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我在 iOS 上，我正在尝试发送 HTTP POST 请求以通过充当 IPP 服务器的 Mac 在打印机上创建打印作业。我可以使用 airprint 正确打印，我现在正在尝试低级打印，因为我需要将原始数据发送到打印机。

关于我的代码的一些事情：

一切都是硬编码的。我仍在试图找出我哪里出错了，所以我只是处于开发/测试阶段。第一部分是关于 IPP 打印作业请求的二进制结构的定义（根据 RFC 2910 规范，它应该是正确的）。

char data[239] = {0x01, 0x01, // IPP version
    0x00, 0x04, // Print-job request
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x50, // Arbitrary request ID
    0x01, // Attribute group
    // ATT 1
    0x47, // charset value-tag
    0x00, 0x12, // name-length
    'a','t','t','r','i','b','u','t','e','s','-','c','h','a','r','s','e','t', // name
    0x00, 0x05, // value-length
    'u','t','f','-','8', // value
    // ATT 2
    0x48, // natural-language value-tag
    0x00, 0x1B, // name-length
    'a','t','t','r','i','b','u','t','e','s','-','n','a','t','u','r','a','l','-','l','a','n','g','u','a','g','e', // name                       
    0x00, 0x05, // value-length
    'e','n','-','u','s', // value
    // ATT 3
    0x45, // uri type value-tag
    0x00, 0x0B, // name-length
    'p','r','i','n','t','e','r','-','u','r','i', // name
    0x00, 0x47, // value-length
    'i','p','p',':','/','/','A','n','d','r','e','a','s','-','M','a','c','B','o','o','k','-','P','r','o','-','2','.','l','o','c','a','l','.',':','6','3','1','/','p','r','i','n','t','e','r','s','/','H','P','_','D','e','s','k','j','e','t','_','F','4','5','0','0','_','s','e','r','i','e','s', // value
    // ATT 4
    0x42, // requesting user id value-tag
    0x00, 0x14, // name-length
    'r','e','q','u','e','s','t','i','n','g','-','u','s','e','r','-','n','a','m','e', // name
    0x00, 0x05, // value-length
    'g','u','e','s','t', // value
    // ATT 5
    0x49, // document format value-tag
    0x00, 0x0f, // document format
    'd','o','c','u','m','e','n','t','-','f','o','r','m','a','t',
    0x18, // TODO
    'a','p','p','l','i','c','a','t','i','o','n','/','o','c','t','e','t','-','s','t','r','e','a','m',
    0x03, // end of attributes
    't','e','s','t'}; // data

NSMutableData *printJob = [NSMutableData data];
[printJob appendBytes:data length:sizeof(data)];
NSString* requestDataLengthString = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%d", [printJob length]];

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://192.168.1.23:631/printers/HP_Deskjet_F4500_series"]];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[request setValue:requestDataLengthString forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[request setValue:@"application/ipp" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[request setValue:@"Andreas-MacBook-Pro-2.local" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Host"];
[request setValue:@"CUPS/1.5.0" forHTTPHeaderField:@"User-Agent"];
[request setValue:@"100-continue" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Expect"];
[request setHTTPBody:printJob];

[[NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self] start];

每当我运行此代码时，10 秒后我都会收到 HTTP 400 错误请求响应。

奇怪的是，每当 airprint 打印向 ipp 服务器发送打印作业时，HTTP 请求似乎与我可以使用数据包分析器捕获的请求完全相同（并且它可以工作）。

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2 回答 2

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您必须为Print-Job使用正确的 ipp 操作代码：

  • 不正确：0x00, 0x04, // =Validate-job request
  • 正确的 ：0x00, 0x02, // Print-job request

您应该使用文档格式text/plain而不是octet-stream. 还要确保打印机支持数据格式或至少确保 CUPS 配置了适当的转换器（看起来您通过 CUPS 与 HP 打印机交谈）。

不用担心user-agent，没关系。相反，请注意您的 http-protocol-handling！通过发送Expect: 100-continue您使 CUPS 期望分块 http。不要发送Expect-Header，一切都应该没问题。

