153

从 C# 程序关闭计算机的最佳方法是什么？

我发现了一些有效的方法——我将在下面发布它们——但它们都不是很优雅。我正在寻找更简单和原生的.net 的东西。

4

17 回答 17

184

从 windows XP 开始工作，在 win 2000 或更低版本中不可用：

这是最快的方法：

Process.Start("shutdown","/s /t 0");

否则，像其他人所说的那样使用 P/Invoke 或 WMI。

编辑：如何避免创建窗口

var psi = new ProcessStartInfo("shutdown","/s /t 0");
psi.CreateNoWindow = true;
psi.UseShellExecute = false;
Process.Start(psi);
于 2008-09-19T18:20:09.810 回答
83

摘自：Geekpedia 帖子

此方法使用WMI关闭窗口。

您需要在项目中添加对 System.Management 的引用才能使用它。

using System.Management;

void Shutdown()
{
    ManagementBaseObject mboShutdown = null;
    ManagementClass mcWin32 = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem");
    mcWin32.Get();

    // You can't shutdown without security privileges
    mcWin32.Scope.Options.EnablePrivileges = true;
    ManagementBaseObject mboShutdownParams =
             mcWin32.GetMethodParameters("Win32Shutdown");

     // Flag 1 means we want to shut down the system. Use "2" to reboot.
    mboShutdownParams["Flags"] = "1";
    mboShutdownParams["Reserved"] = "0";
    foreach (ManagementObject manObj in mcWin32.GetInstances())
    {
        mboShutdown = manObj.InvokeMethod("Win32Shutdown", 
                                       mboShutdownParams, null);
    }
}
于 2008-09-19T15:04:18.580 回答
34

该线程提供了必要的代码：http: //bytes.com/forum/thread251367.html

但这是相关代码：

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
internal struct TokPriv1Luid
{
    public int Count;
    public long Luid;
    public int Attr;
}

[DllImport("kernel32.dll", ExactSpelling=true) ]
internal static extern IntPtr GetCurrentProcess();

[DllImport("advapi32.dll", ExactSpelling=true, SetLastError=true) ]
internal static extern bool OpenProcessToken( IntPtr h, int acc, ref IntPtr
phtok );

[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError=true) ]
internal static extern bool LookupPrivilegeValue( string host, string name,
ref long pluid );

[DllImport("advapi32.dll", ExactSpelling=true, SetLastError=true) ]
internal static extern bool AdjustTokenPrivileges( IntPtr htok, bool disall,
ref TokPriv1Luid newst, int len, IntPtr prev, IntPtr relen );

[DllImport("user32.dll", ExactSpelling=true, SetLastError=true) ]
internal static extern bool ExitWindowsEx( int flg, int rea );

internal const int SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = 0x00000002;
internal const int TOKEN_QUERY = 0x00000008;
internal const int TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x00000020;
internal const string SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME = "SeShutdownPrivilege";
internal const int EWX_LOGOFF = 0x00000000;
internal const int EWX_SHUTDOWN = 0x00000001;
internal const int EWX_REBOOT = 0x00000002;
internal const int EWX_FORCE = 0x00000004;
internal const int EWX_POWEROFF = 0x00000008;
internal const int EWX_FORCEIFHUNG = 0x00000010;

private void DoExitWin( int flg )
{
    bool ok;
    TokPriv1Luid tp;
    IntPtr hproc = GetCurrentProcess();
    IntPtr htok = IntPtr.Zero;
    ok = OpenProcessToken( hproc, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES | TOKEN_QUERY, ref htok );
    tp.Count = 1;
    tp.Luid = 0;
    tp.Attr = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
    ok = LookupPrivilegeValue( null, SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME, ref tp.Luid );
    ok = AdjustTokenPrivileges( htok, false, ref tp, 0, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero );
    ok = ExitWindowsEx( flg, 0 );
    }

用法：

DoExitWin( EWX_SHUTDOWN );

或者

DoExitWin( EWX_REBOOT );
于 2008-09-19T15:05:18.687 回答
27

不同的方法：

一种。System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("Shutdown", "-s -t 10");

B. Windows 管理规范 (WMI)

C. System.Runtime.InteropServices Pinvoke

D. 系统管理

投稿后，看到好多人也发了。。。

于 2009-03-20T09:09:44.710 回答
15

短而甜。调用外部程序：

    using System.Diagnostics;

    void Shutdown()
    {
        Process.Start("shutdown.exe", "-s -t 00");
    }

注意：这会调用 Windows 的 Shutdown.exe 程序，因此它只有在该程序可用时才能工作。您可能在 Windows 2000（其中 shutdown.exe 仅在资源工具包中可用）或XP Embedded上遇到问题。

于 2008-09-19T15:05:14.007 回答
14

老式的丑陋方法。使用ExitWindowsExWin32 API 中的函数。

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

void Shutdown2()
{
    const string SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME = "SeShutdownPrivilege";
    const short SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = 2;
    const uint EWX_SHUTDOWN = 1;
    const short TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 32;
    const short TOKEN_QUERY = 8;
    IntPtr hToken;
    TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tkp;

