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我是 prolog 的新手，我正在尝试解决这个问题：

它只是返回假！

我曾多次尝试更改代码的几个部分，正如我所说我是序言中的新手，因此我不知道如何准确调试..

livesIn(State):-
member(State,[california,georgia,delaware,iowa,kansas]).

sentGift(Gift):-
member(Gift,[rotisserie,salver,toaster,urn,vase]).

isHusband(Husband):-
member(Husband,[bill,doug,nick,tom,zack]).

solve(Z):-
Z=[[amber,Husband1,State1,Gift1],
   [emily,Husband2,State2,Gift2],
   [janet,Husband3,State3,Gift3],
   [maisie,Husband4,State4,Gift4],
   [patsy,Husband5,State5,Gift5]],

isHusband(Husband1), isHusband(Husband2), isHusband(Husband3), isHusband(Husband4), isHusband(Husband5),
Husband1 \== Husband2, Husband1 \== Husband3, Husband1 \== Husband4, Husband1 \== Husband5,
Husband2 \== Husband1, Husband2 \== Husband3, Husband2 \== Husband4, Husband2 \== Husband5,
Husband3 \== Husband1, Husband3 \== Husband2, Husband3 \== Husband4, Husband3 \== Husband5,
Husband4 \== Husband1, Husband4 \== Husband2, Husband4 \== Husband3, Husband4 \== Husband5,
Husband5 \== Husband1, Husband5 \== Husband2, Husband5 \== Husband3, Husband5 \== Husband4,

livesIn(State1), livesIn(State2), livesIn(State3), livesIn(State4), livesIn(State5),
State1 \== State2, State1 \== State3, State1 \== State4, State1 \== State5,
State2 \== State1, State2 \== State3, State2 \== State4, State2 \== State5,
State3 \== State1, State3 \== State2, State3 \== State4, State3 \== State5,
State4 \== State1, State4 \== State2, State4 \== State3, State4 \== State5,
State5 \== State1, State5 \== State2, State5 \== State3, State5 \== State4,

sentGift(Gift1), livesIn(Gift2), livesIn(Gift3), livesIn(Gift4), livesIn(Gift5),
Gift1 \== Gift2, Gift1 \== Gift3, Gift1 \== Gift4, Gift1 \== Gift5,
Gift2 \== Gift1, Gift2 \== Gift3, Gift2 \== Gift4, Gift2 \== Gift5,
Gift3 \== Gift1, Gift3 \== Gift2, Gift3 \== Gift4, Gift3 \== Gift5,
Gift4 \== Gift1, Gift4 \== Gift2, Gift4 \== Gift3, Gift4 \== Gift5,
Gift5 \== Gift1, Gift5 \== Gift2, Gift5 \== Gift3, Gift5 \== Gift4,

%Aunt Maisie's Husband is Uncle Nick
Husband4 = nick,

%Uncle Bill and Aunt Emily and their respective spouses sent the salver and the urn (in order)
Gift2 = salver,
member([_, bill, _, urn], Z),

%Aunt Amber and Uncle Doug live in Georgia
Husband1 = doug,
State1 = georgia,

%Aunt Patsy and her husband sent a toaster
Gift5 = toaster,

%The rotisserie came from the Delaware relatives
member([_, _, delaware, rotisserie], Z),

%Uncle Zack and his wife(don't live in Kansas) sent neither the salver nor the toaster
\+ member([_, zack, kansas, _], Z),
\+ member([_, zack, _, salver], Z),
\+ member([_, zack, _, toaster], Z),

%Aunt Janet and Uncle Bill live in California
Husband3 = bill,
State3 = california.
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1 回答 1

0

让它工作

您的代码中有 2 个拼写错误会阻止它返回正确的结果。

第一个错字

比尔叔叔和艾米丽阿姨以及他们各自的配偶送来了托盘和骨灰盒（按顺序）

所以而不是：

Gift2 = salver,
member([_, bill, _, urn], Z),

它应该是：

Gift2 = urn,                       % Aunt Emily sent the urn
member([_, bill, _, salver], Z),   % Uncle Bill sent the salver

第二个错字

我不知道你怎么能弄出这个错字！为什么livesIn要礼物？

sentGift(Gift1), livesIn(Gift2), livesIn(Gift3), livesIn(Gift4), livesIn(Gift5),
Gift1 \== Gift2, Gift1 \== Gift3, Gift1 \== Gift4, Gift1 \== Gift5,

应该：

sentGift(Gift1), sentGift(Gift2), sentGift(Gift3), sentGift(Gift4), sentGift(Gift5),
Gift1 \== Gift2, Gift1 \== Gift3, Gift1 \== Gift4, Gift1 \== Gift5,

修正上述 2 个错别字后，代码将正常工作，但需要很长时间才能找到解决方案。

快一点

  1. 通过,和谓词在,和变量的成员统一之前用一个原子（例如Husband3 = bill, State1 = georgia）排序直接统一。GiftHusbandStatesentGiftisHusbandlivesIn

    实际上，您可以直接将它们插入Z. 与其手动声明所有这些不等式（例如Gift1 \== Gift2, Gift1 \== Gift3, Gift1 \== Gift4, Gift1 \== Gift5），不如编写一个谓词更简洁。

  2. 在第 1 部分中的直接统一之后，member([_, bill, _, urn], Z)但仍然在和变量的成员统一之前订购成员统一（例如）。GiftHusbandState

    请注意，这不包括，\+ member([_, zack, _, toaster], Z)它断言成员资格统一不能成功。在 和 的成员统一之前Gift，Husband以及State将它们限制为一小组可能值的变量，可能会找到一个满足成员统一的统一，这会导致子句和整个谓词失败。

上面的 2 个技巧将减少搜索空间，从而减少找到解决方案所需的时间。下面是一些示例骨架代码，供您在阅读完上面的文本后填写。

% Aunt Maisie's Husband is Uncle Nick
Husband4 = nick,

%% TODO: Fill in the rest on your own ...

% Uncle Bill and Aunt Emily and their respective spouses sent the salver and the urn (in order)
Gift2 = urn,




member([_, bill, _, salver], Z),

% The rotisserie came from the Delaware relatives
member([_, _, delaware, rotisserie], Z),




sentGift(Gift1), sentGift(Gift2), sentGift(Gift3), sentGift(Gift4), sentGift(Gift5),
Gift1 \== Gift2, Gift1 \== Gift3, Gift1 \== Gift4, Gift1 \== Gift5,
Gift2 \== Gift1, Gift2 \== Gift3, Gift2 \== Gift4, Gift2 \== Gift5,

%% TODO: Fill in the rest on your own





% Uncle Zack and his wife(don't live in Kansas) sent neither the salver nor the toaster
\+ member([_, zack, kansas, _], Z),
\+ member([_, zack, _, salver], Z),
\+ member([_, zack, _, toaster], Z).
于 2013-04-25T04:59:07.460 回答