我有一个商店名称列表，其中有几千个名称，其中一些包含非标准的美国英语字符，这会造成问题。
例如，我的输入文件如下所示：
store_name
yéché
Ázak
ótndle
我希望输出文件实际上看起来像这样（我认为 Googledocs 做到了，顺便说一句）：
store_name new_store_name
yéché yéché
Ázak Ãzak
ótndle ótndle
把非标准的美式英文字符转换成这种格式的规则大概只有10条左右，所以我在excel中做了对照f来制作。但我希望将来能够在计算上做这样的事情，只是想知道是否有一种使用 Python 的快速方法。需要明确的是，我想做的是：
é become é
Á become Ãi
您的问题很可能与 MS Office 套件的 CP-1252“Windows Unicode”编码有关。如果您将其读取为 ASCII 或 UTF，您将获得时髦的字符。
你可以做两件事：
要在 python 中执行 2，您可以使用以下内容：
#!/usr/bin/python -u
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
##
## cp1252 to UTF-8 decoder
##
## An expansion of the code found at http://effbot.org/zone/unicode-gremlins.htm
##
"""Converts stupid microsoft Windows 1252 characters to actual unicode,
so that the rest of the world can still use it.
"""
import re
## small collection:
#~ cp1252 = {
#~ # from http://www.microsoft.com/typography/unicode/1252.htm
#~ u"\x80": u"\u20AC", # EURO SIGN
#~ u"\x82": u"\u201A", # SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x83": u"\u0192", # LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK
#~ u"\x84": u"\u201E", # DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x85": u"\u2026", # HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS
#~ u"\x86": u"\u2020", # DAGGER
#~ u"\x87": u"\u2021", # DOUBLE DAGGER
#~ u"\x88": u"\u02C6", # MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT
#~ u"\x89": u"\u2030", # PER MILLE SIGN
#~ u"\x8A": u"\u0160", # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON
#~ u"\x8B": u"\u2039", # SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x8C": u"\u0152", # LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE
#~ u"\x8E": u"\u017D", # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON
#~ u"\x91": u"\u2018", # LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x92": u"\u2019", # RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x93": u"\u201C", # LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x94": u"\u201D", # RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x95": u"\u2022", # BULLET
#~ u"\x96": u"\u2013", # EN DASH
#~ u"\x97": u"\u2014", # EM DASH
#~ u"\x98": u"\u02DC", # SMALL TILDE
#~ u"\x99": u"\u2122", # TRADE MARK SIGN
#~ u"\x9A": u"\u0161", # LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
#~ u"\x9B": u"\u203A", # SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
