我有 2 个 CSV 文件。
一个标题看起来像：
header1,header2,header3,header4
a,b,c,d
另一个标题看起来像：
header1,header3,header4,header5
e,f,g,h
我希望输出为 CSV 文件：
header1,header2,header3,header4,header5
a,b,c,d,
e, ,f,g,h
我更喜欢可以处理这种类型的合并的命令行实用程序（因为它都是由 Windows 中的批处理文件运行的），但我愿意接受任何解决方案。
如果标题相同，那么这将很容易，但由于标题略有不同，我已经碰壁了。
任何帮助，将不胜感激。
只要没有任何列值包含逗号，批处理文件就可以使用 FOR /F 轻松解析大多数 CSV 行。但是 FOR /F 解决方案可能会因缺失值而出错。您的 CSV 可能有连续的逗号，表示缺少值。但 FOR /F 将连续分隔符视为单个分隔符。这个问题可以批量解决，但我认为这不值得。
PowerShell 可能有一个很好的解析 CSV 的解决方案。我知道 .NET 有一个解析 CSV 的类，PowerShell 可以访问 .NET。但我真的不知道 PowerShell。
有可用于 Windows 的免费文本处理工具，例如 sed。但这需要下载。
我编写了一个易于使用的混合批处理/JScript 实用程序，名为 REPL.BAT，它可以对文本文件执行正则表达式搜索和替换。
假设您在第二个文件中的第一列的值中从来没有带引号的逗号，那么解决方案可以很简单：
@echo off
>new.csv (
echo header1,header2,header3,header4,header5
findstr /v /c:"header1,header2,header3,header4" file1.csv | repl "^(.*)$" "$1,"
findstr /v /c:"header1,header3,header4,header5" file2.csv | repl "^([^,]*)," "$1, ,"
)
这是启用上述解决方案的 REPL.BAT 实用程序。完整的文档内置在脚本中。
@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* Harmless hybrid line that begins a JScript comment
::************ Documentation ***********
:::
:::REPL Search Replace [Options [SourceVar]]
:::REPL /?
:::
::: Performs a global search and replace operation on each line of input from
::: stdin and prints the result to stdout.
:::
::: Each parameter may be optionally enclosed by double quotes. The double
::: quotes are not considered part of the argument. The quotes are required
::: if the parameter contains a batch token delimiter like space, tab, comma,
::: semicolon. The quotes should also be used if the argument contains a
::: batch special character like &, |, etc. so that the special character
::: does not need to be escaped with ^.
:::
::: If called with a single argument of /? then prints help documentation
::: to stdout.
:::
::: Search - By default this is a case sensitive JScript (ECMA) regular
::: expression expressed as a string.
:::
::: JScript syntax documentation is available at
::: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ae5bf541(v=vs.80).aspx
:::
::: Replace - By default this is the string to be used as a replacement for
::: each found search expression. Full support is provided for
::: substituion patterns available to the JScript replace method.
::: A $ literal can be escaped as $$. An empty replacement string
::: must be represented as "".
:::
::: Replace substitution pattern syntax is documented at
::: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/efy6s3e6(v=vs.80).aspx
:::
::: Options - An optional string of characters used to alter the behavior
::: of REPL. The option characters are case insensitive, and may
::: appear in any order.
:::
::: I - Makes the search case-insensitive.
:::
::: L - The Search is treated as a string literal instead of a
::: regular expression. Also, all $ found in Replace are
::: treated as $ literals.
:::
::: E - Search and Replace represent the name of environment
::: variables that contain the respective values. An undefined
::: variable is treated as an empty string.
:::
::: M - Multi-line mode. The entire contents of stdin is read and
::: processed in one pass instead of line by line. ^ anchors
::: the beginning of a line and $ anchors the end of a line.
:::
::: X - Enables extended substitution pattern syntax with support
::: for the following escape sequences:
:::
::: \\ - Backslash
::: \b - Backspace
::: \f - Formfeed
::: \n - Newline
::: \r - Carriage Return
::: \t - Horizontal Tab
::: \v - Vertical Tab
::: \xnn - Ascii (Latin 1) character expressed as 2 hex digits
::: \unnnn - Unicode character expressed as 4 hex digits
:::
::: Escape sequences are supported even when the L option is used.
:::
::: S - The source is read from an environment variable instead of
::: from stdin. The name of the source environment variable is
::: specified in the next argument after the option string.
:::
::************ Batch portion ***********
@echo off
if .%2 equ . (
if "%~1" equ "/?" (
findstr "^:::" "%~f0" | cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" "^:::" ""
exit /b 0
) else (
call :err "Insufficient arguments"
exit /b 1
)
)
echo(%~3|findstr /i "[^SMILEX]" >nul && (
call :err "Invalid option(s)"
exit /b 1
)
cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" %*
exit /b 0
:err
>&2 echo ERROR: %~1. Use REPL /? to get help.
exit /b
************* JScript portion **********/
var env=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell").Environment("Process");
var args=WScript.Arguments;
var search=args.Item(0);
var replace=args.Item(1);
var options="g";
if (args.length>2) {
options+=args.Item(2).toLowerCase();
}
var multi=(options.indexOf("m")>=0);
var srcVar=(options.indexOf("s")>=0);
if (srcVar) {
options=options.replace(/s/g,"");
}
if (options.indexOf("e")>=0) {
options=options.replace(/e/g,"");
search=env(search);
replace=env(replace);
}
if (options.indexOf("l")>=0) {
options=options.replace(/l/g,"");
search=search.replace(/([.^$*+?()[{\\|])/g,"\\$1");
replace=replace.replace(/\$/g,"$$$$");
}
if (options.indexOf("x")>=0) {
options=options.replace(/x/g,"");
replace=replace.replace(/\\\\/g,"\\B");
replace=replace.replace(/\\b/g,"\b");
replace=replace.replace(/\\f/g,"\f");
replace=replace.replace(/\\n/g,"\n");
replace=replace.replace(/\\r/g,"\r");
replace=replace.replace(/\\t/g,"\t");
replace=replace.replace(/\\v/g,"\v");
replace=replace.replace(/\\x[0-9a-fA-F]{2}|\\u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}/g,
function($0,$1,$2){
return String.fromCharCode(parseInt("0x"+$0.substring(2)));
}
);
replace=replace.replace(/\\B/g,"\\");
}
var search=new RegExp(search,options);
if (srcVar) {
WScript.Stdout.Write(env(args.Item(3)).replace(search,replace));
} else {
while (!WScript.StdIn.AtEndOfStream) {
if (multi) {
WScript.Stdout.Write(WScript.StdIn.ReadAll().replace(search,replace));
} else {
WScript.Stdout.WriteLine(WScript.StdIn.ReadLine().replace(search,replace));
}
}
}
我有一个基于 Ruby 脚本的解决方案，可以从控制台执行。