我有一堆 CSV 数据需要加载到 MySQL 数据库中。好吧,也许是 CSV-ish。(编辑:实际上,它看起来像 RFC 4180 中描述的东西)
每行都是逗号分隔的双引号字符串列表。要转义出现在列值中的任何双引号,请使用双双引号。反斜杠可以代表自己。
例如,该行:
"", "\wave\", ""hello,"" said the vicar", "what are ""scare-quotes"" good for?", "I'm reading ""Bossypants"""
如果解析成 JSON 应该是:
[ "", "\\wave\\", "\"hello,\" said the vicar", "what are \"scare-quotes\" good for?", "I'm reading \"Bossypants\"" ]
我正在尝试使用LOAD DATA
来读取 CSV,但我遇到了一些奇怪的行为。
例如,考虑我是否有一个简单的两列表
shell% mysql exampledb -e "describe person"
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| ID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| UID | char(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
shell%
如果我的输入文件的第一个非标题行结束于""
:
shell% cat temp-1.csv
"ID","UID"
"9",""
"0","Steve the Pirate"
"1","\Alpha"
"2","Hoban ""Wash"" Washburne"
"3","Pastor Veal"
"4","Tucker"
"10",""
"5","Simon"
"6","Sonny"
"7","Wat\"
我可以加载每个非标题行,但第一个:
mysql> DELETE FROM person;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> LOAD DATA
LOCAL INFILE 'temp-1.csv'
INTO TABLE person
FIELDS
TERMINATED BY ','
ENCLOSED BY '"'
ESCAPED BY '"'
LINES
TERMINATED BY '\n'
IGNORE 1 LINES
;
Query OK, 9 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 9 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> SELECT * FROM person;
+------+------------------------+
| ID | UID |
+------+------------------------+
| 0 | Steve the Pirate |
| 10 | |
| 1 | \Alpha |
| 2 | Hoban "Wash" Washburne |
| 3 | Pastor Veal |
| 4 | Tucker |
| 5 | Simon |
| 6 | Sonny |
| 7 | Wat\ |
+------+------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
或者我可以加载包括标题在内的所有行:
mysql> DELETE FROM person;
Query OK, 9 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> LOAD DATA
LOCAL INFILE 'temp-1.csv'
INTO TABLE person
FIELDS
TERMINATED BY ','
ENCLOSED BY '"'
ESCAPED BY '"'
LINES
TERMINATED BY '\n'
IGNORE 0 LINES
;
Query OK, 11 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
Records: 11 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 1
mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'ID' for column 'ID' at row 1 |
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM person;
+------+------------------------+
| ID | UID |
+------+------------------------+
| 0 | UID |
| 9 | |
| 0 | Steve the Pirate |
| 10 | |
| 1 | \Alpha |
| 2 | Hoban "Wash" Washburne |
| 3 | Pastor Veal |
| 4 | Tucker |
| 5 | Simon |
| 6 | Sonny |
| 7 | Wat\ |
+------+------------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果我的输入文件中没有任何行结束于""
:
shell% cat temp-2.csv
"ID","UID"
"0","Steve the Pirate"
"1","\Alpha"
"2","Hoban ""Wash"" Washburne"
"3","Pastor Veal"
"4","Tucker"
"5","Simon"
"6","Sonny"
"7","Wat\"
然后我可以不加载任何行:
mysql> DELETE FROM person;
Query OK, 11 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> LOAD DATA
LOCAL INFILE 'temp-2.csv'
INTO TABLE person
FIELDS
TERMINATED BY ','
ENCLOSED BY '"'
ESCAPED BY '"'
LINES
TERMINATED BY '\n'
IGNORE 1 LINES
;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> SELECT * FROM person;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
或者我可以加载包括标题在内的所有行:
mysql> DELETE FROM person;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> LOAD DATA
LOCAL INFILE 'temp-2.csv'
INTO TABLE person
FIELDS
TERMINATED BY ','
ENCLOSED BY '"'
ESCAPED BY '"'
LINES
TERMINATED BY '\n'
IGNORE 0 LINES
;
Query OK, 9 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
Records: 9 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 1
mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'ID' for column 'ID' at row 1 |
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM person;
+------+------------------------+
| ID | UID |
+------+------------------------+
| 0 | UID |
| 0 | Steve the Pirate |
| 1 | \Alpha |
| 2 | Hoban "Wash" Washburne |
| 3 | Pastor Veal |
| 4 | Tucker |
| 5 | Simon |
| 6 | Sonny |
| 7 | Wat\ |
+------+------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
所以现在我已经发现了很多错误的方法,我该如何LOAD DATA
将这些文件中的数据导入到我的数据库中呢?