires -- Using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hwnd, ref int lpdwProcessId);

在那之后，

现在在您选择的方法中，添加这些行。这些行丢弃了您正在使用的特定 excel 过程

根据您的需要修改它们，但逻辑是相同的

        if (ExcelApp != null)
        {
            int excelProcessId = 0;

            //your Excel Application variable has access to its Hwnd property
            GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(ExcelApp.Hwnd), ref excelProcessId);

            // you need System.Diagnostics to use Process Class
            Process ExcelProc = Process.GetProcessById(excelProcessId);

            if (ExcelProc != null)
            {
                ExcelProc.Kill();
            }
        }

因此，总的来说，您的程序应该是这样的

class Program
{
    [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hwnd, ref int lpdwProcessId);

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Application ExcelApp = new Application();

        _Workbook ExcelWrkBook = ExcelApp.Workbooks.Open(filePath);

        _Worksheet ExcelWrkSht = ExcelWrkBook.ActiveSheet;

        ExcelWrkSht.Cells[1, 2] = "70";

        if (ExcelApp != null)
        {
            int excelProcessId = 0; // simple declare, zero is merely a place holder

            GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(ExcelApp.Hwnd), ref excelProcessId);

            Process ExcelProc = Process.GetProcessById(excelProcessId);

            if (ExcelProc != null)
            {
                ExcelProc.Kill();
            }
        }

    }
}

我已经对此进行了测试，它会删除我的 Excel 进程，如任务管理器中所示

于 2021-05-19T00:36:31.807 回答
0

为每个 Excel 对象使用一个变量，并且必须循环Marshal.ReleaseComObject >0。如果没有循环，Excel 进程仍然保持活动状态。

public class test{
        private dynamic ExcelObject;
        protected dynamic ExcelBook;
        protected dynamic ExcelBooks;
        protected dynamic ExcelSheet;

public void LoadExcel(string FileName)
        {
            Type t = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
            if (t == null) throw new Exception("Excel non installato");
            ExcelObject = System.Activator.CreateInstance(t);
            ExcelObject.Visible = false;
            ExcelObject.DisplayAlerts = false;
            ExcelObject.AskToUpdateLinks = false;
            ExcelBooks = ExcelObject.Workbooks;
            ExcelBook = ExcelBooks.Open(FileName,0,true);
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("Excel.Application");
            ExcelSheet = ExcelBook.Sheets[1];
        }
 private void ReleaseObj(object obj)
        {
            try
            {
                int i = 0;
             while(   System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj) > 0)
                {
                    i++;
                    if (i > 1000) break;
                }
                obj = null;
            }
            catch 
            {
                obj = null;
            }
            finally
            {
                GC.Collect();
            }
        }
        public void ChiudiExcel() {
            System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = ci;

            ReleaseObj(ExcelSheet);
            try { ExcelBook.Close(); } catch { }
            try { ExcelBooks.Close(); } catch { }
            ReleaseObj(ExcelBooks);
            try { ExcelObject.Quit(); } catch { }
            ReleaseObj(ExcelObject);
        }
}
于 2018-08-02T08:48:35.527 回答
0

大多数方法都有效，但 excel 过程始终保留到关闭应用程序。

当杀死 excel 进程时，它不能在同一个线程中再次执行 - 不知道为什么。

于 2018-09-30T09:58:48.203 回答
0

我们可以使用以下代码在将 xls 转换为 xlsx 时关闭 Excel 应用程序。当我们执行这种任务时，Excel应用程序正在任务管理器中运行，我们应该关闭这个在后台运行的excel。Interop 是一个 Com 组件，要释放我们使用 Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject 的 com 组件。

 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {

        Excel03to07("D:\\TestExls\\TestExcelApp.XLS");

    }
    private void Excel03to07(string fileName)
    {
        string svfileName = Path.ChangeExtension(fileName, ".xlsx");
        object oMissing = Type.Missing;
        var app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
        var wb = app.Workbooks.Open(fileName, oMissing, oMissing,
                        oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing, oMissing);
        wb.SaveAs(svfileName, XlFileFormat.xlOpenXMLWorkbook, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

        wb.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
        app.Quit();
        GC.Collect();
        Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(wb);
        Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(app);
   }
于 2018-08-18T03:28:13.363 回答
0 
workbook.Close(0);
excelApp.Quit();

为我工作。

于 2020-12-25T05:57:48.680 回答
-1 
        GetWindowThreadProcessId((IntPtr)app.Hwnd, out iProcessId);
        wb.Close(true,Missing.Value,Missing.Value);
        app.Quit();
        System.Diagnostics.Process[] process = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel");
        foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process p in process)
        {
            if (p.Id == iProcessId)
            {
                try
                {
                    p.Kill();
                }
                catch { }
            }
        }
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]

private static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out uint lpdwProcessId);

uint iProcessId = 0;

此 GetWindowThreadProcessId 找到正确的进程 ID o excel .... 杀死它之后.... 享受它！

于 2015-06-16T13:37:15.603 回答
-1 
private void releaseObject(object obj)
{
    try
    {
        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj);
        obj = null;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        obj = null;
        MessageBox.Show("Unable to release the Object " + ex.ToString());
    }
    finally
    {
        GC.Collect();
    }
}
于 2020-02-03T19:34:35.043 回答