确保正确计算 ipp-request 加上数据长度的长度并将其放入 content-length-header。

注意：我已经在 Kotlin 中实现了一个打印请求。如果您找到DataInputStream、DataOutputStream的替代品并且知道如何发布 http 请求，则应该可以移植到 Objective-C 或 Swift 。我很乐意为您提供帮助。

于 2015-01-28T23:05:37.270 回答
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以下为我打印。我的打印机在端口 80 和 631 上接受 IPP。

// See Print-Job Request sample on page 32 
//   in Appendix A: Protocol Examples 
//   of RFC 2910 IPP/1.1 Encoding and Transport
//     https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2910

    char data[239] = {0x01, 0x01, // IPP version
    0x00, 0x02, // Print-job request
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x50, // Arbitrary request ID
    0x01, // Attribute group
    // ATT 1
    0x47, // charset value-tag
    0x00, 0x12, // name-length
    'a','t','t','r','i','b','u','t','e','s','-','c','h','a','r','s','e','t', // name
    0x00, 0x05, // value-length
    'u','t','f','-','8', // value
    // ATT 2
    0x48, // natural-language value-tag
    0x00, 0x1B, // name-length
    'a','t','t','r','i','b','u','t','e','s','-','n','a','t','u','r','a','l','-','l','a','n','g','u','a','g','e', // name
    0x00, 0x02, // value-length
    'e','n', // value
    // ATT 3
    0x45, // uri type value-tag
    0x00, 0x0B, // name-length
    'p','r','i','n','t','e','r','-','u','r','i', // name
    0x00, 0x1A, // value-length
    'i','p','p',':','/','/','1','7','2','.','0','2','0','.','0','1','0','.','0','0','8',':','0','8','0','/', // value
    // ATT 4
    0x42, // requesting user id value-tag
    0x00, 0x14, // name-length
    'r','e','q','u','e','s','t','i','n','g','-','u','s','e','r','-','n','a','m','e', // name
    0x00, 0x09, // value-length
    'a','s','s','o','c','i','a','t','e', // value
    // ATT 5
    0x49, // document format value-tag
    0x00, 0x0f, // document format
    'd','o','c','u','m','e','n','t','-','f','o','r','m','a','t',
    0x00, 0x0f, // value-length
    'a','p','p','l','i','c','a','t','i','o','n','/','p','d','f',
    0x02, // start job-attributes tag
    0x21, // integer type value-tag
    0x00, 0x06, // name-length
    'c','o','p','i','e','s',
    0x00, 0x04, // value-length
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, // 1 copy
    // could add 'sides' with 'two-sided-long-edge' for double sided prints (see RFC)
    0x03 // end of attributes
    }; // follow with pdf file data

NSMutableData *printJob = [NSMutableData dataWithBytes:data length:sizeof(data)];

NSString *pdfFilePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"sample" ofType:@"pdf"];
NSData* pdfData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:pdfFilePath options:NSDataReadingUncached error:NULL];

[printJob appendData:pdfData];

NSString* requestDataLengthString = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%ld", [printJob length]];

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://172.020.010.008:080/"]];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[request setValue:requestDataLengthString forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[request setValue:@"application/ipp" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[request setHTTPBody:printJob];

NSError *error;
NSURLResponse *response;
NSData *responseData = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request
                                             returningResponse:&response
                                                         error:&error];

如果您需要帮助查看任何 IPP 调用格式的工作示例，我建议您使用 ipptool 生成请求并将其捕获到文件中。我无法让 Burp 代理拦截它（即使使用 http_proxy 环境变量），但这个节点脚本成功了：

const http = require('http');
const fs = require('fs');

http.createServer(function (req, res) {

    console.log('Request Received');

    var body = '';

    res.writeHead(200, {
        'Context-Type': 'text/plain',
        'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'
    });

    req.on('data', function (chunk) {
        body += chunk;
    });

    req.on('end', function() {
        fs.writeFileSync('file.txt', body, 'utf8');
        res.end('{"msg": "OK"}');
    })

}).listen(8080, '127.0.0.1'); 
console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8080/')

然后你可以调用你的节点服务器：

ipptool -vt -f sample.pdf ipp://127.0.0.1:8080/ print-job.test

并检查请求：

hexdump -C -n256 file.txt
于 2018-08-08T15:43:10.293 回答