19

我做了这个功能：

function transliterate(word){

    var answer = "";

    A = new Array();
    A["Ё"]="YO";A["Й"]="I";A["Ц"]="TS";A["У"]="U";A["К"]="K";A["Е"]="E";A["Н"]="N";A["Г"]="G";A["Ш"]="SH";A["Щ"]="SCH";A["З"]="Z";A["Х"]="H";A["Ъ"]="'";
    A["ё"]="yo";A["й"]="i";A["ц"]="ts";A["у"]="u";A["к"]="k";A["е"]="e";A["н"]="n";A["г"]="g";A["ш"]="sh";A["щ"]="sch";A["з"]="z";A["х"]="h";A["ъ"]="'";
    A["Ф"]="F";A["Ы"]="I";A["В"]="V";A["А"]="A";A["П"]="P";A["Р"]="R";A["О"]="O";A["Л"]="L";A["Д"]="D";A["Ж"]="ZH";A["Э"]="E";
    A["ф"]="f";A["ы"]="i";A["в"]="v";A["а"]="a";A["п"]="p";A["р"]="r";A["о"]="o";A["л"]="l";A["д"]="d";A["ж"]="zh";A["э"]="e";
    A["Я"]="YA";A["Ч"]="CH";A["С"]="S";A["М"]="M";A["И"]="I";A["Т"]="T";A["Ь"]="'";A["Б"]="B";A["Ю"]="YU";
    A["я"]="ya";A["ч"]="ch";A["с"]="s";A["м"]="m";A["и"]="i";A["т"]="t";A["ь"]="'";A["б"]="b";A["ю"]="yu";

for (i in word){

    if (A[word[i]] === 'undefined'){
        answer += word[i];
        }
    else {
        answer += A[word[i]];
        }

return answer;
}
}

现在它应该将西里尔文字音译为拉丁文并让拉丁文简单地通过。但它只能在稍后音译第一个，如果是拉丁语，它会给出未定义的答案。谁能给我一个想法，我做错了什么？

4

7 回答 7

55

几件事...

  1. 使用未定义而不是“未定义”
  2. 不要将 return 放在循环中
  3. 使用 hasOwnProperty 过滤掉原型上的函数和属性
  4. 使用 [] 而不是 new Array()
  5. 使用 {} 而不是 []
  6. 使用小写变量而不是大写。大写是为构造函数保留的

这是代码

function transliterate(word){
    var answer = ""
      , a = {};

   a["Ё"]="YO";a["Й"]="I";a["Ц"]="TS";a["У"]="U";a["К"]="K";a["Е"]="E";a["Н"]="N";a["Г"]="G";a["Ш"]="SH";a["Щ"]="SCH";a["З"]="Z";a["Х"]="H";a["Ъ"]="'";
   a["ё"]="yo";a["й"]="i";a["ц"]="ts";a["у"]="u";a["к"]="k";a["е"]="e";a["н"]="n";a["г"]="g";a["ш"]="sh";a["щ"]="sch";a["з"]="z";a["х"]="h";a["ъ"]="'";
   a["Ф"]="F";a["Ы"]="I";a["В"]="V";a["А"]="a";a["П"]="P";a["Р"]="R";a["О"]="O";a["Л"]="L";a["Д"]="D";a["Ж"]="ZH";a["Э"]="E";
   a["ф"]="f";a["ы"]="i";a["в"]="v";a["а"]="a";a["п"]="p";a["р"]="r";a["о"]="o";a["л"]="l";a["д"]="d";a["ж"]="zh";a["э"]="e";
   a["Я"]="Ya";a["Ч"]="CH";a["С"]="S";a["М"]="M";a["И"]="I";a["Т"]="T";a["Ь"]="'";a["Б"]="B";a["Ю"]="YU";
   a["я"]="ya";a["ч"]="ch";a["с"]="s";a["м"]="m";a["и"]="i";a["т"]="t";a["ь"]="'";a["б"]="b";a["ю"]="yu";

   for (i in word){
     if (word.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
       if (a[word[i]] === undefined){
         answer += word[i];
       } else {
         answer += a[word[i]];
       }
     }
   }
   return answer;
}