    // Get shutdown privileges...
    OpenProcessToken(Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle, 
          TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES | TOKEN_QUERY, out hToken);
    tkp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
    tkp.Privileges.Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
    LookupPrivilegeValue("", SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME, out tkp.Privileges.pLuid);
    AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, false, ref tkp, 0U, IntPtr.Zero, 
          IntPtr.Zero);

    // Now we have the privileges, shutdown Windows
    ExitWindowsEx(EWX_SHUTDOWN, 0);
}

// Structures needed for the API calls
private struct LUID
{
    public int LowPart;
    public int HighPart;
}
private struct LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
{
    public LUID pLuid;
    public int Attributes;
}
private struct TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
{
    public int PrivilegeCount;
    public LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES Privileges;
}

[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
static extern int OpenProcessToken(IntPtr ProcessHandle, 
                     int DesiredAccess, out IntPtr TokenHandle);

[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool AdjustTokenPrivileges(IntPtr TokenHandle,
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]bool DisableAllPrivileges,
    ref TOKEN_PRIVILEGES NewState,
    UInt32 BufferLength,
    IntPtr PreviousState,
    IntPtr ReturnLength);

[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
static extern int LookupPrivilegeValue(string lpSystemName, 
                       string lpName, out LUID lpLuid);

[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern int ExitWindowsEx(uint uFlags, uint dwReason);

在生产代码中，您应该检查 API 调用的返回值，但为了使示例更清晰，我将其省略了。

于 2008-09-19T15:09:07.523 回答
9 
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("shutdown", "/s /t 0")

应该管用。

对于重新启动，它是 /r

这将直接、干净地重新启动 PC 盒，没有对话框。

于 2014-12-31T20:50:34.073 回答
9

只是为了添加 Pop Catalin 的答案，这是一个关闭计算机而不显示任何窗口的衬里：

Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo("shutdown", "/s /t 0") {
  CreateNoWindow = true, UseShellExecute = false
});
于 2017-06-18T12:21:54.747 回答
8

请注意，这shutdown.exe只是一个包装器InitiateSystemShutdownEx，它提供了一些缺少的细节ExitWindowsEx

于 2011-08-03T16:01:38.333 回答
5

您可以启动关机过程：

  • shutdown -s -t 0 - 关闭
  • shutdown -r -t 0 - 重新开始
于 2008-09-19T15:04:09.393 回答
4

我在尝试使用上面接受的 WMI 方法时遇到了麻烦，因为尽管以管理员身份运行程序，但我总是获得特权未持有异常。

解决方案是让进程为自己请求特权。我在http://www.dotnet247.com/247reference/msgs/58/292150.aspx找到了由 Richard Hill 撰写的答案。

我在下面粘贴了我对他的解决方案的基本用法，以防链接变旧。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace PowerControl
{
    public class PowerControl_Main
    {


        public void Shutdown()
        {
            ManagementBaseObject mboShutdown = null;
            ManagementClass mcWin32 = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem");
            mcWin32.Get();

            if (!TokenAdjuster.EnablePrivilege("SeShutdownPrivilege", true))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Could not enable SeShutdownPrivilege");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Enabled SeShutdownPrivilege");
            }

            // You can't shutdown without security privileges
            mcWin32.Scope.Options.EnablePrivileges = true;
            ManagementBaseObject mboShutdownParams = mcWin32.GetMethodParameters("Win32Shutdown");

            // Flag 1 means we want to shut down the system
            mboShutdownParams["Flags"] = "1";
            mboShutdownParams["Reserved"] = "0";

            foreach (ManagementObject manObj in mcWin32.GetInstances())
            {
                try
                {
                    mboShutdown = manObj.InvokeMethod("Win32Shutdown",
                                                   mboShutdownParams, null);
                }
                catch (ManagementException mex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(mex.ToString());
                    Console.ReadKey();
                }
            }
        }


    }


    public sealed class TokenAdjuster
    {
        // PInvoke stuff required to set/enable security privileges
        [DllImport("advapi32", SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        static extern int OpenProcessToken(
        System.IntPtr ProcessHandle, // handle to process
        int DesiredAccess, // desired access to process
        ref IntPtr TokenHandle // handle to open access token
        );

        [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true),
        SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr handle);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        static extern int AdjustTokenPrivileges(
        IntPtr TokenHandle,
        int DisableAllPrivileges,
        IntPtr NewState,
        int BufferLength,
        IntPtr PreviousState,
        ref int ReturnLength);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        static extern bool LookupPrivilegeValue(
        string lpSystemName,
        string lpName,
        ref LUID lpLuid);

