python - 用python中的另一个字符串替换单词列表中的所有单词

Question

我有一个用户输入的字符串，我想搜索它并用我的替换字符串替换任何出现的单词列表。

import re

prohibitedWords = ["MVGame","Kappa","DatSheffy","DansGame","BrainSlug","SwiftRage","Kreygasm","ArsonNoSexy","GingerPower","Poooound","TooSpicy"]


# word[1] contains the user entered message
themessage = str(word[1])    
# would like to implement a foreach loop here but not sure how to do it in python
for themessage in prohibitedwords:
    themessage =  re.sub(prohibitedWords, "(I'm an idiot)", themessage)

print themessage

上面的代码不起作用，我确定我不明白 python for 循环是如何工作的。

Answer 1

您可以通过一次调用来做到这一点sub：

big_regex = re.compile('|'.join(map(re.escape, prohibitedWords)))
the_message = big_regex.sub("repl-string", str(word[1]))

例子：

>>> import re
>>> prohibitedWords = ['Some', 'Random', 'Words']
>>> big_regex = re.compile('|'.join(map(re.escape, prohibitedWords)))
>>> the_message = big_regex.sub("<replaced>", 'this message contains Some really Random Words')
>>> the_message
'this message contains <replaced> really <replaced> <replaced>'

请注意，使用str.replace可能会导致细微的错误：

>>> words = ['random', 'words']
>>> text = 'a sample message with random words'
>>> for word in words:
...     text = text.replace(word, 'swords')
... 
>>> text
'a sample message with sswords swords'

虽然使用re.sub给出了正确的结果：

>>> big_regex = re.compile('|'.join(map(re.escape, words)))
>>> big_regex.sub("swords", 'a sample message with random words')
'a sample message with swords swords'

正如 thg435 指出的那样，如果要替换单词而不是每个子字符串，则可以将单词边界添加到正则表达式：

big_regex = re.compile(r'\b%s\b' % r'\b|\b'.join(map(re.escape, words)))

这将取代'random'in'random words'但不是 in 'pseudorandom words'。

Answer 2

尝试这个：

prohibitedWords = ["MVGame","Kappa","DatSheffy","DansGame","BrainSlug","SwiftRage","Kreygasm","ArsonNoSexy","GingerPower","Poooound","TooSpicy"]

themessage = str(word[1])    
for word in prohibitedwords:
    themessage =  themessage.replace(word, "(I'm an idiot)")

print themessage

Answer 3

代码：

prohibitedWords =["MVGame","Kappa","DatSheffy","DansGame",
                  "BrainSlug","SwiftRage","Kreygasm",
                  "ArsonNoSexy","GingerPower","Poooound","TooSpicy"]
themessage = 'Brain'   
self_criticism = '(I`m an idiot)'
final_message = [i.replace(themessage, self_criticism) for i in prohibitedWords]
print final_message

结果：

['MVGame', 'Kappa', 'DatSheffy', 'DansGame', '(I`m an idiot)Slug', 'SwiftRage',
'Kreygasm', 'ArsonNoSexy', 'GingerPower', 'Poooound','TooSpicy']