c# - Java 等效于 C# 的 Rfc2898DerivedBytes

Question

我想知道是否有人试图做相当于

Rfc2898DeriveBytes key = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(secret, saltValueBytes);
byte[] secretKey = key.GetBytes(16);

在爪哇。其中 secret 是一个字符串（密码），而 saltValueBytes 是字节数组中的盐。

我已经尝试过一些东西，但似乎无法理解它。

Answer 1

我通过谷歌搜索找到了这个实现，但我从未使用过它。

RFC 2898 / PKCS#5 PBKDF2 的免费 Java 实现

似乎没有可用的 RFC 2898 / PKCS#5 的小型且免费的 Java 实现。小到只有几个源文件，编译简单，没有依赖，像 LGPL 一样免费。

鉴于标准 SUN JCE 加密提供程序中 HMacSHA1 的可用性，这样的实现非常简单，并且可以从 RFC 描述中完全按照字面意思推导出来。我的代码是一个无尘室实现，仅以 RFC 为基础。

Answer 2

我知道这对游戏来说已经很晚了，但是 Java 6 及更高版本确实有一个内置的 PBKDF2 实现。

int dkLen = 64;
int rounds = 1000;
PBEKeySpec keySpec = new PBEKeySpec("Some password".toCharArray(), "SomeSalt".getBytes(), rounds, dkLen * 8);
SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1");
byte[] out = factory.generateSecret(keySpec).getEncoded();

Java 6 Security Enhancements列表声称与 PKCS#5 具有可比性，并且通过我自己的（粗略的）测试，它似乎确实生成了正确的 PBKDF2 密钥。

Answer 3

这个对我有用。我仍然不相信 JRE 中不存在符合 RFC2898 的 PBKDF2 的标准实现。我想我一定是找错地方了。名称混淆（RFC2898 PKCS5 PBKDF2）没有帮助。

// PBKDF2.java
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// RFC2898 PBKDF2 in Java.  The RFC2898 defines a standard algorithm for
// deriving key bytes from a text password.  This is also called 
// "PBKDF2", for Password-based key derivation function #2.
//
// There's no RFC2898-compliant PBKDF2 function in the JRE, as far as I
// know, but it is available in many J2EE runtimes, including those from
// JBoss, IBM, and Oracle.
//
// It's fairly simple to implement, so here it is. 
// 
// Author: Admin
// built on host: DINOCH-2
// Created Sun Aug 09 01:06:57 2009
//
// last saved: 
// Time-stamp: <2009-August-09 11:11:47>
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// code from Matthias Gartner
//
// ------------------------------------------------------------------

package cheeso.examples;


import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;


public class PBKDF2
{
    public static byte[] deriveKey( byte[] password, 
                                    byte[] salt, 
                                    int iterationCount, 
                                    int dkLen )
        throws java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException, 
               java.security.InvalidKeyException
    {
        SecretKeySpec keyspec = new SecretKeySpec( password, "HmacSHA1" );
        Mac prf = Mac.getInstance( "HmacSHA1" );
        prf.init( keyspec );

        // Note: hLen, dkLen, l, r, T, F, etc. are horrible names for
        //       variables and functions in this day and age, but they
        //       reflect the terse symbols used in RFC 2898 to describe
        //       the PBKDF2 algorithm, which improves validation of the
        //       code vs. the RFC.
        //
        // hLen denotes the length in octets of the pseudorandom function output
        // dklen the length in octets (bytes) of the derived key. 

        int hLen = prf.getMacLength();   // 20 for SHA1
        int l = Math.ceil( dkLen/hLen ); //  1 for 128bit (16-byte) keys
        int r = dkLen - (l-1)*hLen;      // 16 for 128bit (16-byte) keys
        byte T[] = new byte[l * hLen];
        int ti_offset = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= l; i++) {
            F( T, ti_offset, prf, salt, iterationCount, i );
            ti_offset += hLen;
        }

        if (r < hLen) {
            // Incomplete last block
            byte DK[] = new byte[dkLen];
            System.arraycopy(T, 0, DK, 0, dkLen);
            return DK;
        }
        return T;
    } 


    private static void F( byte[] dest, int offset, Mac prf, byte[] S, int c, int blockIndex ) {
        final int hLen = prf.getMacLength();
        byte U_r[] = new byte[ hLen ];
        // U0 = S || INT (i);
        byte U_i[] = new byte[S.length + 4];
        System.arraycopy( S, 0, U_i, 0, S.length );
        INT( U_i, S.length, blockIndex );
        for( int i = 0; i < c; i++ ) {
            U_i = prf.doFinal( U_i );
            xor( U_r, U_i );
        }

