下面的代码使用不安全的GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving
扩展Data.Set
通过插入具有不同Ord
实例的不同元素来中断:
{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
import Data.Set
import System.Random
class AlaInt i where
fromIntSet :: Set Integer -> Set i
toIntSet :: Set i -> Set Integer
instance AlaInt Integer where
fromIntSet = id
toIntSet = id
newtype I = I Integer deriving (Eq, Show, AlaInt)
instance Ord I where compare (I n1) (I n2) = compare n2 n1 -- sic!
insert' :: Integer -> Set Integer -> Set Integer
insert' n s = toIntSet $ insert (I n) $ fromIntSet s
randomInput = take 5000 $ zip (randomRs (0,9) gen) (randoms gen) where
gen = mkStdGen 911
createSet = Prelude.foldr f empty where
f (e,True) = insert e
f (e,False) = insert' e
main = print $ toAscList $ createSet randomInput
代码打印[1,3,5,7,8,6,9,6,4,2,0,9]
。请注意,该列表是无序的并且有9
两次。
是否可以使用其他扩展来执行此字典交换攻击,例如ConstraintKinds
?如果是,是否可以Data.Set
重新设计以抵御此类攻击?