好的,所以我终于明白了如何使用 bcrypt() 服务器端和 PHP... 来散列和验证密码。但是如何在不将密码传输到服务器的情况下验证密码(即客户端验证)。
以某种方式通过 AJAX 将存储的哈希发送到客户端并使用客户端版本的 bcrypt() verify 来检查密码与哈希是否安全?或者是通过 AjAX 将密码传输到服务器来验证密码的唯一方法?如果是后者,我将如何安全地传输它?如果是前者,我在哪里可以找到 bcrypt() 验证函数的客户端版本?
下面是我为 bcrypt() 哈希类编写的 PHP 代码:
class Bcrypt {
private $rounds;
public function __construct($rounds = 12) {
if (CRYPT_BLOWFISH != 1) {
throw new Exception("bcrypt not supported in this installation. See http://php.net/crypt");
}
$this->rounds = $rounds;
}
public function hash($input) {
$hash = crypt($input, $this->getSalt());
if (strlen($hash) > 13) {
return $hash;
}
return false;
}
public function verify($input, $existingHash) {
$hash = crypt($input, $existingHash);
return $hash === $existingHash;
}
private function getSalt() {
$salt = sprintf('$2a$%02d$', $this->rounds);
$bytes = $this->getRandomBytes(16);
$salt .= $this->encodeBytes($bytes);
return $salt;
}
private $randomState;
private function getRandomBytes($count) {
$bytes = '';
if (function_exists('openssl_random_pseudo_bytes') && (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) !== 'WIN')) { // OpenSSL slow on Win
$bytes = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($count);
}
if ($bytes === '' && is_readable('/dev/urandom') && ($hRand = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'rb')) !== FALSE) {
$bytes = fread($hRand, $count);
fclose($hRand);
}
if (strlen($bytes) < $count) {
$bytes = '';
if ($this->randomState === null) {
$this->randomState = microtime();
if (function_exists('getmypid')) {
$this->randomState .= getmypid();
}
}
for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i += 16) {
$this->randomState = md5(microtime() . $this->randomState);
if (PHP_VERSION >= '5') {
$bytes .= md5($this->randomState, true);
}
else {
$bytes .= pack('H*', md5($this->randomState));
}
}
$bytes = substr($bytes, 0, $count);
}
return $bytes;
}
private function encodeBytes($input) {
// The following is code from the PHP Password Hashing Framework
$itoa64 = './ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
$output = '';
$i = 0;
do {
$c1 = ord($input[$i++]);
$output .= $itoa64[$c1 >> 2];
$c1 = ($c1 & 0x03) << 4;
if ($i >= 16) {
$output .= $itoa64[$c1];
break;
}
$c2 = ord($input[$i++]);
$c1 |= $c2 >> 4;
$output .= $itoa64[$c1];
$c1 = ($c2 & 0x0f) << 2;
$c2 = ord($input[$i++]);
$c1 |= $c2 >> 6;
$output .= $itoa64[$c1];
$output .= $itoa64[$c2 & 0x3f];
} while (1);
return $output;
}
}
通过以下方式运行:
$bcrypt = new Bcrypt(10);
$hash = $bcrypt->hash('password');
$isGood = $bcrypt->verify('password', $hash); //verifies if the password is the same as the on that has been hashed
我的问题有点长,但我真的想让我的网站安全。我正在使用 SSL,但我想消除尽可能多的漏洞——因此,我想尽可能地限制我传输的私人数据量。特别是用户凭据。