        System.arraycopy( U_r, 0, dest, offset, hLen );
    }

    private static void xor( byte[] dest, byte[] src ) {
        for( int i = 0; i < dest.length; i++ ) {
            dest[i] ^= src[i];
        }
    }

    private static void INT( byte[] dest, int offset, int i ) {
        dest[offset + 0] = (byte) (i / (256 * 256 * 256));
        dest[offset + 1] = (byte) (i / (256 * 256));
        dest[offset + 2] = (byte) (i / (256));
        dest[offset + 3] = (byte) (i);
    } 

    // ctor
    private PBKDF2 () {}
}

Answer 4

通过添加重载的 derivedKey()，略微改进了 Cheeso 使用 HMacSHA256 或 HMacSHA512 的代码。
通过此更改，代码使用PHP Crypt lib中的 PKDF2-HMAC-SHA512 测试向量运行，导致 100 个测试用例中有 6 个失败。

// PBKDF2.java
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// RFC2898 PBKDF2 in Java.  The RFC2898 defines a standard algorithm for
// deriving key bytes from a text password.  This is also called 
// "PBKDF2", for Password-based key derivation function #2.
//
// There's no RFC2898-compliant PBKDF2 function in the JRE, as far as I
// know, but it is available in many J2EE runtimes, including those from
// JBoss, IBM, and Oracle.
//
// It's fairly simple to implement, so here it is. 
// 
// Author: Admin
// built on host: DINOCH-2
// Created Sun Aug 09 01:06:57 2009
//
// last saved: 
// Time-stamp: <2009-August-09 11:11:47>
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// code from Matthias Gartner
//
// ------------------------------------------------------------------

package cheeso.examples;


import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;


public class PBKDF2
{
    public static byte[] deriveKey(byte[] password,
                                   byte[] salt,
                                   int iterationCount,
                                   int dkLen)
            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,
            InvalidKeyException
    {
        return deriveKey("HmacSHA1", password, salt, iterationCount, dkLen);
    }

    public static byte[] deriveKey(String hmacAlgo,
                                   byte[] password,
                                   byte[] salt,
                                   int iterationCount,
                                   int dkLen)
            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,
            InvalidKeyException
    {
        SecretKeySpec keyspec = new SecretKeySpec(password, hmacAlgo);
        Mac prf = Mac.getInstance(hmacAlgo);
        prf.init( keyspec );

        // Note: hLen, dkLen, l, r, T, F, etc. are horrible names for
        //       variables and functions in this day and age, but they
        //       reflect the terse symbols used in RFC 2898 to describe
        //       the PBKDF2 algorithm, which improves validation of the
        //       code vs. the RFC.
        //
        // dklen is expressed in bytes. (16 for a 128-bit key, 32 for 256)

        int hLen = prf.getMacLength();   // 20 for SHA1
        int l = Math.max( dkLen, hLen); //  1 for 128bit (16-byte) keys
        int r = dkLen - (l-1)*hLen;      // 16 for 128bit (16-byte) keys
        byte T[] = new byte[l * hLen];
        int ti_offset = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= l; i++) {
            F( T, ti_offset, prf, salt, iterationCount, i );
            ti_offset += hLen;
        }

        if (r < hLen) {
            // Incomplete last block
            byte DK[] = new byte[dkLen];
            System.arraycopy(T, 0, DK, 0, dkLen);
            return DK;
        }
        return T;
    } 


    private static void F( byte[] dest, int offset, Mac prf, byte[] S, int c, int blockIndex ) {
        final int hLen = prf.getMacLength();
        byte U_r[] = new byte[ hLen ];
        // U0 = S || INT (i);
        byte U_i[] = new byte[S.length + 4];
        System.arraycopy( S, 0, U_i, 0, S.length );
        INT( U_i, S.length, blockIndex );
        for( int i = 0; i < c; i++ ) {
            U_i = prf.doFinal( U_i );
            xor( U_r, U_i );
        }

        System.arraycopy( U_r, 0, dest, offset, hLen );
    }

    private static void xor( byte[] dest, byte[] src ) {
        for( int i = 0; i < dest.length; i++ ) {
            dest[i] ^= src[i];
        }
    }

    private static void INT( byte[] dest, int offset, int i ) {
        dest[offset + 0] = (byte) (i / (256 * 256 * 256));
        dest[offset + 1] = (byte) (i / (256 * 256));
        dest[offset + 2] = (byte) (i / (256));
        dest[offset + 3] = (byte) (i);
    } 

    // ctor
    private PBKDF2 () {}
}