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        internal struct LUID
        {
            internal int LowPart;
            internal int HighPart;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
        {
            LUID Luid;
            int Attributes;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct _PRIVILEGE_SET
        {
            int PrivilegeCount;
            int Control;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 1)] // ANYSIZE_ARRAY = 1
            LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES[] Privileges;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        internal struct TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
        {
            internal int PrivilegeCount;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
            internal int[] Privileges;
        }
        const int SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = 0x00000002;
        const int TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0X00000020;
        const int TOKEN_QUERY = 0X00000008;
        const int TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = 0X001f01ff;
        const int PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0X00000400;

        public static bool EnablePrivilege(string lpszPrivilege, bool
        bEnablePrivilege)
        {
            bool retval = false;
            int ltkpOld = 0;
            IntPtr hToken = IntPtr.Zero;
            TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tkp = new TOKEN_PRIVILEGES();
            tkp.Privileges = new int[3];
            TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tkpOld = new TOKEN_PRIVILEGES();
            tkpOld.Privileges = new int[3];
            LUID tLUID = new LUID();
            tkp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
            if (bEnablePrivilege)
                tkp.Privileges[2] = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
            else
                tkp.Privileges[2] = 0;
            if (LookupPrivilegeValue(null, lpszPrivilege, ref tLUID))
            {
                Process proc = Process.GetCurrentProcess();
                if (proc.Handle != IntPtr.Zero)
                {
                    if (OpenProcessToken(proc.Handle, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES | TOKEN_QUERY,
                    ref hToken) != 0)
                    {
                        tkp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
                        tkp.Privileges[2] = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
                        tkp.Privileges[1] = tLUID.HighPart;
                        tkp.Privileges[0] = tLUID.LowPart;
                        const int bufLength = 256;
                        IntPtr tu = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(bufLength);
                        Marshal.StructureToPtr(tkp, tu, true);
                        if (AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, 0, tu, bufLength, IntPtr.Zero, ref ltkpOld) != 0)
                        {
                            // successful AdjustTokenPrivileges doesn't mean privilege could be changed
                            if (Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() == 0)
                            {
                                retval = true; // Token changed
                            }
                        }
                        TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tokp = (TOKEN_PRIVILEGES)Marshal.PtrToStructure(tu,
                        typeof(TOKEN_PRIVILEGES));
                        Marshal.FreeHGlobal(tu);
                    }
                }
            }
            if (hToken != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                CloseHandle(hToken);
            }
            return retval;
        }

    }
}
于 2012-05-21T10:48:04.683 回答
2

我尝试了 roomaroo 的 WMI 方法来关闭 Windows 2003 Server，但在我将 `[STAThread]'（即“单线程单元”线程模型）添加到 Main() 声明之前它不会起作用：

[STAThread]
public static void Main(string[] args) {
    Shutdown();
}

然后我尝试从一个线程关闭，为了让它工作，我还必须将线程的“公寓状态”设置为 STA：

using System.Management;
using System.Threading;

public static class Program {

    [STAThread]
    public static void Main(string[] args) {
        Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Program.Shutdown));
        t.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
        t.Start();
        ...
    }

    public static void Shutdown() {
        // roomaroo's code
    }
}

我是 C# 菜鸟，所以我不完全确定 STA 线程在关闭系统方面的重要性（即使在阅读了我上面发布的链接之后）。也许其他人可以详细说明...？

于 2011-02-24T18:59:19.843 回答
2

**详细回答...

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
// Remember to add a reference to the System.Management assembly
using System.Management;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace ShutDown
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnShutDown_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ManagementBaseObject mboShutdown = null;
            ManagementClass mcWin32 = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem");
            mcWin32.Get();

            // You can't shutdown without security privileges
            mcWin32.Scope.Options.EnablePrivileges = true;
            ManagementBaseObject mboShutdownParams = mcWin32.GetMethodParameters("Win32Shutdown");

            // Flag 1 means we want to shut down the system
            mboShutdownParams["Flags"] = "1";
            mboShutdownParams["Reserved"] = "0";

            foreach (ManagementObject manObj in mcWin32.GetInstances())
            {
                mboShutdown = manObj.InvokeMethod("Win32Shutdown", mboShutdownParams, null);
            }
        }
    }
}
于 2011-08-05T12:42:36.413 回答
1

使用关机.exe。为了避免传递参数的问题，复杂的执行，从 WindowForms 执行使用 PowerShell 执行脚本：

using System.Management.Automation;
...
using (PowerShell PowerShellInstance = PowerShell.Create())
{
    PowerShellInstance.AddScript("shutdown -a; shutdown -r -t 100;");
    // invoke execution on the pipeline (collecting output)
    Collection<PSObject> PSOutput = PowerShellInstance.Invoke();
}

System.Management.Automation.dll 应安装在操作系统上并在 GAC 中可用。

对不起我的英语不好。

于 2016-07-29T10:39:34.760 回答
1

对于 Windows 10，我需要添加 /f 选项以便在没有任何问题和等待时间的情况下关闭电脑。

//This did not work for me
Process.Start("shutdown", "/s /t 0");

//But this worked
Process.Start("shutdown", "/s /f /t 0");
于 2020-12-17T19:41:30.620 回答
0

没有用于关闭计算机的 .net 本机方法。您需要 P/Invoke ExitWindows 或 ExitWindowsEx API 调用。

于 2008-09-19T15:05:35.333 回答
0

如果要远程关闭计算机，则可以使用

Using System.Diagnostics;

在任何按钮上单击

{
    Process.Start("Shutdown","-i");
}
于 2009-06-04T04:53:51.590 回答