更功能的一个是这样的......

var a = {"Ё":"YO","Й":"I","Ц":"TS","У":"U","К":"K","Е":"E","Н":"N","Г":"G","Ш":"SH","Щ":"SCH","З":"Z","Х":"H","Ъ":"'","ё":"yo","й":"i","ц":"ts","у":"u","к":"k","е":"e","н":"n","г":"g","ш":"sh","щ":"sch","з":"z","х":"h","ъ":"'","Ф":"F","Ы":"I","В":"V","А":"a","П":"P","Р":"R","О":"O","Л":"L","Д":"D","Ж":"ZH","Э":"E","ф":"f","ы":"i","в":"v","а":"a","п":"p","р":"r","о":"o","л":"l","д":"d","ж":"zh","э":"e","Я":"Ya","Ч":"CH","С":"S","М":"M","И":"I","Т":"T","Ь":"'","Б":"B","Ю":"YU","я":"ya","ч":"ch","с":"s","м":"m","и":"i","т":"t","ь":"'","б":"b","ю":"yu"};

function transliterate(word){
  return word.split('').map(function (char) { 
    return a[char] || char; 
  }).join("");
}
于 2012-07-09T22:28:55.003 回答
21

在我的项目中，我使用这种音译方法：

var transliterate = function(text) {

    text = text
        .replace(/\u0401/g, 'YO')
        .replace(/\u0419/g, 'I')
        .replace(/\u0426/g, 'TS')
        .replace(/\u0423/g, 'U')
        .replace(/\u041A/g, 'K')
        .replace(/\u0415/g, 'E')
        .replace(/\u041D/g, 'N')
        .replace(/\u0413/g, 'G')
        .replace(/\u0428/g, 'SH')
        .replace(/\u0429/g, 'SCH')
        .replace(/\u0417/g, 'Z')
        .replace(/\u0425/g, 'H')
        .replace(/\u042A/g, '')
        .replace(/\u0451/g, 'yo')
        .replace(/\u0439/g, 'i')
        .replace(/\u0446/g, 'ts')
        .replace(/\u0443/g, 'u')
        .replace(/\u043A/g, 'k')
        .replace(/\u0435/g, 'e')
        .replace(/\u043D/g, 'n')
        .replace(/\u0433/g, 'g')
        .replace(/\u0448/g, 'sh')
        .replace(/\u0449/g, 'sch')
        .replace(/\u0437/g, 'z')
        .replace(/\u0445/g, 'h')
        .replace(/\u044A/g, "'")
        .replace(/\u0424/g, 'F')
        .replace(/\u042B/g, 'I')
        .replace(/\u0412/g, 'V')
        .replace(/\u0410/g, 'a')
        .replace(/\u041F/g, 'P')
        .replace(/\u0420/g, 'R')
        .replace(/\u041E/g, 'O')
        .replace(/\u041B/g, 'L')
        .replace(/\u0414/g, 'D')
        .replace(/\u0416/g, 'ZH')
        .replace(/\u042D/g, 'E')
        .replace(/\u0444/g, 'f')
        .replace(/\u044B/g, 'i')
        .replace(/\u0432/g, 'v')
        .replace(/\u0430/g, 'a')
        .replace(/\u043F/g, 'p')
        .replace(/\u0440/g, 'r')
        .replace(/\u043E/g, 'o')
        .replace(/\u043B/g, 'l')
        .replace(/\u0434/g, 'd')
        .replace(/\u0436/g, 'zh')
        .replace(/\u044D/g, 'e')
        .replace(/\u042F/g, 'Ya')
        .replace(/\u0427/g, 'CH')
        .replace(/\u0421/g, 'S')
        .replace(/\u041C/g, 'M')
        .replace(/\u0418/g, 'I')
        .replace(/\u0422/g, 'T')
        .replace(/\u042C/g, "'")
        .replace(/\u0411/g, 'B')
        .replace(/\u042E/g, 'YU')
        .replace(/\u044F/g, 'ya')
        .replace(/\u0447/g, 'ch')
        .replace(/\u0441/g, 's')
        .replace(/\u043C/g, 'm')
        .replace(/\u0438/g, 'i')
        .replace(/\u0442/g, 't')
        .replace(/\u044C/g, "'")
        .replace(/\u0431/g, 'b')
        .replace(/\u044E/g, 'yu');

