12

这个漂亮的小 Python 装饰器可以配置禁用装饰函数:

enabled = get_bool_from_config()

def run_if_enabled(fn):
    def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fn(*args, **kwargs) if enabled else None
        except Exception:
            log.exception('')
            return None
    return wrapped

唉,如果在回溯中引发异常,则fn()仅显示到包装器:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\my_proj\run.py", line 46, in wrapped
    return fn(*args, **kwargs) if enabled else None
  File "C:\my_proj\run.py", line 490, in a_decorated_function
    some_dict['some_value']
KeyError: 'some_value'
  1. 为什么?
  2. 我可以解决方法来查看完整的回溯吗?
4

1 回答 1

8

啊! 好的,现在这是一个有趣的问题!

这是相同的近似函数,但直接从以下位置获取异常sys.exc_info()

import sys
import traceback

def save_if_allowed(fn):
    def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fn(*args, **kwargs) if enabled else None
        except Exception:
            print "The exception:"
            print "".join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()))
            return None
    return wrapped

@save_if_allowed
def stuff():
    raise Exception("stuff")


def foo():
    stuff()

foo()

确实如此:打印的回溯中不包含更高的堆栈帧:

$蟒蛇测试.py
例外:
回溯(最近一次通话最后):
  文件“x.py”,第 21 行,已包装
    如果启用则返回 fn(*args, **kwargs) 否则无
  文件“x.py”,第 29 行,in stuff
    引发异常(“东西”)
例外:东西

现在,为了缩小这个范围,我怀疑它正在发生,因为堆栈帧只包含直到最近try/except块的堆栈信息......所以我们应该能够在没有装饰器的情况下重新创建它:

$ cat test.py
def inner():
    raise Exception("inner")

def outer():
    try:
        inner()
    except Exception:
        print "".join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()))

def caller():
    outer()

caller()

$ python test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "x.py", line 42, in outer
    inner()
  File "x.py", line 38, in inner
    raise Exception("inner")
Exception: inner

啊哈!现在,仔细想想,这在某种意义上确实是有意义的:此时,异常只遇到了两个堆栈帧:ofinner()和 of outer()——异常还不知道从哪里outer()调用。

因此,要获得完整的堆栈,您需要将当前堆栈与异常堆栈结合起来:

$ cat test.py
def inner():
    raise Exception("inner")

def outer():
    try:
        inner()
    except Exception:
        exc_info = sys.exc_info()
        stack = traceback.extract_stack()
        tb = traceback.extract_tb(exc_info[2])
        full_tb = stack[:-1] + tb
        exc_line = traceback.format_exception_only(*exc_info[:2])
        print "Traceback (most recent call last):"
        print "".join(traceback.format_list(full_tb)),
        print "".join(exc_line)

def caller():
    outer()

caller()

$ python test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 56, in <module>
    caller()
  File "test.py", line 54, in caller
    outer()
  File "test.py", line 42, in outer
    inner()
  File "test.py", line 38, in inner
    raise Exception("inner")
Exception: inner

也可以看看:

于 2013-01-25T18:33:36.547 回答