祝你今天过得愉快!
在带有 Debian 7.1 的小型 VM 上的 Windows Azure 上,我安装了 MySQL 5.5.31 和 PostgreSQL 9.2.4。插入和选择查询将通过 pdo 从 php 进行。
创建表:
MySQL:
CREATE TABLE `test` (
`id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`fdate` datetime NOT NULL,
`ftext` varchar(1000) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `ix_date` (`fdate`),
KEY `ix_text` (`ftext`(255))
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci
PgSQL:
CREATE TABLE test
(
fdate timestamp without time zone,
ftext character varying(1000),
id bigserial NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT test_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
WITH (
OIDS=FALSE
);
ALTER TABLE test
OWNER TO postgres;
CREATE INDEX ix_date
ON test
USING btree
(fdate);
CREATE INDEX ix_text
ON test
USING btree
(ftext COLLATE pg_catalog."default");
在表格中进行插入。
数据是这样的:
152 2013-07-25 00:01:47 51e811712cfd6
100151 2013-07-25 00:28:25 51e825bfea275
101151 2013-07-25 00:29:26 51e825fcc5d94
153 2013-07-25 01:01:47 51e8117134c14
100152 2013-07-25 01:28:25 51e825bff1eb7
101152 2013-07-25 01:29:26 51e825fccd9e7
154 2013-07-25 02:01:47 51e811713d80d
100153 2013-07-25 02:28:25 51e825c0077c7
101153 2013-07-25 02:29:26 51e825fcd561a
155 2013-07-25 03:01:47 51e811716ffb2
100154 2013-07-25 03:28:25 51e825c013225
101154 2013-07-25 03:29:26 51e825fcdd243
156 2013-07-25 04:01:47 51e8117179af0
100155 2013-07-25 04:28:25 51e825c01cd74
101155 2013-07-25 04:29:26 51e825fce3f1c
在每个表中插入 102 000 行。
平均插入时间:
MySQL: 0.0328167504 сек.
PgSQL: 0.0183281872 сек.
- PgSQL is ~twice faster.
然后我选择:
select * from test
where `fdate` > "2013-07-25" and `fdate` < "2013-08-21"
order by `fdate`
(在 FOR 循环 (1000) 中进行选择,然后计算平均时间。)
MySQL: 0.0004650463 сек., 1944 rows
PgSQL: 0.0139540959 сек., 1944 rows
- PgSQL by 30! times more slowly.
为什么?
PgSQL 解释(分析,缓冲区):
"Index Scan using ix_date on test (cost=0.00..36.86 rows=780 width=30) (actual time=0.018..4.672 rows=1944 loops=1)"
" Index Cond: ((fdate > '2013-07-25 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone) AND (fdate < '2013-08-21 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone))"
" Buffers: shared hit=1954"
"Total runtime: 7.594 ms"
MySQL 解释:
1 SIMPLE test range ix_date ix_date 8 1942 Using where
分析 VERBOSE 测试(PgSQL):
INFO: analyzing "public.test"
INFO: "test": scanned 750 of 750 pages, containing 102000 live rows and 0 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 102000 estimated total rows