    return text;
};

运行此示例进行音译：

transliterate('абвгдеёжзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяАБВГДЕЁЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ');

我已经用它们的 unicode 类似物（每个字母以 \u 开头）替换了所有俄语字母，以解决 Javascript 文件中的编码问题。

为了检查执行速度，我选择了这个问题的最佳答案，并将其与我的示例进行了比较。我的方法几次似乎更快（在 Firebug 中为 0.16 毫秒 :-)。

firebug中的速度比较

于 2016-03-30T13:22:35.397 回答
4

请勿将数组用于此任务。不要for in用于迭代字符串。不要检查字符串"undefined"。不要return在for循环内。

function transliterate(word) {
    var A = {};
    var result = '';

    A["Ё"]="YO";A["Й"]="I";A["Ц"]="TS";A["У"]="U";A["К"]="K";A["Е"]="E";A["Н"]="N";A["Г"]="G";A["Ш"]="SH";A["Щ"]="SCH";A["З"]="Z";A["Х"]="H";A["Ъ"]="'";
    A["ё"]="yo";A["й"]="i";A["ц"]="ts";A["у"]="u";A["к"]="k";A["е"]="e";A["н"]="n";A["г"]="g";A["ш"]="sh";A["щ"]="sch";A["з"]="z";A["х"]="h";A["ъ"]="'";
    A["Ф"]="F";A["Ы"]="I";A["В"]="V";A["А"]="A";A["П"]="P";A["Р"]="R";A["О"]="O";A["Л"]="L";A["Д"]="D";A["Ж"]="ZH";A["Э"]="E";
    A["ф"]="f";A["ы"]="i";A["в"]="v";A["а"]="a";A["п"]="p";A["р"]="r";A["о"]="o";A["л"]="l";A["д"]="d";A["ж"]="zh";A["э"]="e";
    A["Я"]="YA";A["Ч"]="CH";A["С"]="S";A["М"]="M";A["И"]="I";A["Т"]="T";A["Ь"]="'";A["Б"]="B";A["Ю"]="YU";
    A["я"]="ya";A["ч"]="ch";A["с"]="s";A["м"]="m";A["и"]="i";A["т"]="t";A["ь"]="'";A["б"]="b";A["ю"]="yu";

    for(var i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
        var c = word.charAt(i);

        result += A[c] || c;
    }

    return result;
}

这是一个 jsFiddle 演示。

于 2012-07-09T22:27:37.307 回答
3

你的主要问题是return在错误的地方。它在你的循环中，所以它在第一次迭代时返回。将其更改为：

function transliterate(word){

    var answer = "";

