我正在尝试在 Windows 7 x64 中进行捆绑安装，但在为 ffi gem 安装本机扩展时出错。我的 Gemfile 没有 ffi gem。唯一的依赖是在“水豚”中。
第二个奇怪的事情是水豚在我的 Gemfile 中仅用于“测试”环境，但是当我进行“捆绑安装”时，应该使用开发环境。为什么它解析“测试”部分？
source 'http://rubygems.org'
gem 'rake', '0.9.2.2'
gem 'rails', '3.2.1'
...
group :test do
if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(win32|w32)/
gem 'win32console'
end
...
gem 'capybara'
...
end
我可以安装以前版本的 ffi，但水豚需要新版本。
错误文字：
Installing ffi (1.0.11) with native extensions
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
C:/Ruby193/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... no
checking for ffi.h in /usr/local/include... no
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for ruby_native_thread_p()... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_with_gvl()... yes
creating extconf.h
creating Makefile
make
generating ffi_c-i386-mingw32.def
Configuring libffi
make -C "/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi"
make[1]: Entering directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi'
make "AR_FLAGS=" "CC_FOR_BUILD=" "CFLAGS=" "CXXFLAGS=" "CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=" "CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=" "INSTALL=/usr/bin/in
stall -c" "INSTALL_DATA=/usr/bin/install -c -m 644" "INSTALL_PROGRAM=/usr/bin/install -c" "INSTALL_SCRIPT=/usr/bin/i
nstall -c" "JC1FLAGS=" "LDFLAGS=" "LIBCFLAGS=" "LIBCFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=" "MAKE=make" "MAKEINFO=/bin/sh /c/Ruby193/lib/
ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/missing --run makeinfo " "PICFLAG=" "PICFLAG_FOR_TARGET=" "RUNTESTF
LAGS=" "SHELL=/bin/sh" "exec_prefix=/usr/local" "infodir=/usr/local/share/info" "libdir=/usr/local/lib" "prefix=/usr
/local" "AR=ar" "AS=as" "CC=gcc" "CXX=g++" "LD=c:/program files (x86)/mingw/mingw32/bin/ld.exe" "NM=/c/Program Files
(x86)/MinGW/bin/nm" "RANLIB=ranlib" "DESTDIR=" all-recursive
make[2]: Entering directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi'
Making all in include
make[3]: Entering directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/include'
make[3]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[3]: Leaving directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/include'
Making all in testsuite
make[3]: Entering directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/testsuite'
make[3]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[3]: Leaving directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/testsuite'
Making all in man
make[3]: Entering directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/man'
make[3]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[3]: Leaving directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi/man'
make[3]: Entering directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi'
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/debug.lo src/debug.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/debug.c -
DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/.libs/debug.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/prep_cif.lo src/prep_cif.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/prep_cif.c
-DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/.libs/prep_cif.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/types.lo src/types.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/types.c -
DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/.libs/types.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/raw_api.lo src/raw_api.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/raw_api.c
-DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/.libs/raw_api.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/java_raw_api.lo src/java_raw_api.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/java_raw_a
pi.c -DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/.libs/java_raw_api.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/closures.lo src/closures.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/closures.c
-DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/.libs/closures.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fe
xceptions -c -o src/x86/ffi.lo src/x86/ffi.c
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -Wall -g -fexceptions -c src/x86/ffi.c
-DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/x86/.libs/ffi.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -I. -I./include -Iinc
lude -I./src -c -o src/x86/win32.lo src/x86/win32.S
libtool: compile: gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -I. -I./include -Iinclude -I./src -c sr
c/x86/win32.S -DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o src/x86/.libs/win32.o
/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -Wall -g -fexceptions -version-info `grep -v '^#' ./libtool-version` -
no-undefined -o libffi.la -rpath /usr/local/lib src/debug.lo src/prep_cif.lo src/types.lo src/raw_api.lo src/java_r
aw_api.lo src/closures.lo src/x86/ffi.lo src/x86/win32.lo
libtool: link: gcc -o .libs/libffi.dll.a src/.libs/debug.o src/.libs/prep_cif.o src/.libs/types.o src/.libs/raw_api
.o src/.libs/java_raw_api.o src/.libs/closures.o src/x86/.libs/ffi.o src/x86/.libs/win32.o `echo "X" | /usr/bin/
sed -e 1s/^X// -e 's/ -lc$//'` -link -dll
c:/program files (x86)/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -link
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[3]: *** [libffi.la] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi'
make[2]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi'
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi'
make: *** ["/c/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/libffi"/.libs/libffi_convenience.a] Error 2
Gem files will remain installed in C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11 for inspection.
Results logged to C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.11/ext/ffi_c/gem_make.out
An error occured while installing ffi (1.0.11), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install ffi -v '1.0.11'` succeeds before bundling.