我想提取 XML 文件的一部分并记下我提取了该文件中的某些部分,例如“这里提取了一些东西”。
我正在尝试对 Nokogiri 执行此操作,但似乎并没有真正记录如何:
- 删除 a 的所有孩子
<Nokogiri::XML::Element>
- 更改该
inner_text
完整元素的
有什么线索吗?
Nokogiri 使这很容易。以本文档为例,以下代码将查找所有vitamins
标签,删除其子项(以及子项的子项等),并将其内部文本更改为“已删除子项”:
require 'nokogiri'
io = File.open('sample.xml', 'r')
doc = Nokogiri::XML(io)
io.close
doc.search('//vitamins').each do |node|
node.children.remove
node.content = 'Children removed.'
end
一个给定的food
节点会变成这样:
<food>
<name>Avocado Dip</name>
<mfr>Sunnydale</mfr>
<serving units="g">29</serving>
<calories total="110" fat="100"/>
<total-fat>11</total-fat>
<saturated-fat>3</saturated-fat>
<cholesterol>5</cholesterol>
<sodium>210</sodium>
<carb>2</carb>
<fiber>0</fiber>
<protein>1</protein>
<vitamins>
<a>0</a>
<c>0</c>
</vitamins>
<minerals>
<ca>0</ca>
<fe>0</fe>
</minerals>
</food>
对此:
<food>
<name>Avocado Dip</name>
<mfr>Sunnydale</mfr>
<serving units="g">29</serving>
<calories total="110" fat="100"/>
<total-fat>11</total-fat>
<saturated-fat>3</saturated-fat>
<cholesterol>5</cholesterol>
<sodium>210</sodium>
<carb>2</carb>
<fiber>0</fiber>
<protein>1</protein>
<vitamins>Children removed.</vitamins>
<minerals>
<ca>0</ca>
<fe>0</fe>
</minerals>
</food>
前面的 Nokogiri 示例让我朝着正确的方向前进,但使用doc.search
了 left a malformed //vitamins
,所以我使用了 CSS:
require "rubygems"
require "nokogiri"
f = File.open("food.xml")
doc = Nokogiri::XML(f)
doc.css("food vitamins").each do |node|
puts "\r\n[debug] Before: vitamins= \r\n#{node}"
node.children.remove
node.content = "Children removed"
puts "\r\n[debug] After: vitamins=\r\n#{node}"
end
f.close
结果是:
debug] Before: vitamins=
<vitamins>
<a>0</a>
<c>0</c>
</vitamins>
[debug] After: vitamins=
<vitamins>Children removed</vitamins>
你可以这样做:
doc=Nokogiri::XML(your_document)
note=doc.search("note") # find all tags with the node_name "note"
note.remove
虽然这会删除<note>
标记中的所有子项,但我不确定如何“更改所有注释元素的 inner_text”。我认为inner_text
不适用于 Nokogiri::XML::Element。
这是我要做的:
首先解析一些 XML:
require 'nokogiri'
doc = Nokogiri::XML(<<EOT)
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="nutrition.css"?>
<nutrition>
<daily-values>
<total-fat units="g">65</total-fat>
<saturated-fat units="g">20</saturated-fat>
<cholesterol units="mg">300</cholesterol>
<sodium units="mg">2400</sodium>
<carb units="g">300</carb>
<fiber units="g">25</fiber>
<protein units="g">50</protein>
</daily-values>
<food>
<name>Avocado Dip</name>
<mfr>Sunnydale</mfr>
<serving units="g">29</serving>
<calories total="110" fat="100"/>
<total-fat>11</total-fat>
<saturated-fat>3</saturated-fat>
<cholesterol>5</cholesterol>
<sodium>210</sodium>
<carb>2</carb>
<fiber>0</fiber>
<protein>1</protein>
<vitamins>
<a>0</a>
<c>0</c>
</vitamins>
<minerals>
<ca>0</ca>
<fe>0</fe>
</minerals>
</food>
</nutrition>
EOT
如果我想删除一个节点的内容,我可以删除它children
或将 nil 分配给它的内容:
doc.at('total-fat').to_xml # => "<total-fat units=\"g\">65</total-fat>"
doc.at('total-fat').children.remove
doc.at('total-fat').to_xml # => "<total-fat units=\"g\"/>"
或者:
doc.at('saturated-fat').to_xml # => "<saturated-fat units=\"g\">20</saturated-fat>"
doc.at('saturated-fat').content = nil
doc.at('saturated-fat').to_xml # => "<saturated-fat units=\"g\"/>"
如果我想从节点中提取文本以使用其他方式:
food = doc.at('food').text
# => "\n Avocado Dip\n Sunnydale\n 29\n \n 11\n 3\n 5\n 210\n 2\n 0\n 1\n \n 0\n 0\n \n \n 0\n 0\n \n "
或者:
food = doc.at('food').children.map(&:text)
# => ["\n ",
# "Avocado Dip",
# "\n ",
# "Sunnydale",
# "\n ",
# "29",
# "\n ",
# "",
# "\n ",
# "11",
# "\n ",
# "3",
# "\n ",
# "5",
# "\n ",
# "210",
# "\n ",
# "2",
# "\n ",
# "0",
# "\n ",
# "1",
# "\n ",
# "\n 0\n 0\n ",
# "\n ",
# "\n 0\n 0\n ",
# "\n "]
或者你想破坏文本。
而且,如果您想标记您已删除文本:
doc.at('food').content = 'REMOVED'
doc.at('food').to_xml # => "<food>REMOVED</food>"
您也可以改用 XML 注释:
doc.at('food').children = '<!-- REMOVED -->'
doc.at('food').to_xml # => "<food>\n <!-- REMOVED -->\n</food>"