XML::Writer 不支持除 US-ASCII 和 UTF-8 之外的任何内容(如其ENCODING
构造函数参数的文档中所述)。使用 XML::Writer 创建 UCS-2be XML 文档很棘手,但并非不可能。
use XML::Writer qw( );
# XML::Writer doesn't encode for you, so we need to use :encoding.
# The :raw avoids a problem with CRLF conversion on Windows.
open(my $fh, '>:raw:encoding(UCS-2be)', $qfn)
or die("Can't create \"$qfn\": $!\n");
# This prints the BOM. It's optional, but it's useful when using an
# encoding that's not a superset of US-ASCII (such as UCS-2be).
print($fh "\x{FEFF}");
my $writer = XML::Writer->new(
OUTPUT => $fh,
ENCODING => 'US-ASCII', # Use entities for > U+007F
);
$writer->xmlDecl('UCS-2be');
$writer->startTag('root');
$writer->characters("\x{00041}");
$writer->characters("\x{000C9}");
$writer->characters("\x{10000}");
$writer->endTag();
$writer->end();
缺点:U+007F 以上的所有字符都将显示为 XML 实体。在上面的例子中,
- U+00041 将显示为 "
A
" ( 00 41
)。好的。
- U+000C9 将显示为 "
É
" ( 00 26 00 23 00 78 00 43 00 39 00 3B
)。次优,但还可以。
- U+10000 将显示为 "
𐀀
" ( 00 26 00 23 00 78 00 31 00 30 00 30 00 30 00 30 00 3B
)。很好,需要 XML 实体来存储 U+10000 和UCB-2e
.
当且仅当您可以保证不会向作者提供任何高于 U+FFFF 的字符时,您才能避免上述缺点。
use XML::Writer qw( );
# XML::Writer doesn't encode for you, so we need to use :encoding.
# The :raw avoids a problem with CRLF conversion on Windows.
open(my $fh, '>:raw:encoding(UCS-2be)', $qfn)
or die("Can't create \"$qfn\": $!\n");
# This prints the BOM. It's optional, but it's useful when using an
# encoding that's not a superset of US-ASCII (such as UCS-2be).
print($fh "\x{FEFF}");
my $writer = XML::Writer->new(
OUTPUT => $fh,
ENCODING => 'UTF-8', # Don't use entities.
);
$writer->xmlDecl('UCS-2be');
$writer->startTag('root');
$writer->characters("\x{00041}");
$writer->characters("\x{000C9}");
#$writer->characters("\x{10000}"); # This causes a fatal error
$writer->endTag();
$writer->end();
- U+00041 将显示为 "
A
" ( 00 41
)。好的。
- U+000C9 将显示为 "
É
" ( 00 C9
)。好的。
- U+10000 导致致命错误。
以下是您可以在没有任何缺点的情况下做到这一点的方法:
use Encode qw( decode encode );
use XML::Writer qw( );
my $xml;
{
# XML::Writer doesn't encode for you, so we need to use :encoding.
open(my $fh, '>:encoding(UTF-8)', \$xml);
# This prints the BOM. It's optional, but it's useful when using an
# encoding that's not a superset of US-ASCII (such as UCS-2be).
print($fh "\x{FEFF}");
my $writer = XML::Writer->new(
OUTPUT => $fh,
ENCODING => 'UTF-8', # Don't use entities.
);
$writer->xmlDecl('UCS-2be');
$writer->startTag('root');
$writer->characters("\x{00041}");
$writer->characters("\x{000C9}");
$writer->characters("\x{10000}");
$writer->endTag();
$writer->end();
close($fh);
}
# Fix encoding.
$xml = decode('UTF-8', $xml);
$xml =~ s/([^\x{0000}-\x{FFFF}])/ sprintf('&#x%X;', ord($1)) /eg;
$xml = encode('UCS-2be', $xml);
open(my $fh, '>:raw', $qfn)
or die("Can't create \"$qfn\": $!\n");
print($fh $xml);
- U+00041 将显示为 "
A
" ( 00 41
)。好的。
- U+000C9 将显示为 "
É
" ( 00 C9
)。好的。
- U+10000 将显示为 "
𐀀
" ( 00 26 00 23 00 78 00 31 00 30 00 30 00 30 00 30 00 3B
)。很好,需要 XML 实体来存储 U+10000 和UCB-2e
.