下面的代码示例显示了来自 The RSpec Book 中控制器规范一章的重构:
require 'spec_helper'
describe MessagesController do
describe "POST create" do
it "creates a new message" do
message = mock_model(Message).as_null_object
Message.should_receive(:new).
with("text" => "a quick brown fox").
and_return(message)
post :create, :message => { "text" => "a quick brown fox" }
end
it "saves the message" do
message = mock_model(Message)
Message.stub(:new).and_return(message)
message.should_receive(:save)
post :create
end
it "redirects to the Messages index" do
post :create
response.should redirect_to(:action => "index")
end
end
end
require 'spec_helper'
describe MessagesController do
describe "POST create" do
let(:message) { mock_model(Message).as_null_object }
before do
Message.stub(:new).and_return(message)
end
it "creates a new message" do
Message.should_receive(:new).
with("text" => "a quick brown fox").
and_return(message)
post :create, :message => { "text" => "a quick brown fox" }
end
it "saves the message" do
message.should_receive(:save)
post :create
end
it "redirects to the Messages index" do
post :create
response.should redirect_to(:action => "index")
end
end
end
我有一些问题:
1) 我理解使用 let 块的好处,因为创建和保存的测试都使用 mock_model。但是,我不明白 before 块的好处。如果只有保存测试需要存根,为什么不将代码保留在测试中,而不是将其移动到在每个测试之前运行的 before 块?
2) 更根本的是,前块是否会干扰创建测试指定的内容?创建测试表明 Message 应该接收带有一些参数的新消息,然后使用 post :create 对其进行测试。但是,如果 before 块只是取消对 new 的调用,那不是短路了创建测试中的 should_receive 断言吗?也许我不明白 stub 和 should_receive 是如何交互的。