78

如何将字符串"+"转换为运算符 plus?

4

8 回答 8

128

使用查找表:

import operator
ops = { "+": operator.add, "-": operator.sub } # etc.

print(ops["+"](1,1)) # prints 2 
于 2009-11-16T08:09:15.493 回答
34
import operator

ops = {
    '+' : operator.add,
    '-' : operator.sub,
    '*' : operator.mul,
    '/' : operator.truediv,  # use operator.div for Python 2
    '%' : operator.mod,
    '^' : operator.xor,
}

def eval_binary_expr(op1, oper, op2):
    op1, op2 = int(op1), int(op2)
    return ops[oper](op1, op2)

print(eval_binary_expr(*("1 + 3".split())))
print(eval_binary_expr(*("1 * 3".split())))
print(eval_binary_expr(*("1 % 3".split())))
print(eval_binary_expr(*("1 ^ 3".split())))
于 2009-11-16T08:09:34.280 回答
11

您可以尝试使用 eval(),但如果字符串不是来自您,则很危险。否则,您可能会考虑创建字典:

ops = {"+": (lambda x,y: x+y), "-": (lambda x,y: x-y)}

等等......然后打电话

ops['+'] (1,2)
或者,对于用户输入:

if ops.haskey(userop):
    val = ops[userop](userx,usery)
else:
    pass #something about wrong operator
于 2009-11-16T08:09:16.967 回答
9

如何使用查找字典,但使用 lambdas 而不是运算符库。

op = {'+': lambda x, y: x + y,
      '-': lambda x, y: x - y}

然后你可以这样做:

print(op['+'](1,2))

它会输出:

3
于 2019-10-25T00:16:39.493 回答
5

每个算子都有对应的魔术方法

OPERATORS = {'+': 'add', '-': 'sub', '*': 'mul', '/': 'div'}

def apply_operator(a, op, b):

    method = '__%s__' % OPERATORS[op]
    return getattr(b, method)(a)

apply_operator(1, '+', 2)
于 2016-06-29T09:29:48.600 回答
1

在安全的情况下使用eval()(不在服务器等):

num_1 = 5

num_2 = 10

op = ['+', '-', '*']

result = eval(f'{num_1} {op[0]} {num_2}')

print(result)

输出:15

于 2021-06-25T10:48:15.940 回答
0

我了解您想要执行以下操作: 5"+"7 其中所有 3 件事都将由变量传递,例如:

import operator

#define operators you wanna use
allowed_operators={
    "+": operator.add,
    "-": operator.sub,
    "*": operator.mul,
    "/": operator.truediv}

#sample variables
a=5
b=7
string_operator="+"

#sample calculation => a+b
result=allowed_operators[string_operator](a,b)
print(result)
于 2018-10-20T13:28:53.543 回答
0

我遇到了同样的问题,使用 Jupyter Notebook,我无法导入操作员模块。所以上面的代码帮助我了解了但无法在平台上运行。我想出了一种使用所有基本功能的有点原始的方法,它是这样的:(这可能会被大量改进,但它是一个开始......)

# Define Calculator and fill with input variables
# This example "will not" run if aplha character is use for num1/num2 
def calculate_me():
    num1 = input("1st number: ")
    oper = input("* OR / OR + OR - : ")
    num2 = input("2nd number: ")

    add2 = int(num1) + int(num2)
    mult2 = int(num1) * int(num2)
    divd2 = int(num1) / int(num2)
    sub2 = int(num1) - int(num2)

# Comparare operator strings 
# If input is correct, evaluate operand variables based on operator
    if num1.isdigit() and num2.isdigit():
        if oper is not "*" or "/" or "+" or "-":
            print("No strings or ints for the operator")
        else:
            pass
        if oper is "*":
            print(mult2)
        elif oper is "/":
            print(divd2)
        elif oper is "+":
            print(add2)
        elif oper is "-":
            print(sub2)
        else:
            return print("Try again")

# Call the function
calculate_me()
print()
calculate_me()
print()
于 2019-04-11T13:50:36.537 回答