5

我有一个 WPF 应用程序,它可能会或可能不会使用命令行参数启动。我曾经在 App.xaml 代码隐藏的方法中拥有我的组合根OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e),但这会导致应用程序关闭问题,所以我将 App.xaml 变成了“页面”(而不是“应用程序定义”)并编写了我自己的Program类包含我自己的应用程序入口点,这将成为我的新组合根位置。

自那次更改以来,我一直无法启动应用程序,Ninject 似乎无法解析应用程序的主要对象(或者它可能是它的依赖项之一?)。

这个异常让我浪费了很多时间,而且堆栈跟踪都是 Ninject 内部的,我不知道要在我的代码中修复什么,我绑定现在导致此异常的类型的方式最近没有改变:

at DynamicInjector54d92ac63a2e47fda5ffbcc19b9942a9(Object[] )
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.Create(IContext context)
at Ninject.Activation.Context.Resolve()
at Ninject.KernelBase.<>c__DisplayClass10.<Resolve>b__c(IBinding binding)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Enumerable.SingleOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.GetValue(Type service, IContext parent)
at Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.ResolveWithin(IContext parent)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.GetValue(IContext context, ITarget target)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.<>c__DisplayClass4.<Create>b__2(ITarget target)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Buffer`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 source)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.Create(IContext context)
at Ninject.Activation.Context.Resolve()
at Ninject.KernelBase.<>c__DisplayClass10.<Resolve>b__c(IBinding binding)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Enumerable.SingleOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.GetValue(Type service, IContext parent)
at Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.ResolveWithin(IContext parent)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.GetValue(IContext context, ITarget target)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.<>c__DisplayClass4.<Create>b__2(ITarget target)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Buffer`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 source)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.Create(IContext context)
at Ninject.Activation.Context.Resolve()
at Ninject.KernelBase.<>c__DisplayClass10.<Resolve>b__c(IBinding binding)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Enumerable.SingleOrDefault[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.GetValue(Type service, IContext parent)
at Ninject.Planning.Targets.Target`1.ResolveWithin(IContext parent)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.GetValue(IContext context, ITarget target)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.<>c__DisplayClass4.<Create>b__2(ITarget target)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectArrayIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Buffer`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 source)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.Activation.Providers.StandardProvider.Create(IContext context)
at Ninject.Activation.Context.Resolve()
at Ninject.KernelBase.<>c__DisplayClass10.<Resolve>b__c(IBinding binding)
at System.Linq.Enumerable.WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Enumerable.<CastIterator>d__b1`1.MoveNext()
at System.Linq.Enumerable.Single[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
at Ninject.ResolutionExtensions.Get[T](IResolutionRoot root, IParameter[] parameters)
at MyProgram.Program.Main(String[] args) in C:\Dev\MyProject\MyProject.WinPresentation\Program.cs:ligne 40
at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(RuntimeAssembly assembly, String[] args)
at System.AppDomain.ExecuteAssembly(String assemblyFile, Evidence assemblySecurity, String[] args)
at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly()
at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart_Context(Object state)
at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()

这是Main方法/应用程序入口点:

[STAThread]
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var module = new MyAppNinjectModule(args);
    var kernel = new StandardKernel(module);

    var argsHelper = module.CommandLineArgs;

    var logProvider = kernel.Get<ILogProvider>();
    var logger = logProvider.GetLogger(typeof(Program).Name);

    if (argsHelper.LoggingDisabledArgument.IsSpecified()) logProvider.DisableLogging();
    logger.Info(log.LogAppStart);

    var installer = kernel.Get<IInstaller>(); // >>> InvalidCastException here

    if (argsHelper.QuietInterfaceArgument.IsSpecified())
    {
        // running with -quiet command-line switch: just execute and exit.
        installer.Execute();
    }
    else
    {
        // instantiate a new App object (WPF), and run it.
        // installer.Execute() may or may not be executed, depending on user actions.
        var app = new App(installer);
        app.Run();
    }
}

NinjectModule 绑定IInstaller到这样或这样的实现,这取决于提供的命令行参数(例如,SilentInstaller何时QuietInterfaceArgument指定,ManualInstaller何时不指定等)。

