java - GridBagLayout 面板对齐

Question

我对 GridBag 布局管理器有一点问题。我正在尝试显示 9 个这样的面板：

为此，我像这样分隔网格：

对于面板 1 到 7，没有问题，它们会按照我的意愿显示。但问题始于面板S8和S9. 如您所见，S8andS9占据了一半的帧，但我不能让它像这样显示。S8开头的结尾S4和S9结尾的开头S4，我无法处理半个空格。

我想出的唯一方法是将S8andS9面板放在另一个面板中，该面板占据所有框架宽度 - 但肯定必须有一种正确的方法来显示这两个面板而不将它们放在另一个面板中！

这是代码：

workzone.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints();
c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
c.weightx = 0.5;
c.weighty = 0.5;
c.insets = new Insets(0,0,0,0);

//S1
c.gridx = 0;
c.gridy = 0;
c.gridwidth = 2;
c.gridheight = 2;
workzone.add(S1, c);

//S2
c.gridx = 2;
c.gridy = 0;
c.gridwidth = 2;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S2, c);

//S3
c.gridx = 2;
c.gridy = 1;
c.gridwidth = 2;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S3, c);

//S4
c.gridx = 4;
c.gridy = 0;
c.gridwidth = 2;
c.gridheight = 2;
workzone.add(S4, c);

//S5
c.gridx = 7;
c.gridy = 0;
c.gridwidth = 1;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S5, c);

//S6
c.gridx = 7;
c.gridy = 1;
c.gridwidth = 2;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S6, c);

//S7
c.gridx = 8;
c.gridy = 0;
c.gridwidth = 2;
c.gridheight = 2;
workzone.add(S7, c);

//S8
c.gridx = 0;
c.gridy = 2;
c.gridwidth = 5;
c.gridheigth = 1;
workzone.add(S8, c);

//S9
c.gridx = 6;
c.gridy = 2;
c.gridwidth = 5;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S9, c);

欢迎任何想法和建议！

Answer 1

好问题。我花了一点时间来破解它，但我明白了。通常，我会将第 1-7 节放在顶部面板中，将第 8-9 节放在底部面板中，但我喜欢使用 GBL 来挑战 1 个面板。[无聊的]

问题是第 4 节（列索引 4 和 5）没有为 GBL 明确定义，因此第 8 节不知道要覆盖它的第五列（索引 4）多远，所以它在列索引之后停止3.

因此，我在构成第 4 部分的列中添加了 2 个零高度垫片，它起作用了。注释掉标记为 SPACERS 的 2 行以了解我的意思：

编辑：添加了@SheridanVespo 建议的修复

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class GridBagDemo2 implements Runnable
{
  private Color[] colors = {Color.BLACK, Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN, Color.GRAY,
                            Color.GREEN, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
                            Color.PINK, Color.RED, Color.YELLOW};

  private JPanel panel;
  private GridBagConstraints gbc;

  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new GridBagDemo2());
  }

  public void run()
  {
    panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
    gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

    add(0,0, 2,2, "1");
    add(2,0, 2,1, "2");
    add(2,1, 2,1, "3");
    add(4,0, 2,2, "4");
    add(6,0, 2,1, "5");
    add(6,1, 2,1, "6");
    add(8,0, 2,2, "7");
    add(0,2, 5,1, "8");
    add(5,2, 5,1, "9");

    // SPACERS: define the 2 columns that is section "4"
    add(4,3, 1,1, "");
    add(5,3, 1,1, "");

    JFrame frame = new JFrame("Grig Bag");
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.getContentPane().add(panel);
    frame.pack();
    frame.setVisible(true);
  }

  private void add(int x, int y, int colspan, int rowspan, String name)
  {
    gbc.gridx = x;
    gbc.gridy = y;
    gbc.gridwidth = colspan;
    gbc.gridheight = rowspan;
    gbc.weightx = .1;
    gbc.weighty = .1;
    gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
    gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;

    // using another panel for illustrative purposes only
    JPanel p = new JPanel();

    if (!name.equals(""))
    {
      gbc.weightx = 1;                          // @SheridanVespo fix
      int index = Integer.parseInt(name);
      JLabel label = new JLabel("Panel " + name);
      p.add(label);
      p.setBackground(colors[index]);
      panel.add(p, gbc);
    }
    else
    {
      gbc.weightx = 0.5;                        // @SheridanVespo fix
      gbc.weighty = 0;  // don't allow the spacer to grow 
      gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.NONE;
      panel.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue(), gbc);
    }
  }
}

