我对 django 和 Python 还很陌生，希望能够在我的模型（即产品）中导出项目列表。我在这里查看文档 - https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/howto/outputting-csv/
我假设我需要创建一个变量来存储我想要的所有数据。但不确定它在上面链接的代码片段中的位置。
道歉，因为这是一个非常愚蠢的问题，但真的会有所帮助。
到目前为止，这是我的脚本的代码：
import csv
from products.models import Product
from django.http import HttpResponse
def export_to_csv(request):
response = HttpResponse(content_type='text/csv')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="mytest.csv"'
您可能希望获得模型字段
def get_model_fields(model):
return model._meta.fields
然后使用
getattr(instance, field.name)
获取字段值（如this question）。
然后你会想要类似的东西
with open('your.csv', 'wb') as csvfile:
writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
# write your header first
for obj in YourModel.objects.all():
row = ""
for field in fields:
row += getattr(obj, field.name) + ","
writer.writerow(row)
它有点冗长（并且未经测试），但它应该给你一个想法。（哦，别忘了关闭你的文件）
根据场景 - 您可能希望拥有模型的 CSV。如果您有权访问 Django 管理站点，则可以为任何显示为列表的模型插入通用操作（谷歌：django 管理操作）
http://djangosnippets.org/snippets/790/
如果您使用控制台 ( python manage.py ...) 进行操作，则可以使用我刚刚使用的这样一个脚本：
（把它放在：yourapp/management/commands/model2csv.py）
"""
Prints CSV of all fields of a model.
"""
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError
import csv
import sys
class Command(BaseCommand):
help = ("Output the specified model as CSV")
args = '[appname.ModelName]'
def handle(self, *app_labels, **options):
from django.db.models import get_model
app_name, model_name = app_labels[0].split('.')
model = get_model(app_name, model_name)
field_names = [f.name for f in model._meta.fields]
writer = csv.writer(sys.stdout, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL)
writer.writerow(field_names)
for instance in model.objects.all():
writer.writerow([unicode(getattr(instance, f)).encode('utf-8') for f in field_names])
这不会捕获任何异常等，但是作为管理员，您不会引发它们，对吗？
像这样使用它：
./manage.py model2csv my_ecommerce.Product > products.csv
您还可以制作模板来帮助格式化！
模板是常见的 Django 模板
from django.template import loader
def export_to_csv(request):
response = HttpResponse(mimetype='text/csv')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="products-list.csv"'
template = loader.get_template('templates/products_template.csb')
response.write(template.render(Context({'products': Products.objects.all()})))
return response
我在我的代码上使用它。从视图调用的函数。它会自动获取模型字段以创建列。您还可以自定义要导出的字段列表。
import csv
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import Books
def export_qs_to_csv(model_class = None, qs = None, field_names = None):
if model_class and not qs:
qs = model_class.objects.all()
if qs and not model_class:
model_class = qs.model
meta = model_class._meta
if not field_names:
field_names = [field.name for field in meta.fields]
response = HttpResponse(content_type='text/csv')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename={}.csv'.format(meta)
writer = csv.writer(response)
writer.writerow(field_names)
for obj in qs:
row = writer.writerow([getattr(obj, field) for field in field_names])
return response
@user_passes_test(lambda u: u.is_superuser)
def export_books(request):
return export_qs_to_csv(model_class = Books)
# or
return export_qs_to_csv(qs = Books.objects.filter(published = True))
# or
return export_qs_to_csv(
qs = Books.objects.filter(published = True),
field_names = [
"title",
"price",
"publishing_date",
]
)
它可以工作，它只需要在model_class变量中定义模型类。这个 Django 视图让我们使用下载 CSV。CSV 名称是Django_app.model_name.csv。
import csv
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import Trade
def export_to_csv(request):
# The only line to customize
model_class = Trade
meta = model_class._meta
field_names = [field.name for field in meta.fields]
response = HttpResponse(content_type='text/csv')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename={}.csv'.format(meta)
writer = csv.writer(response)
writer.writerow(field_names)
for obj in model_class.objects.all():
row = writer.writerow([getattr(obj, field) for field in field_names])
return response
使用django.db.models.query.QuerySet.values可以为我的用例带来更优化的查询。
import csv
from datetime import datetime
from django.http import HttpResponse
# Populate this list with your model's fields
# Replace MODEL with your model
fields = [f.name for f in MODEL._meta.fields]
# The following code will live inside your view
timestamp = datetime.now().isoformat()
response = HttpResponse(content_type="text/csv")
response[
"Content-Disposition"
] = f"attachment; filename={timestamp}.csv"
writer = csv.writer(response)
# Write the header row
writer.writerow(fields)
# Replace MODEL with your model
for row in MODEL.objects.values(*fields):
writer.writerow([row[field] for field in fields])
return response
这是一个潜在的解决方案，基于 @tomasz-gandor 的回答，但更新到 2020 年：
"""
Prints CSV of all fields of a model.
"""
import csv
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError
class Command(BaseCommand):
help = ("Output the specified model as CSV")
def add_arguments(self, parser):
parser.add_argument('model',
nargs=1,
type=str,
help='Model name to export, like <app.model> or "members.Member"')
parser.add_argument('outfile',
nargs=1,
type=str,
help='Save path, like </path/to/outfile.csv> or "/data/members.csv"')
def handle(self, *app_labels, **options):
from django.apps import apps
app_name, model_name = options['model'][0].split('.')
model = apps.get_model(app_name, model_name)
field_names = [f.name for f in model._meta.fields]
writer = csv.writer(open(options['outfile'][0], 'w'), quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')
writer.writerow(field_names)
for instance in model.objects.all():
writer.writerow([str(getattr(instance, f)) for f in field_names])
可以很容易地用于：
python manage.py model2csv members.Member /data/members_export.csv
我使用了 django-queryset-csv 包。
按着这些次序：
pip install django-queryset-csv
你的意见.py：
import djqscsv from products.models import Product def get_csv(request): qs = Product.objects.all() return djqscsv.render_to_csv_response(qs)
将此解决方案用于模型 csv 文件。可能会有所帮助
# Create the HttpResponse object with the appropriate CSV header.
response = HttpResponse(content_type='text/csv')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;
filename="somefilename.csv"'
writer = csv.writer(response);
writer.writerow(["username","Email"]);
for i in User.objects.all():
writer.writerow([i.username,i.email])
return response
我结合了之前的一些答案，因为我需要从生产中导入一些数据并在此过程中对其进行一些更改。所以这是我的解决方案，您可以在编写 CSV 文件时使用它来覆盖某些字段值。
将一些查询集数据导出到 CSV 文件中：
import csv
from myapp.models import MyModel
from user.models import User
# Make some queryset manually using Django shell:
user = User.objects.get(username='peterhil')
queryset = MyModel.objects.filter(user=user)
def query_to_csv(queryset, filename='items.csv', **override):
field_names = [field.name for field in queryset.model._meta.fields]
def field_value(row, field_name):
if field_name in override.keys():
return override[field_name]
else:
return row[field_name]
with open(filename, 'w') as csvfile:
writer = csv.writer(csvfile, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')
writer.writerow(field_names) # write the header
for row in queryset.values(*field_names):
writer.writerow([field_value(row, field) for field in field_names])
# Example usage:
query_to_csv(queryset, filename='data.csv', user=1, group=1)
如果您不关心字段名并想要所有字段，请执行此操作。
with open('file_name.csv', 'w') as csvfile:
writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
for obj in YourModel.objects.values_list():
row = list(obj)
writer.writerow(row)