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我是 Rails 新手，不知道如何继续。我正在尝试完成“RailsS​​pace”一书，但在有关测试的部分中遇到了错误。（任何可能拥有这本书的人的第 119 页）

导轨 3.2.8

红宝石 1.9.3p194

在控制台中运行时：

@error_messages = ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages; 0

我收到此错误：

NameError: 未初始化的常量 ActiveRecord::Errors

跑步时rake test:units

我得到：

DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/Rakefile:7)
DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/config/environment.rb:5)
Run options: 


# Running tests:

EEEEE

Finished tests in 0.108070s, 46.2663 tests/s, 0.0000 assertions/s.

  1) Error:
test_screen_name_maximum_length(UserTest):
NameError: uninitialized constant ActiveRecord::Errors
    /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/test/unit/user_test.rb:7:in `setup'

  2) Error:
test_screen_name_minimum_length(UserTest):
NameError: uninitialized constant ActiveRecord::Errors
    /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/test/unit/user_test.rb:7:in `setup'

  3) Error:
test_uniqueness_of_screen_name_and_email(UserTest):
NameError: uninitialized constant ActiveRecord::Errors
    /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/test/unit/user_test.rb:7:in `setup'

  4) Error:
test_user_invalidity(UserTest):
NameError: uninitialized constant ActiveRecord::Errors
    /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/test/unit/user_test.rb:7:in `setup'

  5) Error:
test_user_validity(UserTest):
NameError: uninitialized constant ActiveRecord::Errors
    /Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/test/unit/user_test.rb:7:in `setup'

5 tests, 0 assertions, 0 failures, 5 errors, 0 skips
rake aborted!
Command failed with status (5): [/Users/home/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bi...]

Tasks: TOP => test:units

我的user_test.rb文件如下所示：

require 'test_helper'

class UserTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase


  def setup 
    @error_messages = ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages
    @valid_user = users(:valid_user)
    @invalid_user = users(:invalid_user)
  end

  #This user should be valid by construction.
  def test_user_validity
    assert @valid_user.valid?
  end

  #This user should be invalid by construction.
  def test_user_invalidity
    assert !@invalid_user.valid?
    attributes = [:screen_name, :email, :password]
    attributes.each do |attribute|
      #assert @invalid_user.errors.invalid?(attribute) OLD CODE DOES NOT WORK IN RAILS3
       assert @invalid_user.invalid?(attribute)
    end
  end

  def test_uniqueness_of_screen_name_and_email
    user_repeat = User.new( :screen_name => @valid_user.screen_name,
                            :email       => @valid_user.email,
                            :password    => @valid_user.password)
    assert !user_repeat.valid?
    assert_equal @error_messages[:taken], user_repeat.errors.on(:screen_name)
    assert_equal @error_messages[:taken], user_repeat.errors.on(:email)

  end

  #MAKE SURE THE SCREEN NAME CAN'T BE TO SHORT
  def test_screen_name_minimum_length
    user = @valid_user
    min_length = User::SCREEN_NAME_MIN_LENGTH

    #Screen name is too short.
    user.screen_name = "a" * (min_length - 1)
    assert !user.valid?, "#{user.screen_name} should raise a minimum length error"
    #Format the error message based on minimum length.
    correct_error_message = sprintf(@error_messages[:too_short], min_length)
    assert_equal correct_error_message, user.errors.on(:screen_name)

    #Screen name is minimum length.
    user.screen_name = "a" * min_length
    assert user.valid?, "#{user.screen_name} should be just long enough to pass"
  end

  #MAKE SURE THE SCREEN NAME CAN'T BE TOO LONG
  def test_screen_name_maximum_length
      user = @valid_user
      max_length = User::SCREEN_NAME_MAX_LENGTH

      # Screen name is too long.
      user.screen_name = "a" * (min_length + 1)
    assert !user.valid?, "#{user.screen_name} should raise a maximum length error"
    #Format the error message based on maximum length.
    correct_error_message = sprintf(@error_messages[:too_long], max_length)
    assert_equal correct_error_message, user.errors.on(:screen_name)

    #Screen name is maximumlength.
    user.screen_name = "a" * max_length
    assert user.valid?, "#{user.screen_name} should be just short enough to pass"
  end
end

根据错误信息"/Users/home/rails_projects/retrospection/test/unit/user_test.rb:7:in `setup'"导致问题的行是

@error_messages = ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages
4

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