通常 Ninject 会给出非常有用和详细的异常消息——当它的ActivationException生活是美好的时候。但这InvalidCastException让我一无所知,我不是执行无效演员阵容的人,我什至不知道所涉及的类型。我只知道我可能编写了一些 Ninject 不喜欢的代码,这可能与我绑定IInstaller到它的实现的方式有关,但是如果我注释掉 NinjectModule 的“分支”部分强制绑定ManualInstaller我所追求的特定实现(),它仍然失败InvalidCastException

实现的构造函数:

public ManualInstaller(IView<MainWindowViewModel> view, 
                       IProcessHelper processHelper,
                       ISettingsHelper settingsHelper,
                       ILogProvider logProvider,
                       ISetupBootstrapper installer,
                       bool notifySuccess)
    : base(notifySuccess, processHelper, settingsHelper, logProvider, installer)

相应的绑定代码(其余依赖项已绑定,ActivationException因此不确定这与我的问题有多大相关性):

var msg = string.Empty;
if (CommandLineArgs.CompletionMessageArgument.IsSpecified()) 
    msg = CommandLineArgs.CompletionMessageArgument.ParameterValue();

Bind<MainWindowViewModel>().ToSelf().WithConstructorArgument("completionMessage", msg);
Bind<IView<MainWindowViewModel>>().To<MainWindow>();

Bind<IInstaller>().To<ManualInstaller>()
                  .WithConstructorArgument("notifySuccess", notifySuccess);

不要犹豫,让我知道是否需要其他任何事情来了解发生了什么......

编辑

单独解决安装程序的依赖关系会产生更多信息:

// resolve installer dependencies:
var view = kernel.Get<IView<MainWindowViewModel>>(); // >>> InvalidCastException here
var processHelper = kernel.Get<IProcessHelper>();
var settingsHelper = kernel.Get<ISettingsHelper>();
var bootstrapper = kernel.Get<ISetupBootstrapper>();
var installer = new ManualInstaller(view, processHelper, settingsHelper, logProvider, bootstrapper, true);

因此,我至少可以将其缩小到我要解决的类型的一个特定依赖项:问题出在 View 或其唯一依赖项 ViewModel 上。所以我这样做了:

// resolve ViewModel dependencies:
var processHelper = kernel.Get<IProcessHelper>(); // >>> InvalidCastException here
var settingsHelper = kernel.Get<ISettingsHelper>();
var messenger = kernel.Get<INetworkMessenger>();
var factory = kernel.Get<IBuildServerFactory>();
var dialogs = kernel.Get<ICommonDialogs>();

很明显,IProcessHelper 实现有问题 - 再次:

// resolve ProcessHelper dependencies:
var processWrapper = kernel.Get<IProcessWrapper>();
var wmiWrapper = kernel.Get<IWindowsManagementInstrumentationWrapper>();
var helper = new ProcessHelper(processWrapper, wmiWrapper, logProvider, 300);

现在我不再得到InvalidCastException.

这是有问题的类的构造函数和字段:

private readonly ILogProvider _logProvider;
private readonly IProcessWrapper _process;
private readonly IWindowsManagementInstrumentationWrapper _wmi;
public int TimeoutSeconds { get; private set; }

public ProcessHelper(IProcessWrapper process, 
                     IWindowsManagementInstrumentationWrapper wmiWrapper, 
                     ILogProvider logProvider, 
                     int timeout)
{
    _logProvider = logProvider;
    _process = process;
    _wmi = wmiWrapper;
    TimeoutSeconds = timeout;
}

以及 NinjectModule 如何绑定它:

Bind<IProcessHelper>().To<ProcessHelper>()
                      .WithConstructorArgument("timeout", Properties.Settings.Default.ProcessTimeoutSeconds);

** 重新编辑 **

在@jure 评论的帮助下,我发现 in 的类型ProcessTimeoutSeconds实际上Properties.Settings.Default设置为string- 当显然它想要一个int. 砰!

4

1 回答 1

6

当您将常量值传递给WithConstructorArguments设置时,您需要确保对象的类型对于实现类构造函数参数有效。

正如您后来发现的那样,您string在设置中将 object 作为构造函数参数传递,但构造函数需要一个int. 这给了你InvalidCastException

附带说明一下,如果 Ninject 给你一些更好的异常,那就太好了,这确实很难调试。

于 2013-06-27T17:29:42.393 回答