15

我的代码中有这个模型:

class Conversation(models.Model):
    participants = models.ManyToManyField(User, related_name="message_participants")

我需要通过“参与者”多对多字段过滤这个“对话”模型对象。含义:例如,我有 3 个用户对象,所以我想检索在其“参与者”字段中具有这 3 个用户的唯一“对话”对象。

我试过这样做:

def get_exist_conv_or_none(sender,recipients):
    conv = Conversation.objects.filter(participants=sender)
    for rec in recipients:
        conv = conv.filter(participants=rec)

其中 sender 是 User 对象,“recipients”是 User 对象的列表。它不会引发错误,但它给了我错误的对话对象。谢谢。

编辑:最近的一次尝试让我明白了这一点:

def get_exist_conv_or_none(sender,recipients):
    participants=recipients
    participants.append(sender)
    conv = Conversation.objects.filter(participants__in=participants)
    return conv

基本上有同样的问题。它产生在列表中具有一个或多个“参与者”的对象。但我正在寻找的是多对多对象的精确匹配。意思是,一个具有精确“用户”的对象是多对多关系。

编辑2:我的最后一次尝试。仍然,不会工作。

def get_exist_conv_or_none(sender,recipients):
    recipients.append(sender)
    recipients = list(set(recipients))
    conv = Conversation.objects.annotate(count=Count('participants')).filter(participants=recipients[0])
    for participant in recipients[1:]:
        conv.filter(participants=participant)
    conv.filter(count=len(recipients))
    return conv
4

2 回答 2

10

好的,所以我找到了答案:为了进行完全匹配,我必须对模型进行链式过滤,然后确保它具有所需的确切数量的参数,以便多对多字段包含在它是所有需要的对象,仅此而已。

我将使用注释检查对象编号:(https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/db/aggregation/

结束了这段代码:

def get_exist_conv_or_none(recipients):
    conv = Conversation.objects.annotate(count=Count('participants')).filter(participants=recipients[0])
    for participant in recipients[1:]:
        conv = conv.filter(participants=participant)
    conv = conv.filter(count=len(recipients))
    return conv
于 2012-11-27T17:26:32.167 回答
3

为了使用数据库索引进行快速搜索,我使用以下代码:

class YandexWordstatQueue(models.Model):
    regions = models.ManyToManyField(YandexRegion)
    regions_cached = models.CharField(max_length=10000, editable=False, db_index=True)
    phrase = models.ForeignKey(SearchPhrase, db_index=True)
    tstamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

class YandexWordstatRecord(models.Model):
    regions = models.ManyToManyField(YandexRegion)
    regions_cached = models.CharField(max_length=10000, editable=False, db_index=True)
    phrase = models.ForeignKey(SearchPhrase, db_index=True)
    Shows = models.IntegerField()
    date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)

@receiver(m2m_changed, sender=YandexWordstatRecord.regions.through)
@receiver(m2m_changed, sender=YandexWordstatQueue.regions.through)
def yandexwordstat_regions_changed(sender, **kwargs):
    if kwargs.get('action') in ['post_add', 'post_remove']:
        instance = kwargs.get('instance')
        l = list(instance.regions.values_list('RegionID', flat=True))
        l.sort()
        instance.regions_cached = json.dumps(l)
        instance.save()

这会在保存时增加开销,但现在我可以使用此代码段执行快速过滤:

region_ids = [1, 2, 3] # or list(some_queryset.values_list(...))
region_ids.sort()
regions_cahed = json.dumps(region_ids)
YandexWordstatQueue.objects.filter(regions_cached=regions_cached)
于 2013-01-13T13:56:12.863 回答