Answer 2

公认的答案很有吸引力，但随着框架的大小调整，它会导致第 4 部分比侧面板加宽得更快。此变体将面板 8 和 9 放置在 a 的单独子面板中BoxLayout。

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/** @see https://stackoverflow.com/q/14755487/261156 */
public class GridBagDemo implements Runnable {

    private JPanel panel;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new GridBagDemo());
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("GridBag");
        frame.setLayout(new BoxLayout(frame.getContentPane(), BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
        panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        add(1, 0, 0, 1, 2);
        add(2, 1, 0, 1, 1);
        add(3, 1, 1, 1, 1);
        add(4, 2, 0, 1, 2);
        add(5, 3, 0, 1, 1);
        add(6, 3, 1, 1, 1);
        add(7, 4, 0, 1, 2);
        frame.add(panel);
        panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        add(8, 0, 0, 1, 1);
        add(9, 1, 0, 1, 1);
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    private void add(int i, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
        gbc.gridx = x;
        gbc.gridy = y;
        gbc.gridwidth = w;
        gbc.gridheight = h;
        gbc.weightx = .1;
        gbc.weighty = .1;
        gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
        JPanel p = new JPanel();
        p.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(8, 8, 8, 8));
        p.add(new JLabel("Panel " + i));
        p.setBackground(Color.getHSBColor((i - 1) / 9f, 0.75f, 0.95f));
        panel.add(p, gbc);
    }
}

Answer 3

我从来都不是 GridBagLayout 的忠实粉丝。所以对我来说，我会将您的 GUI 分解为多个面板，并且可能会使用多个 GridLayout 来实现您想要的。就像是：

JPanel top = new JPanel( new GridLayout(0, 5) );
top.add(s1);
JPanel s23 = new JPanel( new GridLayout(2, 0) );
s23.add(s2);
s23.add(s3);
top.add(s23);
...

JPanel bottom = new JPanel( new GridLayout(0, 2) );
bottom.add(s8);
bottom.add(s9);

JPanel main = new JPanel( appropriate layout manager );
main.add(top);
main.add(bottom);

Answer 4

对于最后两个JPanel，我建议您只需将它们添加到新JPanel的 withGridLayout并将其设置JPanel为GridLayouton 到JPanel具有GridBagLayout. 请看一下代码示例，它实际上产生了与您期望的相同的输出：

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * User: Gagandeep Bali
 * Date: 2/7/13
 * Time: 10:34 PM
 * To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
 */
public class GridBagExample
{
    private JPanel contentPane, footerPanel;
    private JPanel s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6, s7, s8, s9;

    private void displayGUI()
    {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("GridBagLayout Example");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

        contentPane = new JPanel();
        contentPane.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
        /*
         * Constraints for S1 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
        gbc.gridwidth = 1;
        gbc.gridheight = 2;
        gbc.weightx = 0.2;
        gbc.weighty = 0.8;
        s1 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s1.setOpaque(true);
        s1.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        s1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s1Label = new JLabel("S1", JLabel.CENTER);
        s1.add(s1Label);
        contentPane.add(s1, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for S2 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.weighty = 0.4;
        gbc.gridx = 1;
        gbc.gridheight = 1;
        s2 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s2.setOpaque(true);
        s2.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
        s2.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s2Label = new JLabel("S2", JLabel.CENTER);
        s2.add(s2Label);
        contentPane.add(s2, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for S3 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        s3 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s3.setOpaque(true);
        s3.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        s3.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s3Label = new JLabel("S3", JLabel.CENTER);
        s3.add(s3Label);
        contentPane.add(s3, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for S4 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.weighty = 0.8;
        gbc.gridx = 2;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.gridheight = 2;
        s4 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s4.setOpaque(true);
        s4.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        s4.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s4Label = new JLabel("S4", JLabel.CENTER);
        s4.add(s4Label);
        contentPane.add(s4, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for S5 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.weighty = 0.4;
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridheight = 1;
        s5 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s5.setOpaque(true);
        s5.setBackground(Color.RED);
        s5.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s5Label = new JLabel("S5", JLabel.CENTER);
        s5.add(s5Label);
        contentPane.add(s5, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for S6 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        s6 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s6.setOpaque(true);
        s6.setBackground(Color.MAGENTA);
        s6.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s6Label = new JLabel("S6", JLabel.CENTER);
        s6.add(s6Label);
        contentPane.add(s6, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for S7 JPanel.
         */
        gbc.gridheight = 2;
        gbc.weighty = 0.8;
        gbc.gridx = 4;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        s7 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s7.setOpaque(true);
        s7.setBackground(Color.ORANGE);
        s7.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s7Label = new JLabel("S7", JLabel.CENTER);
        s7.add(s7Label);
        contentPane.add(s7, gbc);

        footerPanel = new JPanel();
        footerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 2, 5, 5));

        s8 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s8.setOpaque(true);
        s8.setBackground(Color.PINK);
        s8.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s8Label = new JLabel("S8", JLabel.CENTER);
        s8.add(s8Label);
        footerPanel.add(s8);

        s9 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        s9.setOpaque(true);
        s9.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
        s9.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 5));
        JLabel s9Label = new JLabel("S9", JLabel.CENTER);
        s9.add(s9Label);
        footerPanel.add(s9, gbc);