    A = new Array();
    A["Ё"]="YO";A["Й"]="I";A["Ц"]="TS";A["У"]="U";A["К"]="K";A["Е"]="E";A["Н"]="N";A["Г"]="G";A["Ш"]="SH";A["Щ"]="SCH";A["З"]="Z";A["Х"]="H";A["Ъ"]="'";
    A["ё"]="yo";A["й"]="i";A["ц"]="ts";A["у"]="u";A["к"]="k";A["е"]="e";A["н"]="n";A["г"]="g";A["ш"]="sh";A["щ"]="sch";A["з"]="z";A["х"]="h";A["ъ"]="'";
    A["Ф"]="F";A["Ы"]="I";A["В"]="V";A["А"]="A";A["П"]="P";A["Р"]="R";A["О"]="O";A["Л"]="L";A["Д"]="D";A["Ж"]="ZH";A["Э"]="E";
    A["ф"]="f";A["ы"]="i";A["в"]="v";A["а"]="a";A["п"]="p";A["р"]="r";A["о"]="o";A["л"]="l";A["д"]="d";A["ж"]="zh";A["э"]="e";
    A["Я"]="YA";A["Ч"]="CH";A["С"]="S";A["М"]="M";A["И"]="I";A["Т"]="T";A["Ь"]="'";A["Б"]="B";A["Ю"]="YU";
    A["я"]="ya";A["ч"]="ch";A["с"]="s";A["м"]="m";A["и"]="i";A["т"]="t";A["ь"]="'";A["б"]="b";A["ю"]="yu";

    for (i in word){

        if (A[word[i]] === 'undefined'){
            answer += word[i];
            }
        else {
            answer += A[word[i]];
            }

    }
    return answer; // <=== Was *above* the } on the previous line
}

请注意，我已经修复了缩进。一致的缩进可以帮助你避免这些错误。

注意 1：您的对象没有任何使用它是. 您只是将其用作地图。在 JavaScript 中，所有对象都是映射，所以不仅仅是使用.AArrayA = new Array();A = {};

注意 2：A并且从未在您的函数中声明，因此您正在成为隐式全局恐怖的i牺牲品。要修复它，请使用.var

注意 3：使用for..in循环遍历字符串的字符，也不能使用[]索引到字符串，在 JavaScript 引擎中都是可靠的。相反，使用for (i = 0; i < word.length; ++i)and thench = word.charAt(i);获取该位置的字符，然后ch在循环内的代码中使用。

注意 4：您可以使用Curiously 强大的||运算符来缩短您的代码，例如：

answer += A[ch] || ch;
于 2012-07-09T22:26:00.933 回答
1

js 中的俄语符号在我的系统中根本不起作用。我不知道为什么。所以我为此使用下一个代码：

它不仅会音译，还会用“_”替换所有标点符号并将所有内容小写。

function translit(str){
	var sp = '_'; 
	var text = str.toLowerCase();
	var transl = { 
		'\u0430': 'a', '\u0431': 'b', '\u0432': 'v', '\u0433': 'g', '\u0434': 'd', '\u0435': 'e', '\u0451': 'e', '\u0436': 'zh',
		'\u0437': 'z', '\u0438': 'i', '\u0439': 'j', '\u043a': 'k', '\u043b': 'l', '\u043c': 'm', '\u043d': 'n', '\u043e': 'o',
		'\u043f': 'p', '\u0440': 'r', '\u0441': 's', '\u0442': 't', '\u0443': 'u', '\u0444': 'f', '\u0445': 'h', '\u0446': 'c', 
		'\u0447': 'ch', '\u0448': 'sh', '\u0449': 'shch', '\u044a': '\'', '\u044b': 'y', '\u044c': '', '\u044d': 'e', '\u044e': 'yu',
		'\u044f': 'ya',		
		'\u00AB':'_', '\u00BB':'_', // «»
		' ': sp, '_': sp, '`': sp, '~': sp, 
		'!': sp, '@': sp, '#': sp, '$': sp,
		'%': sp, '^': sp, '&': sp, '*': sp, '(': sp, ')': sp, '-': sp, '\=': sp,
		'+': sp, '[': sp, ']': sp, '\\': sp, '|': sp, '/': sp, '.': sp, ',': sp,
		'{': sp, '}': sp, '\'': sp, '"': sp, ';': sp, ':': sp, '?': sp, '<': sp,
		'>': sp, '№': sp					
	}
    var result = '';
	var curent_sim = '';
    for(i=0; i < text.length; i++) {
		if(transl[text[i]] != undefined) {			
			if(curent_sim != transl[text[i]] || curent_sim != sp){
				result += transl[text[i]];
				curent_sim = transl[text[i]];				
			}					
		} else {
			result += text[i];
			curent_sim = text[i];
		}		
    }
	result = result.replace(/^_/, '').replace(/_$/, ''); // trim
	return result
}

var result = translit('Привет Мир!');
document.getElementById('alias').value = result;
<html>
  <body>
    <input name="name" type="text" id="alias" />
  </body>
</html>

