我将类的成员函数的签名和实际指针作为模板类的模板参数传递。有没有办法为运算符重载对此类进行不同的专门化?我试图查看type_traits
并从中获得提示std::is_copy_assignable
,但似乎 g++ 使用了内置函数(__has_trivial_copy
例如)。
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好吧,我研究了这个问题。
我认为有可能得到结果,但这相当复杂,因为类 A 想知道它自己的模板参数之一是否是类 B 的运算符,它必须首先检查 B::operator 是否存在,然后检查是否它等于模板参数。这迅速增加了任务的难度。
此外,我在测试时发现,g++ 对高级模板使用的支持仍然很差。例如,这段代码做了第2步,即假设某个成员函数存在,检查模板参数是否等于同一个成员函数:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Hello{
int helloworld(){
return 0;
}
int goodbyeworld(){
return 0;
}
};
template<typename T1, T1, typename T2, T2> struct is_same_method{
static constexpr bool value=false;
};
template<typename Return, typename Class, typename... Args, Return(Class::*member)(Args...)>
struct is_same_method<Return(Class::*)(Args...), member, Return(Class::*)(Args...), member>{
static constexpr bool value=true;
};
#define method_test(a, b) is_same_method<decltype(a), a, decltype(b), b>::value
template<typename T, T> struct what_am_I_passed;
template<typename Return, typename Class, typename... Args, Return(Class::*member)(Args...)>
struct what_am_I_passed<Return(Class::*)(Args...), member>{
static void so_what(){
/*
* error: ‘decltype (& Class:: helloworld)’ is not a valid type for a template constant parameter.
*/
cout<<"you passed me "<<(method_test(member, &Class::helloworld)?"helloworld":"something else")<<endl;
}
};
int main(){
what_am_I_passed<decltype(&Hello::helloworld), &Hello::helloworld>::so_what();
}
现在,此代码在 g++ 4.4、4.5 中失败,在 4.6.1 中崩溃,并且从 4.6.2 开始工作。
在经历了所有这些麻烦之后,我决定在运行时移植一些逻辑。这就是我的结局。
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
using namespace std;
template<typename mem_type, mem_type mem> struct operator_type{
enum types{
//complete me...
NONE=0, ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, MOD, POW, UNM, EQ, NEQ, LT, LE, GT, GE, SUBSCRIPT, CALL
};
static types what(){ return NONE; }
};
typedef operator_type<int, 0>::types op_types;
template<typename Return, typename Class, typename... Args, Return(Class::*mem)(Args...)>
class operator_type<Return(Class::*)(Args...), mem>{
#define isOp(name, symbol, args)\
template<typename Class_,int=0> static bool is##name(float&&){ return false; }\
template<typename Class_, Return(Class_::*innermem)(Args...)=&Class_::operator symbol>\
static bool is##name(int&&){ return innermem==mem && (args<0 || sizeof...(Args)==args); }
#define testOp(name) if(is##name<Class>(0)) return op_types::name
//complete me...
isOp(ADD, +, 1)
isOp(SUB, -, 1)
isOp(MUL, *, 1)
isOp(DIV, /, 1)
isOp(MOD, %, 1)
isOp(POW, ^, 1)
isOp(UNM, -, 0)
isOp(EQ, ==, 1)
isOp(NEQ, !=, 1)
isOp(LT, <, 1)
isOp(LE, <=, 1)
isOp(GT, >, 1)
isOp(GE, >=, 1)
isOp(SUBSCRIPT, [], 1)
isOp(CALL, (), -1)
public:
static op_types what(){
//complete me...
testOp(ADD);
testOp(SUB);
testOp(MUL);
testOp(DIV);
testOp(MOD);
testOp(POW);
testOp(UNM);
testOp(EQ);
testOp(NEQ);
testOp(LT);
testOp(LE);
testOp(GT);
testOp(GE);
testOp(SUBSCRIPT);
testOp(CALL);
return op_types::NONE;
}
};
template<typename T, T> struct wants_to_know_operators;
template<typename Return, typename Class, typename... Args, Return(Class::*mem)(Args...)>
struct wants_to_know_operators<Return(Class::*)(Args...), mem>{
typedef operator_type<decltype(mem), mem> my_operator_type;
static void stuff(){
switch(my_operator_type::what()){
case op_types::NONE: cout<<"this is not an operator"<<endl; break;
case op_types::CALL: cout<<"this is operator()"<<endl; break;
case op_types::SUBSCRIPT: cout<<"this is operator[]"<<endl; break;
case op_types::SUB: cout<<"this is operator-"<<endl; break;
case op_types::UNM: cout<<"this is operator- (unary)"<<endl; break;
//complete me...
default: cout<<"something else..."<<endl; break;
}
}
};
struct Test{
void operator()(){
}
Test& operator-(){
return *this;
}
Test& operator-(int){
return *this;
}
int operator[](int){
return 0;
}
int operator[](iostream){
return 0;
}
int operator==(int){
return 0;
}
void f(){}
};
int main(){
wants_to_know_operators<decltype(&Test::f), &Test::f>::stuff();
wants_to_know_operators<int(Test::*)(int), &Test::operator[]>::stuff();
wants_to_know_operators<int(Test::*)(iostream), &Test::operator[]>::stuff();
wants_to_know_operators<decltype(&Test::operator()), &Test::operator()>::stuff();
wants_to_know_operators<decltype(&Test::operator==), &Test::operator==>::stuff();
wants_to_know_operators<Test&(Test::*)(), &Test::operator- >::stuff();
wants_to_know_operators<Test&(Test::*)(int), &Test::operator- >::stuff();
}
语法有点麻烦,但它是我能用模板解决的最好的。请注意,它可以区分同一运算符的不同重载。就我的目标而言,这已经足够,甚至可能更可取,因为整个事情都是关于将 C++ 函数导出到 Lua,当然你不能在编译时将内容推送到 Lua 堆栈上。
于 2012-04-18T17:01:36.680 回答