#~ u"\x9C": u"\u0153", # LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE
#~ u"\x9E": u"\u017E", # LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
#~ u"\x9F": u"\u0178", # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS
#~ }
## bigger collection:
cp1252 = {
u"\x80": u"\u20AC", # e282ac
u"\x81": u"\uFFFD", # ` ? efbfbd
u"\x82": u"\u201A", # e2809a
u"\x83": u"\u0192", # à à c692
u"\x84": u"\u201E", # Ġ Ġ e2809e
u"\x85": u"\u2026", # Š Š e280a6
u"\x86": u"\u2020", # Ơ Ơ e280a0
u"\x87": u"\u2021", # Ǡ Ǡ e280a1
u"\x88": u"\u02C6", # Ƞ Ƞ cb86
u"\x89": u"\u2030", # ɠ ɠ e280b0
u"\x8a": u"\u0160", # ʠ ʠ c5a0
u"\x8b": u"\u2039", # ˠ ˠ e280b9
u"\x8c": u"\u0152", # ̠ ̠ c592
u"\x8d": u"\uFFFD", # ͠ ? efbfbd
u"\x8e": u"\u017D", # Π Π c5bd
u"\x8f": u"\uFFFD", # Ϡ ? efbfbd
u"\x90": u"\uFFFD", # Р ? efbfbd
u"\x91": u"\u2018", # Ѡ Ѡ e28098
u"\x92": u"\u2019", # Ҡ Ҡ e28099
u"\x93": u"\u201C", # Ӡ Ӡ e2809c
u"\x94": u"\u201D", # Ԡ Ԡ e2809d
u"\x95": u"\u2022", # ՠ ՠ e280a2
u"\x96": u"\u2013", # ֠ ֠ e28093
u"\x97": u"\u2014", # נ נ e28094
u"\x98": u"\u02DC", # ؠ ؠ cb9c
u"\x99": u"\u2122", # ٠ ٠ e284a2
u"\x9a": u"\u0161", # ڠ ڠ c5a1
u"\x9b": u"\u203A", # ۠ ۠ e280ba
u"\x9c": u"\u0153", # ܠ ܠ c593
u"\x9d": u"\uFFFD", # ݠ ? efbfbd
u"\x9e": u"\u017E", # ޠ ޠ c5be
u"\x9f": u"\u0178", # ߠ ߠ c5b8
u"\xa0": u"\u00A0", # c2a0
u"\xa1": u"\u00A1", # ` ` c2a1
u"\xa2": u"\u00A2", # c2a2
u"\xa3": u"\u00A3", # à à c2a3
u"\xa4": u"\u00A4", # Ġ Ġ c2a4
u"\xa5": u"\u00A5", # Š Š c2a5
u"\xa6": u"\u00A6", # Ơ Ơ c2a6
u"\xa7": u"\u00A7", # Ǡ Ǡ c2a7
u"\xa8": u"\u00A8", # Ƞ Ƞ c2a8
u"\xa9": u"\u00A9", # ɠ ɠ c2a9
u"\xaa": u"\u00AA", # ʠ ʠ c2aa
u"\xab": u"\u00AB", # ˠ ˠ c2ab
u"\xac": u"\u00AC", # ̠ ̠ c2ac
u"\xad": u"\u00AD", # ͠ ͠ c2ad
u"\xae": u"\u00AE", # Π Π c2ae
u"\xaf": u"\u00AF", # Ϡ Ϡ c2af
u"\xb0": u"\u00B0", # Р Р c2b0
u"\xb1": u"\u00B1", # Ѡ Ѡ c2b1
u"\xb2": u"\u00B2", # Ҡ Ҡ c2b2
u"\xb3": u"\u00B3", # Ӡ Ӡ c2b3
u"\xb4": u"\u00B4", # Ԡ Ԡ c2b4
u"\xb5": u"\u00B5", # ՠ ՠ c2b5
u"\xb6": u"\u00B6", # ֠ ֠ c2b6
u"\xb7": u"\u00B7", # נ נ c2b7
u"\xb8": u"\u00B8", # ؠ ؠ c2b8
u"\xb9": u"\u00B9", # ٠ ٠ c2b9
u"\xba": u"\u00BA", # ڠ ڠ c2ba
u"\xbb": u"\u00BB", # ۠ ۠ c2bb
u"\xbc": u"\u00BC", # ܠ ܠ c2bc
u"\xbd": u"\u00BD", # ݠ ݠ c2bd
u"\xbe": u"\u00BE", # ޠ ޠ c2be
u"\xbf": u"\u00BF", # ߠ ߠ c2bf
u"\xc0": u"\u00C0", # c380
u"\xc1": u"\u00C1", # ` ` c381
u"\xc2": u"\u00C2", # c382