代码最初取自这里：http ://ajaxs.ru/lesson/js/137-transliteracija_stroki_na_javascript.html然后重构。

于 2015-05-24T21:26:27.760 回答
1

如果你需要用空字符串替换 'ъ' 和 'ь' ，你应该这样修改@split-your-infinity 解决方案：

var a = {"Ё":"YO","Й":"I","Ц":"TS","У":"U","К":"K","Е":"E","Н":"N","Г":"G","Ш":"SH","Щ":"SCH","З":"Z","Х":"H","Ъ":"","ё":"yo","й":"i","ц":"ts","у":"u","к":"k","е":"e","н":"n","г":"g","ш":"sh","щ":"sch","з":"z","х":"h","ъ":"","Ф":"F","Ы":"I","В":"V","А":"a","П":"P","Р":"R","О":"O","Л":"L","Д":"D","Ж":"ZH","Э":"E","ф":"f","ы":"i","в":"v","а":"a","п":"p","р":"r","о":"o","л":"l","д":"d","ж":"zh","э":"e","Я":"Ya","Ч":"CH","С":"S","М":"M","И":"I","Т":"T","Ь":"","Б":"B","Ю":"YU","я":"ya","ч":"ch","с":"s","м":"m","и":"i","т":"t","ь":"","б":"b","ю":"yu"};

function transliterate(word){
  return word.split('').map(function (char) { 
    return a.hasOwnProperty(char) ? a[char] : char; 
  }).join("");
}
于 2021-11-02T07:48:52.597 回答
0

通过结合 Bart Riemens 和 TJ Crowder 的建议，我想出了这个代码，它可以很好地完成这个技巧：

 function transliterate(word){

    var answer = "";
    var a = {}

    a["Ё"]="YO";a["Й"]="I";a["Ц"]="TS";a["У"]="U";a["К"]="K";a["Е"]="E";a["Н"]="N";a["Г"]="G";a["Ш"]="SH";a["Щ"]="SCH";a["З"]="Z";a["Х"]="H";a["Ъ"]="'";
    a["ё"]="yo";a["й"]="i";a["ц"]="ts";a["у"]="u";a["к"]="k";a["е"]="e";a["н"]="n";a["г"]="g";a["ш"]="sh";a["щ"]="sch";a["з"]="z";a["х"]="h";a["ъ"]="'";
    a["Ф"]="F";a["Ы"]="I";a["В"]="V";a["А"]="a";a["П"]="P";a["Р"]="R";a["О"]="O";a["Л"]="L";a["Д"]="D";a["Ж"]="ZH";a["Э"]="E";
    a["ф"]="f";a["ы"]="i";a["в"]="v";a["а"]="a";a["п"]="p";a["р"]="r";a["о"]="o";a["л"]="l";a["д"]="d";a["ж"]="zh";a["э"]="e";
    a["Я"]="Ya";a["Ч"]="CH";a["С"]="S";a["М"]="M";a["И"]="I";a["Т"]="T";a["Ь"]="'";a["Б"]="B";a["Ю"]="YU";
    a["я"]="ya";a["ч"]="ch";a["с"]="s";a["м"]="m";a["и"]="i";a["т"]="t";a["ь"]="'";a["б"]="b";a["ю"]="yu";

    for (i = 0; i < word.length; ++i){

        answer += a[word[i]] === undefined ? word[i] : a[word[i]];
    }   
    return answer;
}

比你！

于 2012-07-10T07:33:42.670 回答