这个问题与这里的前一个问题非常相似:pthread_once() 中的竞争条件?
它本质上是相同的问题 -std::promise
调用期间结束 的生命周期promise::set_value
(即:在关联的未来被标记之后,但在pthread_once
执行之前)
所以我知道我的用法有这个问题,因此我不能以这种方式使用它。但是,我认为这不是显而易见的。(用 Scott Meyer 的话来说:使接口易于正确使用和难以正确使用)
我在下面提供一个示例:
- 我有一个线程 (
dispatcher
),它在队列上旋转,弹出一个“作业”(astd::function
) 并执行它。 - 我有一个名为的实用程序类
synchronous_job
,它会阻塞调用线程,直到在调度程序线程上执行了“作业” std::promise
and是的std::future
成员synchronous_job
- 一旦future
设置了,被阻塞的调用线程继续,这导致synchronous_job
从堆栈中弹出并被破坏。- 不幸的是,此时在里面
dispatcher
是上下文切换的;已标记,但调用尚未执行,并且 pthread 堆栈以某种方式损坏,这意味着下一次:死锁promise::set_value
future
pthread_once
我希望调用promise::set_value
是原子的;以这种方式使用这些类时,它需要在标记后做更多工作的事实future
将不可避免地导致此类问题。
std::promise
所以我的问题是:如何使用and来实现这种同步,并std::future
保持它们的生命周期与提供这种同步机制的类相关联?
@Jonathan Wakely,您是否可以在内部使用一些 RAII 样式的类,condition_variable
在标记future
? 这意味着即使promise
在调用 的过程中破坏了set_value
,设置条件变量的额外工作也将正确完成。只是一个想法,不知道你是否可以使用它......
下面是一个完整的工作示例,以及死锁应用程序的堆栈跟踪:
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <future>
#include <queue>
struct dispatcher
{
dispatcher()
{
_thread = std::move(std::thread(&dispatcher::loop, this));
}
void post(std::function<void()> job)
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(_mtx);
_jobs.push(job);
_cnd.notify_one();
}
private:
void loop()
{
for (;;)
{
std::function<void()> job;
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(_mtx);
while (_jobs.empty())
_cnd.wait(l);
job.swap(_jobs.front());
_jobs.pop();
}
job();
}
}
std::thread _thread;
std::mutex _mtx;
std::condition_variable _cnd;
std::queue<std::function<void()>> _jobs;
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------
struct synchronous_job
{
synchronous_job(std::function<void()> job, dispatcher& d)
: _job(job)
, _d(d)
, _f(_p.get_future())
{
}
void run()
{
_d.post(std::bind(&synchronous_job::cb, this));
_f.wait();
}
private:
void cb()
{
_job();
_p.set_value();
}
std::function<void()> _job;
dispatcher& _d;
std::promise<void> _p;
std::future<void> _f;
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------
struct test
{
test()
: _count(0)
{
}
void run()
{
synchronous_job job(std::bind(&test::cb, this), _d);
job.run();
}
private:
void cb()
{
std::cout << ++_count << std::endl;
}
int _count;
dispatcher _d;
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------
int main()
{
test t;
for (;;)
{
t.run();
}
}
死锁应用的堆栈跟踪:
线程 1(主线程)
#0 0x00007fa112ed750c in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1 0x00007fa112a308ec in __gthread_cond_wait (__mutex=<optimized out>, __cond=<optimized out>) at /hostname/tmp/syddev/Build/gcc-4.6.2/gcc-build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bits/gthr-default.h:846
#2 std::condition_variable::wait (this=<optimized out>, __lock=...) at ../../../../libstdc++-v3/src/condition_variable.cc:56
#3 0x00000000004291d9 in std::condition_variable::wait<std::__future_base::_State_base::wait()::{lambda()#1}>(std::unique_lock<std::mutex>&, std::__future_base::_State_base::wait()::{lambda()#1}) (this=0x78e050, __lock=..., __p=...) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/condition_variable:93
#4 0x00000000004281a8 in std::__future_base::_State_base::wait (this=0x78e018) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/future:331
#5 0x000000000042a2d6 in std::__basic_future<void>::wait (this=0x7fff0ae515c0) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/future:576
#6 0x0000000000428dd8 in synchronous_job::run (this=0x7fff0ae51580) at /home/lorimer/p4/Main/Source/Trading/Confucius/Test/Scratch/Test1/main.cpp:60
#7 0x0000000000428f97 in test::run (this=0x7fff0ae51660) at /home/lorimer/p4/Main/Source/Trading/Confucius/Test/Scratch/Test1/main.cpp:83
#8 0x0000000000427ad6 in main () at /home/lorimer/p4/Main/Source/Trading/Confucius/Test/Scratch/Test1/main.cpp:99
线程 2(调度程序线程)
#0 0x00007fa112ed8b5b in pthread_once () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1 0x0000000000427946 in __gthread_once (__once=0x78e084, __func=0x4272d0 <__once_proxy@plt>) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.7.0/../../../../include/c++/4.7.0/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bits/gthr-default.h:718
#2 0x000000000042948b in std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_base::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>&, bool&), std::__future_base::_State_base* const, std::reference_wrapper<std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()> >, std::reference_wrapper<bool> >(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_base::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>&, bool&), std::__future_base::_State_base* const&&, std::reference_wrapper<std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()> >&&, std::reference_wrapper<bool>&&) (__once=..., __f=
@0x7fa111ff6be0: (void (std::__future_base::_State_base::*)(std::__future_base::_State_base * const, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter>()> &, bool &)) 0x42848a <std::__future_base::_State_base::_M_do_set(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>&, bool&)>) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/mutex:819
#3 0x000000000042827d in std::__future_base::_State_base::_M_set_result(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>, bool) (this=0x78e018, __res=..., __ignore_failure=false) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/future:362
#4 0x00000000004288d5 in std::promise<void>::set_value (this=0x7fff0ae515a8) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/future:1206
#5 0x0000000000428e2a in synchronous_job::cb (this=0x7fff0ae51580) at /home/lorimer/p4/Main/Source/Trading/Confucius/Test/Scratch/Test1/main.cpp:66
#6 0x000000000042df53 in std::_Mem_fn<void (synchronous_job::*)()>::operator() (this=0x78c6e0, __object=0x7fff0ae51580) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/functional:554
#7 0x000000000042d77c in std::_Bind<std::_Mem_fn<void (synchronous_job::*)()> (synchronous_job*)>::__call<void, , 0ul>(std::tuple<>&&, std::_Index_tuple<0ul>) (this=0x78c6e0, __args=...) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/functional:1156
#8 0x000000000042cb28 in std::_Bind<std::_Mem_fn<void (synchronous_job::*)()> (synchronous_job*)>::operator()<, void>() (this=0x78c6e0) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/functional:1215
#9 0x000000000042b772 in std::_Function_handler<void (), std::_Bind<std::_Mem_fn<void (synchronous_job::*)()> (synchronous_job*)> >::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&) (__functor=...) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/functional:1926
#10 0x0000000000429f2c in std::function<void ()>::operator()() const (this=0x7fa111ff6da0) at /hostname/sdk/gcc470/suse11/x86_64/include/c++/4.7.0/functional:2311
#11 0x0000000000428c3c in dispatcher::loop (this=0x7fff0ae51668) at /home/lorimer/p4/Main/Source/Trading/Confucius/Test/Scratch/Test1/main.cpp:39