我的 S4 类有一个被多次调用的方法。我注意到执行时间比独立调用类似函数时要慢得多。所以我在我的类中添加了一个类型为“function”的插槽,并使用该函数而不是方法。下面的示例显示了两种方法,它们都比相应的方法运行得快得多。此外,该示例表明该方法的较低速度不是由于方法必须从类中检索数据,因为即使它们也这样做,函数也更快。
当然,这种做事方式并不理想。我想知道是否有一种方法可以加速方法调度。有什么建议么?
setClass(Class = "SpeedTest",
representation = representation(
x = "numeric",
foo1 = "function",
foo2 = "function"
)
)
speedTest <- function(n) {
new("SpeedTest",
x = rnorm(n),
foo1 = function(z) sqrt(abs(z)),
foo2 = function() {}
)
}
setGeneric(
name = "method.foo",
def = function(object) {standardGeneric("method.foo")}
)
setMethod(
f = "method.foo",
signature = "SpeedTest",
definition = function(object) {
sqrt(abs(object@x))
}
)
setGeneric(
name = "create.foo2",
def = function(object) {standardGeneric("create.foo2")}
)
setMethod(
f = "create.foo2",
signature = "SpeedTest",
definition = function(object) {
z <- object@x
object@foo2 <- function() sqrt(abs(z))
object
}
)
> st <- speedTest(1000)
> st <- create.foo2(st)
>
> iters <- 100000
>
> system.time(for (i in seq(iters)) method.foo(st)) # slowest by far
user system elapsed
3.26 0.00 3.27
> # much faster
> system.time({foo1 <- st@foo1; x <- st@x; for (i in seq(iters)) foo1(x)})
user system elapsed
1.47 0.00 1.46
> # retrieving st@x instead of x does not affect speed
> system.time({foo1 <- st@foo1; for (i in seq(iters)) foo1(st@x)})
user system elapsed
1.47 0.00 1.49
> # same speed as foo1 although no explicit argument
> system.time({foo2 <- st@foo2; for (i in seq(iters)) foo2()})
user system elapsed
1.44 0.00 1.45
# Cannot increase speed by using a lambda to "eliminate" the argument of method.foo
> system.time({foo <- function() method.foo(st); for (i in seq(iters)) foo()})
user system elapsed
3.28 0.00 3.29