如何正确检查来自 Net::HTTP::Get 的响应(例如)是否“成功”(即 2xx 返回码)?可悲的是,文档似乎对这个简单的问题保持沉默。
我有:
response=Net::HTTP.new( host, port ).request my_get_request # details not important
经过一堆谷歌搜索和近乎随机的打字后,我终于确定这是可行的:
response.class < Net::HTTPSuccess
这实际上是规范的方法吗?
您可以利用 Ruby 的case语句惯用地执行类比较,这要归功于它在底层使用===。
这是一个来自 JSON 客户端的示例,它捕获特定错误但仅返回服务器的消息:
  case response
    when Net::HTTPSuccess
      JSON.parse response.body
    when Net::HTTPUnauthorized
      {'error' => "#{response.message}: username and password set and correct?"}
    when Net::HTTPServerError
      {'error' => "#{response.message}: try again later?"}
    else
      {'error' => response.message}
  end
注意上面的Net::HTTPResponse 父类(例如Net::HTTPServerError)也可以工作。
如果您只想获取外部 API 或网站的 HTTP 状态代码,请尝试Net::HTTP.get_response.
Net::HTTP.get(url)返回一个字符串。您将无法轻松地从中解析标头响应:
url = URI('http://example.com')
string_response = Net::HTTP.get(url)
# => "<!doctype html>\n<html>\n<head>\n    <title>Example Domain</title>\n\n    <meta charset=\"utf-8\" />\n    <meta http-equiv=\"Content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\" />\n    <style type=\"text/css\">\n    body {\n        background-color: #f0f0f2;\n        margin: 0;\n        padding: 0;\n        font-family: \"Open Sans\", \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\n        \n    }\n    div {\n        width: 600px;\n        margin: 5em auto;\n        padding: 50px;\n        background-color: #fff;\n        border-radius: 1em;\n    }\n    a:link, a:visited {\n        color: #38488f;\n        text-decoration: none;\n    }\n    @media (max-width: 700px) {\n        body {\n            background-color: #fff;\n        }\n        div {\n            width: auto;\n            margin: 0 auto;\n            border-radius: 0;\n            padding: 1em;\n        }\n    }\n    </style>    \n</head>\n\n<body>\n<div>\n    <h1>Example Domain</h1>\n    <p>This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You may use this\n    domain in examples without prior coordination or asking for permission.</p>\n    <p><a href=\"http://www.iana.org/domains/example\">More information...</a></p>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n"
string_response.class
# => String
string_response.kind_of? Net::HTTPSuccess
# => false
status_response = Net::HTTP.get_response(url)
# => #<Net::HTTPOK 200 OK readbody=true>
status_response.class
# => Net::HTTPOK
status_response.kind_of? Net::HTTPSuccess
# => true