我终于找到了一个解决方案,递归到超类和接口,用传递的类型参数替换类型变量,直到到达所需的基类:
/**
* Resolves the actual generic type arguments for a base class, as viewed from a subclass or implementation.
*
* @param <T> base type
* @param offspring class or interface subclassing or extending the base type
* @param base base class
* @param actualArgs the actual type arguments passed to the offspring class
* @return actual generic type arguments, must match the type parameters of the offspring class. If omitted, the
* type parameters will be used instead.
*/
public static <T> Type[] resolveActualTypeArgs (Class<? extends T> offspring, Class<T> base, Type... actualArgs) {
assert offspring != null;
assert base != null;
assert actualArgs.length == 0 || actualArgs.length == offspring.getTypeParameters().length;
// If actual types are omitted, the type parameters will be used instead.
if (actualArgs.length == 0) {
actualArgs = offspring.getTypeParameters();
}
// map type parameters into the actual types
Map<String, Type> typeVariables = new HashMap<String, Type>();
for (int i = 0; i < actualArgs.length; i++) {
TypeVariable<?> typeVariable = (TypeVariable<?>) offspring.getTypeParameters()[i];
typeVariables.put(typeVariable.getName(), actualArgs[i]);
}
// Find direct ancestors (superclass, interfaces)
List<Type> ancestors = new LinkedList<Type>();
if (offspring.getGenericSuperclass() != null) {
ancestors.add(offspring.getGenericSuperclass());
}
for (Type t : offspring.getGenericInterfaces()) {
ancestors.add(t);
}
// Recurse into ancestors (superclass, interfaces)
for (Type type : ancestors) {
if (type instanceof Class<?>) {
// ancestor is non-parameterized. Recurse only if it matches the base class.
Class<?> ancestorClass = (Class<?>) type;
if (base.isAssignableFrom(ancestorClass)) {
Type[] result = resolveActualTypeArgs((Class<? extends T>) ancestorClass, base);
if (result != null) {
return result;
}
}
}
if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
// ancestor is parameterized. Recurse only if the raw type matches the base class.
ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
Type rawType = parameterizedType.getRawType();
if (rawType instanceof Class<?>) {
Class<?> rawTypeClass = (Class<?>) rawType;
if (base.isAssignableFrom(rawTypeClass)) {
// loop through all type arguments and replace type variables with the actually known types
List<Type> resolvedTypes = new LinkedList<Type>();
for (Type t : parameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments()) {
if (t instanceof TypeVariable<?>) {
Type resolvedType = typeVariables.get(((TypeVariable<?>) t).getName());
resolvedTypes.add(resolvedType != null ? resolvedType : t);
} else {
resolvedTypes.add(t);
}
}
Type[] result = resolveActualTypeArgs((Class<? extends T>) rawTypeClass, base, resolvedTypes.toArray(new Type[] {}));
if (result != null) {
return result;
}
}
}
}
}
// we have a result if we reached the base class.
return offspring.equals(base) ? actualArgs : null;
}
奇迹般有效:
resolveActualTypeArgs(PersonDAOExtension.class, DAO.class)
结果Integer
,Person
resolveActualTypeArgs(AbstractDAO.class, DAO.class)
结果Integer
,T
resolveActualTypeArgs(LinkedList.class, Iterable.class, String.class)
结果是String
我现在可以使用它来找出一组给定的 DAO 实现中的哪些可以读取 Persons:
List<DAO<?, ?>> knownDAOs = ...
for (DAO<?, ?> daoImpl : knownDAOs) {
Type[] types = resolveActualTypeArgs(daoImpl.getClass(), DAO.class);
boolean canReadPerson = types[1] instanceof Class<?> && Person.class.isAssignableFrom((Class<?>) types[1]);
}
无论我通过 a new PersonDAOExtension()
, anew PersonDAO()
还是 a ,这都有效new AbstractDAO<Person>{}
。