首先，非常感谢您的帮助。我是一个编程新手，我正在尝试开始学习这个 Ruby on Rails 教程 (http://ruby.railstutorial.org/ruby-on-rails-tutorial-book?version=3.2)
我已经尝试解决这个问题大约 7 个小时了，因为我没有任何头发可以拔出，所以我正在转向这些神圣的页面。我一次又一次地在这里寻找解决方案。
系统：Mac OS X 10.7.5 Leopard，Xcode 4.5.2
我安装了 homebrew 并多次更新我使用 homebrew 安装 rvm 并多次更新它我安装了 git
系统上的标准 ruby（使用 $ ruby -v 检查）是 1.8.7
我的问题是每次我尝试使用 rvm 安装新版本的 Ruby ($ rvm install 1.9.3) 时都会出现以下错误：
Ruby (and needed base gems) for your selection will be installed shortly.
Before it happens, please read and execute the instructions below.
Please use a separate terminal to execute any additional commands.
Notes for Mac OS X 10.7.5, Xcode 4.5.2.
For JRuby: Install the JDK. See http://developer.apple.com/java/download/ # Current Java version "1.6.0_26"
For IronRuby: Install Mono >= 2.6
For Ruby 1.9.3: Install libksba # If using Homebrew, 'brew install libksba'
For Opal: Install Nodejs with NPM. See http://nodejs.org/download/
To use an RVM installed Ruby as default, instead of the system ruby:
rvm install 1.8.7 # installs patch 357: closest supported version
rvm system ; rvm gemset export system.gems ; rvm 1.8.7 ; rvm gemset import system.gems # migrate your gems
rvm alias create default 1.8.7
And reopen your terminal windows.
Xcode and gcc:
:
我已经执行了 $ brew install libksba ，当我再次尝试执行此操作时，它告诉我 libksba 已经安装。
当我输入“$ rvm requirements”时，我得到：
Notes for Mac OS X 10.7.5, Xcode 4.5.2.
For JRuby: Install the JDK. See http://developer.apple.com/java/download/ # Current Java version "1.6.0_26"
For IronRuby: Install Mono >= 2.6
For Ruby 1.9.3: Install libksba # If using Homebrew, 'brew install libksba'
For Opal: Install Nodejs with NPM. See http://nodejs.org/download/
To use an RVM installed Ruby as default, instead of the system ruby:
rvm install 1.8.7 # installs patch 357: closest supported version
rvm system ; rvm gemset export system.gems ; rvm 1.8.7 ; rvm gemset import system.gems # migrate your gems
rvm alias create default 1.8.7
And reopen your terminal windows.
Xcode and gcc:
Right now Ruby requires gcc to compile, but Xcode 4.2 and later no longer ship with gcc. Instead they ship with llvm-gcc (to which gcc is a symlink) and clang, neither of which are supported for building Ruby. Xcode 4.1 was the last version to ship gcc, which was /usr/bin/gcc-4.2.
Xcode 4.1 and earlier:
- Ruby will build fine.
Xcode 4.2 and later (including Command Line Tools for Xcode):
- If you have gcc-4.2 (and friends) from an earlier Xcode version, Ruby will build fine.
- If you don't have gcc-4.2, you have two options to get it:
* Install apple-gcc42 from Homebrew
* Install osx-gcc-installer
Homebrew:
If you are using Homebrew, you can install the apple-gcc42 and required libraries from homebrew/dupes:
brew update
brew tap homebrew/dupes
brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
rvm pkg install openssl
Xcode 4.2+ install or/and Command Line Tools for Xcode is required to provide make and other tools.
osx-gcc-installer:
If you don't use Homebrew, you can download and install osx-gcc-installer: https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer.
Warning: Installing osx-gcc-installer on top of a recent Xcode is known to cause problems, so you must uninstall Xcode before installing osx-gcc-installer. Afterwards you may install Xcode 4.2+ or Command Line Tools for Xcode if you desire.