        /*
         * Constraints for Footer JPanel.
         */
        gbc.gridheight = 1;
        gbc.gridwidth = 5;
        gbc.weightx = 1.0;
        gbc.weighty = 0.2;
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 2;
        contentPane.add(footerPanel, gbc);

        frame.setContentPane(contentPane);
        frame.pack();
        //frame.setSize(500, 500);
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String... args)
    {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable()
        {
            @Override
            public void run()
            {
                new GridBagExample().displayGUI();
            }
        });
    }
}

这是上述代码的输出：

Answer 5

通常，我按 Y、X 位置顺序创建和添加 GridBagLayout 的组件。我不知道这是否是必需的，但它使我更容易诊断问题。

这是我为您的网格提出的建议。

Component   xPosition   yPosition   xWidth   yHeight
---------   ---------   ---------   ------   -------
S1              0           0          2        2
S2              2           0          2        1
S4              4           0          2        2
S5              6           0          2        1
S7              8           0          2        2
S8              0           2          5        1
S3              2           2          2        1
S9              5           2          5        1
S6              6           2          2        1

Answer 6

对于 S9 组件，您的代码是

//S9
c.gridx = 6;
c.gridy = 2;
c.gridwidth = 5;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S9, c);

由于坐标系从 0 而不是 1 开始，我建议代码为

//S9
c.gridx = 5; // I changed this
c.gridy = 2;
c.gridwidth = 5;
c.gridheight = 1;
workzone.add(S9, c);

Answer 7

我试过用BorderLayout它来检查它是如何工作的。但只是在这里发布.. :) 这个过程在彼此内部使用多个面板。如果这个例子很舒服，你可以尝试这种方法。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.LineBorder;


public class BorderAndGridBag {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Runnable r = new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                new GridWithBorder().createUI();
            }
        };

        EventQueue.invokeLater(r);
    }
}

class GridWithBorder {
    public void createUI() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        JPanel motherPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

        JPanel topPanel = new  JPanel();
        topPanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        bottomPanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topLeftPanel = new JPanel();
        topLeftPanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topRightPanel = new JPanel();
        topRightPanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topMiddlePanel = new JPanel();
        topMiddlePanel.add(new JLabel("Top Middle"));
        topMiddlePanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel bottomLeftPanel = new JPanel();
        bottomLeftPanel.add(new JLabel("Bottom Left"));
        bottomLeftPanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel bottomRightPanel = new JPanel();
        bottomRightPanel.add(new JLabel("Bottom Right"));
        bottomRightPanel.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topLeftLeft = new JPanel();
        topLeftLeft.add(new JLabel("Top Left"));
        topLeftLeft.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());


        JPanel topLeftRight = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

        JPanel topLeftRightTop = new JPanel();
        topLeftRightTop.add(new JLabel("Top Left's Right Top"));
        topLeftRight.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topLeftRightBottom = new JPanel();
        topLeftRightBottom.add(new JLabel("Top Left's Right Bottom"));

        JPanel topRightLeft = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        topRightLeft.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topRightRight = new JPanel();
        topRightRight.add(new JLabel("Top Right Right"));
        topRightRight.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());

        JPanel topRightLeftTop = new JPanel();
        topRightLeftTop.add(new JLabel("Top Right Left Top"));

        JPanel topRightLeftBottom = new JPanel();
        topRightLeftBottom.add(new JLabel("Top Right Left Bottom"));

        topLeftPanel.add(topLeftLeft, BorderLayout.WEST);

        // Top panel sub alignment.
        topLeftPanel.add(topLeftRight, BorderLayout.EAST);
        topLeftRight.add(topLeftRightTop, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        topLeftRight.add(topLeftRightBottom, BorderLayout.CENTER);


        topRightLeft.add(topRightLeftTop, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        topRightLeft.add(topRightLeftBottom, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        topRightPanel.add(topRightLeft, BorderLayout.WEST);
        topRightPanel.add(topRightRight, BorderLayout.EAST);

        // Top Panel main alignment.
        topPanel.add(topLeftPanel, BorderLayout.WEST);
        topPanel.add(topMiddlePanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        topPanel.add(topRightPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);

        // Bottom Panel main alignment.
        bottomPanel.add(bottomLeftPanel, BorderLayout.WEST);
        bottomPanel.add(bottomRightPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);

        motherPanel.add(topPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        motherPanel.add(bottomPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(motherPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setTitle("Layout Manager");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}