要解决的问题是在给定重量和重心的情况下找到浮体的漂浮状态。
我使用的函数计算给定下沉、脚跟和修剪的身体的位移体积和浮力中心。其中下沉是一个长度单位,而后跟/修剪是一个限制在 -90 到 90 之间的角度。
当位移体积与重量相等且重心与浮心在一条垂直线上时,即为漂浮状态。
我将此实现为具有 3 个变量(下沉、修剪、鞋跟)和 3 个方程的非线性 Newton-Raphson 求根问题。此方法有效,但需要良好的初始猜测。所以我希望找到更好的方法,或者找到初始值的好方法。
下面是用于 Newton-Raphson 迭代的牛顿和雅可比算法的代码。函数volume接受参数sinkage、heel和trim。并返回体积和浮力中心的坐标。
我还包括了 maxabs 和 GSolve2 算法,我相信这些是取自 Numerical Recipies。
void jacobian(float x[], float weight, float vcg, float tcg, float lcg, float jac[][3], float f0[]) {
float h = 0.0001f;
float temp;
float j_volume, j_vcb, j_lcb, j_tcb;
float f1[3];
volume(x[0], x[1], x[2], j_volume, j_lcb, j_vcb, j_tcb);
f0[0] = j_volume-weight;
f0[1] = j_tcb-tcg;
f0[2] = j_lcb-lcg;
for (int i=0;i<3;i++) {
temp = x[i];
x[i] = temp + h;
volume(x[0], x[1], x[2], j_volume, j_lcb, j_vcb, j_tcb);
f1[0] = j_volume-weight;
f1[1] = j_tcb-tcg;
f1[2] = j_lcb-lcg;
x[i] = temp;
jac[0][i] = (f1[0]-f0[0])/h;
jac[1][i] = (f1[1]-f0[1])/h;
jac[2][i] = (f1[2]-f0[2])/h;
}
}
void newton(float weight, float vcg, float tcg, float lcg, float &sinkage, float &heel, float &trim) {
float x[3] = {10,1,1};
float accuracy = 0.000001f;
int ntryes = 30;
int i = 0;
float jac[3][3];
float max;
float f0[3];
float gauss_f0[3];
while (i < ntryes) {
jacobian(x, weight, vcg, tcg, lcg, jac, f0);
if (sqrt((f0[0]*f0[0]+f0[1]*f0[1]+f0[2]*f0[2])/2) < accuracy) {
break;
}
gauss_f0[0] = -f0[0];
gauss_f0[1] = -f0[1];
gauss_f0[2] = -f0[2];
GSolve2(jac, 3, gauss_f0);
x[0] = x[0]+gauss_f0[0];
x[1] = x[1]+gauss_f0[1];
x[2] = x[2]+gauss_f0[2];
// absmax(x) - Return absolute max value from an array
max = absmax(x);
if (max < 1) max = 1;
if (sqrt((gauss_f0[0]*gauss_f0[0]+gauss_f0[1]*gauss_f0[1]+gauss_f0[2]*gauss_f0[2])) < accuracy*max) {
x[0]=x2[0];
x[1]=x2[1];
x[2]=x2[2];
break;
}
i++;
}
sinkage = x[0];
heel = x[1];
trim = x[2];
}
int GSolve2(float a[][3],int n,float b[]) {
float x,sum,max,temp;
int i,j,k,p,m,pos;
int nn = n-1;
for (k=0;k<=n-1;k++)
{
/* pivot*/
max=fabs(a[k][k]);
pos=k;
for (p=k;p<n;p++){
if (max < fabs(a[p][k])){
max=fabs(a[p][k]);
pos=p;
}
}
if (ABS(a[k][pos]) < EPS) {
writeLog("Matrix is singular");
break;
}
if (pos != k) {
for(m=k;m<n;m++){
temp=a[pos][m];
a[pos][m]=a[k][m];
a[k][m]=temp;
}
}
/* convert to upper triangular form */
if ( fabs(a[k][k])>=1.e-6)
{
for (i=k+1;i<n;i++)
{
x = a[i][k]/a[k][k];
for (j=k+1;j<n;j++) a[i][j] = a[i][j] -a[k][j]*x;
b[i] = b[i] - b[k]*x;
}
}
else
{
writeLog("zero pivot found in line:%d",k);
return 0;
}
}
/* back substitution */
b[nn] = b[nn] / a[nn][nn];
for (i=n-2;i>=0;i--)
{
sum = b[i];
for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
sum = sum - a[i][j]*b[j];
b[i] = sum/a[i][i];
}
return 0;
}
float absmax(float x[]) {
int i = 1;
int n = sizeof(x);
float max = x[0];
while (i < n) {
if (max < x[i]) {
max = x[i];
}
i++;
}
return max;
}