** NOTE: Currently, Node.js is having issues building with osx-gcc-installer. The only fix is to install Xcode over osx-gcc-installer.
所以我假设我必须做一些事情 brew update brew tap homebrew/dupes brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42 rvm pkg install openssl
一切似乎都正常，直到“$ rvm pkg install openssl”返回：
Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/openssl/make.log
Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:
rvm reinstall all --force
Updating openssl certificates
Error running 'update_openssl_certs', please read /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/openssl.certs.log
Johns-MacBook-Pro:~ thierinvestmentservices$ rvm pkg install openssl
Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/openssl/make.log
Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:
rvm reinstall all --force
Updating openssl certificates
Error running 'update_openssl_certs', please read /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/openssl.certs.log
make.log 读取
"[2012-11-23 13:15:28] make
/Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/scripts/functions/utility: line 116: make: command not found"
和 openssl.certs.log 读取
"[2012-11-23 14:04:04] update_openssl_certs
update_openssl_certs ()
{
( chpwd_functions="" builtin cd $rvm_usr_path/ssl && command curl -O http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem && mv cacert.pem cert.pem )
}
current path: /Users/thierinvestmentservices
command(1): update_openssl_certs
/Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/scripts/functions/pkg: line 205: cd: /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/usr/ssl: No such file or directory"
在这一点上，这些字母也可能是我不知道发生了什么的翅膀。我试图用我在一个论坛帖子上看到的东西安装 rvm make，但我收到了一堆警告。如果有人有任何建议，我将不胜感激，我完全无法理解。
根据下面的建议，我尝试重新安装 rvm。键入“rvm reinstall all --force”没有做任何事情（它只是给了我一个新的终端行）。因此，我进行了搜索并使用了 rvm implode，然后按照https://rvm.io/rvm/install/重新安装了从 rvm 安装中得到以下消息：
......
Error running '__rvm_package extract /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/archives/yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/src', please read /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/extract.log
There has been an error while trying to extract the source. Halting the installation.
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your connection...
tee: /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/fetch.log: Permission denied
/Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/scripts/functions/utility: line 116: /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/fetch.log: Permission denied
Error running '/Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/scripts/fetch http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.3-p327.tar.bz2', please read /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/fetch.log
There has been an error fetching the ruby interpreter. Halting the installation.
ruby-1.9.3-p327 is not installed.
Creating alias default for ruby-1.9.3-p327.
Recording alias default for ruby-1.9.3-p327.
Creating default links/files
ruby-1.9.3-p327 is not installed.
Could not load ruby ruby-1.9.3-p327.
/Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/scripts/alias: line 111: /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327/bin/ruby: No such file or directory
* To start using RVM you need to run `source /Users/thierinvestmentservices/.rvm/scripts/rvm`
in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.
* To start using rails you need to run `rails new <project_dir>`.
rvm install 1.9.3 将我带到与以前相同的位置：
Ruby (and needed base gems) for your selection will be installed shortly.
Before it happens, please read and execute the instructions below.
Please use a separate terminal to execute any additional commands.
Notes for Mac OS X 10.7.5, Xcode 4.5.2.
For JRuby: Install the JDK. See http://developer.apple.com/java/download/ # Current Java version "1.6.0_26"
For IronRuby: Install Mono >= 2.6
For Ruby 1.9.3: Install libksba # If using Homebrew, 'brew install libksba'
For Opal: Install Nodejs with NPM. See http://nodejs.org/download/
To use an RVM installed Ruby as default, instead of the system ruby:
rvm install 1.8.7 # installs patch 357: closest supported version
rvm system ; rvm gemset export system.gems ; rvm 1.8.7 ; rvm gemset import system.gems # migrate your gems
rvm alias create default 1.8.7
And reopen your terminal windows.
Xcode and gcc:
:
rvm requirements 和 rvm pkg install openssl 也让我到了同一个地方。最佳，J