我认为对您来说更好的选择是使用Ninject
或其他一些依赖注入框架根据MemoryCache
需要将您注入控制器。
您将从向 ASP.NET MVC 项目中添加Ninject
和Ninject.Mvc3
(以及任何其他相关位)开始。如果您在 Visual Studio 中工作,则可以使用 NuGet 来执行此操作。它非常轻松且自动化程度很高。
下一步将把你包装MemoryCache
到某种界面中,例如:
public interface IMemoryCacheService
{
MemoryCache MemoryCache
{
get;
set;
}
}
和:
public class MemoryCacheService : IMemoryCacheService
{
public MemoryCacheService()
{
MemoryCache = new MemoryCache();
}
public MemoryCache MemoryCache
{
get;
set;
}
}
然后在 Ninject 中定义一个绑定,以便 Ninject 知道当您需要某种类型时IMemoryCacheService
,它应该为您提供MemoryCacheService
.
我将在这里粘贴我自己的 Ninject 配置类。将在您的项目中创建的一个将非常相似,并将位于一个名为的文件夹中App_Start
(如果您使用 NuGet,它将自动创建)。Ninject 默认创建的类称为NinjectWebCommon
.
public static class NinjectConfig
{
private static readonly Bootstrapper bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper();
public static void Start()
{
DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(OnePerRequestHttpModule));
DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(NinjectHttpModule));
bootstrapper.Initialize(CreateKernel);
}
public static void Stop()
{
bootstrapper.ShutDown();
}
private static IKernel CreateKernel()
{
var kernel = new StandardKernel();
kernel.Bind<Func<IKernel>>()
.ToMethod(context => () => new Bootstrapper().Kernel);
kernel.Bind<IHttpModule>()
.To<HttpApplicationInitializationHttpModule>();
kernel.RegisterServices();
return kernel;
}
private static void RegisterServices(this IKernel kernel)
{
kernel.Bind<IMemoryCacheService>()
.To<MemoryCacheService>()
.InSingletonScope();
// InSingletonScope() is important so Ninject knows
// to create only one copy and then reuse it every time
// it is asked for
// ignore the stuff below... I have left it in here for illustration
kernel.Bind<IDbTransactionFactory>()
.To<DbTransactionFactory>()
.InRequestScope();
kernel.Bind<IDbModelContext>()
.To<DbModelContext>()
.InRequestScope();
kernel.Bind<IDbModelChangeContext>()
.To<DbModelChangeContext>()
.InRequestScope();
kernel.Bind<IUserContext>()
.To<UserContext>()
.InRequestScope();
kernel.BindAttributeAndFilter<IgnoreNonAjaxRequestsFilter, IgnoreNonAjaxRequestsAttribute>();
kernel.BindAttributeAndFilter<ProvideApplicationInfoFilter, ProvideApplicationInfoAttribute>();
kernel.BindAttributeAndFilter<ProvideSessionInfoFilter, ProvideSessionInfoAttribute>();
kernel.BindAttributeAndFilter<UseDialogLayoutFilter, UseDialogLayoutAttribute>();
kernel.BindAttributeAndFilter<CheckResourceAccessFilter, CheckResourceAccessAttribute>();
kernel.BindAttributeAndFilter<CheckResourceStateFilter, CheckResourceStateAttribute>();
}
private static void BindAttributeAndFilter<TFilter, TAttribute>(this IKernel kernel)
{
kernel.BindFilter<TFilter>(FilterScope.Action, null)
.WhenControllerHas<TAttribute>();
kernel.BindFilter<TFilter>(FilterScope.Action, null)
.WhenActionMethodHas<TAttribute>();
}
}
最后,您的控制器将从:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Foo()
{
...
}
...
}
至:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private IMemoryCacheService memoryCacheService;
public HomeController(IMemoryCacheService memoryCacheService)
{
this.memoryCacheService = memoryCacheService;
}
public ActionResult Foo()
{
// use this.memoryCacheService in your controller methods...
}
...
}
假设您IEmailService
按照上述策略创建了另一项服务,并且您希望IEmailService
也可以使用HomeController
,那么:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private IMemoryCacheService memoryCacheService;
private IEmailService emailService;
public HomeController(IMemoryCacheService memoryCacheService, IEmailService emailService)
{
this.memoryCacheService = memoryCacheService;
this.emailService = emailService;
}
public ActionResult Foo()
{
// use this.memoryCacheService in your controller methods...
// and also use this.emailService in your controller methods...
}
...
}
Ninject 将更改 ASP.NET MVC 控制器工厂以自动将注入的参数提供给控制器构造函数。
我认为从长远来看,这种方法比保留全局变量等更好。