我使用来自@Hast 的代码作为构建块。看起来这可以解决问题(除非有更好的方法?)
/**
 * To remove an attribute from an html tag
 * @param string $attr the attribute
 * @param string $str the html
 */
function remove_html_attribute($attr, $input){
    //return preg_replace('/\s*'.$attr.'\s*=\s*(["\']).*?\1/', '', $input);
    $result='';
    if(!empty($input)){
        //check if the input text contains tags
        if($input!=strip_tags($input)){
            $dom = new DOMDocument();
            //use mb_convert_encoding to prevent non-ASCII characters from randomly appearing in text
            $dom->loadHTML(mb_convert_encoding($input, 'HTML-ENTITIES', 'UTF-8'));
            $domElement = $dom->documentElement;
            $taglist = array('a', 'img', 'span', 'li', 'table', 'td'); //tags to check for specified tag attribute
            foreach($taglist as $target_tag){
                $tags = $domElement->getElementsByTagName($target_tag);
                foreach($tags as $tag){
                    $tag->removeAttribute($attr);
                }
            }
            //$result =  $dom->saveHTML();
            $result = innerHTML( $domElement->firstChild ); //strip doctype/html/body tags
        }
        else{
            $result=$input;
        }
    }
    return $result; 
}
/**
 * removes the doctype/html/body tags
 */
function innerHTML($node){
  $doc = new DOMDocument();
  foreach ($node->childNodes as $child)
    $doc->appendChild($doc->importNode($child, true));
  return $doc->saveHTML();
}