9

我有一个特定的要求,将字节流转换为每个字符恰好是 6 位的字符编码。

Here's an example:

Input: 0x50 0x11 0xa0

Character Table:

010100 T
000001 A
000110 F
100000 SPACE


Output: "TAF "

Logically I can understand how this works:

Taking 0x50 0x11 0xa0 and showing as binary:

01010000 00010001 10100000

Which is "TAF ".

以编程方式执行此操作的最佳方法是什么(伪代码或 C++)。谢谢!

4

2 回答 2

7

好吧,每 3 个字节,你就会得到四个字符。因此,一方面,如果输入不是三个字节的倍数,您需要弄清楚该怎么做。(它是否有某种填充,比如 base64?)

然后我可能会依次取每个 3 个字节。在 C# 中,它足够接近 C 的伪代码 :)

for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i += 3)
{
    // Top 6 bits of byte i
    int value1 = array[i] >> 2;
    // Bottom 2 bits of byte i, top 4 bits of byte i+1
    int value2 = ((array[i] & 0x3) << 4) | (array[i + 1] >> 4);
    // Bottom 4 bits of byte i+1, top 2 bits of byte i+2
    int value3 = ((array[i + 1] & 0xf) << 2) | (array[i + 2] >> 6);
    // Bottom 6 bits of byte i+2
    int value4 = array[i + 2] & 0x3f;

    // Now use value1...value4, e.g. putting them into a char array.
    // You'll need to decode from the 6-bit number (0-63) to the character.
}
于 2012-05-21T19:20:43.620 回答
4

以防万一有人感兴趣 - 另一个变体,一旦出现就从流中提取 6 位数字。也就是说,即使当前读取的字节数少于 3,也可以获得结果。对于未填充的流很有用。

该代码将累加器的状态保存a在变量n中,该变量存储上次读取时累加器中剩余的位数。

int n = 0;
unsigned char a = 0;
unsigned char b = 0;
while (read_byte(&byte)) {
    // save (6-n) most significant bits of input byte to proper position
    // in accumulator
    a |= (b >> (n + 2)) & (077 >> n);
    store_6bit(a);
    a = 0;
    // save remaining least significant bits of input byte to proper
    // position in accumulator
    a |= (b << (4 - n)) & ((077 << (4 - n)) & 077);
    if (n == 4) {
        store_6bit(a);
        a = 0;
    }
    n = (n + 2) % 6;
}
于 2012-05-21T19:56:36.000 回答