u"\xc3": u"\u00C3", # à à c383
u"\xc4": u"\u00C4", # Ġ Ġ c384
u"\xc5": u"\u00C5", # Š Š c385
u"\xc6": u"\u00C6", # Ơ Ơ c386
u"\xc7": u"\u00C7", # Ǡ Ǡ c387
u"\xc8": u"\u00C8", # Ƞ Ƞ c388
u"\xc9": u"\u00C9", # ɠ ɠ c389
u"\xca": u"\u00CA", # ʠ ʠ c38a
u"\xcb": u"\u00CB", # ˠ ˠ c38b
u"\xcc": u"\u00CC", # ̠ ̠ c38c
u"\xcd": u"\u00CD", # ͠ ͠ c38d
u"\xce": u"\u00CE", # Π Π c38e
u"\xcf": u"\u00CF", # Ϡ Ϡ c38f
u"\xd0": u"\u00D0", # Р Р c390
u"\xd1": u"\u00D1", # Ѡ Ѡ c391
u"\xd2": u"\u00D2", # Ҡ Ҡ c392
u"\xd3": u"\u00D3", # Ӡ Ӡ c393
u"\xd4": u"\u00D4", # Ԡ Ԡ c394
u"\xd5": u"\u00D5", # ՠ ՠ c395
u"\xd6": u"\u00D6", # ֠ ֠ c396
u"\xd7": u"\u00D7", # נ נ c397
u"\xd8": u"\u00D8", # ؠ ؠ c398
u"\xd9": u"\u00D9", # ٠ ٠ c399
u"\xda": u"\u00DA", # ڠ ڠ c39a
u"\xdb": u"\u00DB", # ۠ ۠ c39b
u"\xdc": u"\u00DC", # ܠ ܠ c39c
u"\xdd": u"\u00DD", # ݠ ݠ c39d
u"\xde": u"\u00DE", # ޠ ޠ c39e
u"\xdf": u"\u00DF", # ߠ ߠ c39f
u"\xe0": u"\u00E0", # ࠠ ࠠ c3a0
u"\xe1": u"\u00E1", # ᠠ ᠠ c3a1
u"\xe2": u"\u00E2", # ⠠ ⠠ c3a2
u"\xe3": u"\u00E3", # 㠠 㠠 c3a3
u"\xe4": u"\u00E4", # 䠠 䠠 c3a4
u"\xe5": u"\u00E5", # 堠 堠 c3a5
u"\xe6": u"\u00E6", # 栠 栠 c3a6
u"\xe7": u"\u00E7", # 砠 砠 c3a7
u"\xe8": u"\u00E8", # 蠠 蠠 c3a8
u"\xe9": u"\u00E9", # 頠 頠 c3a9
u"\xea": u"\u00EA", # ꠠ ꠠ c3aa
u"\xeb": u"\u00EB", # 렠 렠 c3ab
u"\xec": u"\u00EC", # 젠 젠 c3ac
u"\xed": u"\u00ED", # �� �� c3ad
u"\xee": u"\u00EE", # c3ae
u"\xef": u"\u00EF", # c3af
u"\xf0": u"\u00F0", # c3b0
u"\xf1": u"\u00F1", # c3b1
u"\xf2": u"\u00F2", # c3b2
u"\xf3": u"\u00F3", # c3b3
u"\xf4": u"\u00F4", # ���� ���� c3b4
u"\xf5": u"\u00F5", # ���� ���� c3b5
u"\xf6": u"\u00F6", # ���� ���� c3b6
u"\xf7": u"\u00F7", # ���� ���� c3b7
u"\xf8": u"\u00F8", # c3b8
u"\xf9": u"\u00F9", # c3b9
u"\xfa": u"\u00FA", # c3ba
u"\xfb": u"\u00FB", # c3bb
u"\xfc": u"\u00FC", # ���� ���� c3bc
u"\xfd": u"\u00FD", # ���� ���� c3bd
u"\xfe": u"\u00FE", # ���� ���� c3be
u"\xff": u"\u00FF", # ���� ���� c3bf
}
def killgremlins(text):
# map cp1252 gremlins to real unicode characters
if re.search(u"[\x80-\xff]", text):
def fixup(m):
s = m.group(0)
return cp1252.get(s, s)
if isinstance(text, type("")):
# make sure we have a unicode string
text = unicode(text, "iso-8859-1")
text = re.sub(u"[\x80-\xff]", fixup, text)
return text
您可以使用decode 和 encode：
print a
péché
Álak
óundle
print a.decode('latin9').encode('utf8'),
péché
Ãlak
óundle
我不得不做相反的事情......