概述
所以，我正在重构一个项目，我正在分离出一堆解析代码。我关心的代码是pyparsing。
即使在花了很多时间阅读官方文档之后，我对 pyparsing 的理解也很差。我遇到了麻烦，因为（1）pyparsing 采用（故意）非正统的解析方法，并且（2）我正在处理我没有编写的代码，评论很差，以及一组非基本的现有语法。
（我也联系不上原作者。）
未通过测试
我正在使用PyVows来测试我的代码。我的一项测试如下（我认为即使您不熟悉 PyVows 也很清楚；如果不熟悉，请告诉我）：
def test_multiline_command_ends(self, topic):
output = parsed_input('multiline command ends\n\n',topic)
expect(output).to_equal(
r'''['multiline', 'command ends', '\n', '\n']
- args: command ends
- multiline_command: multiline
- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends', '\n', '\n']
- args: command ends
- multiline_command: multiline
- terminator: ['\n', '\n']
- terminator: ['\n', '\n']''')
但是当我运行测试时，我在终端中得到以下信息：
失败的测试结果
Expected topic("['multiline', 'command ends']\n- args: command ends\n- command: multiline\n- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends']\n - args: command ends\n - command: multiline")
to equal "['multiline', 'command ends', '\\n', '\\n']\n- args: command ends\n- multiline_command: multiline\n- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends', '\\n', '\\n']\n - args: command ends\n - multiline_command: multiline\n - terminator: ['\\n', '\\n']\n- terminator: ['\\n', '\\n']"
笔记：
由于输出到终端，因此预期输出（第二个）具有额外的反斜杠。这很正常。在这段重构开始之前，测试运行没有问题。
预期行为
输出的第一行应该与第二行匹配，但事实并非如此。具体来说，它不包括第一个列表对象中的两个换行符。
所以我得到了这个：
"['multiline', 'command ends']\n- args: command ends\n- command: multiline\n- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends']\n - args: command ends\n - command: multiline"
当我应该得到这个时：
"['multiline', 'command ends', '\\n', '\\n']\n- args: command ends\n- multiline_command: multiline\n- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends', '\\n', '\\n']\n - args: command ends\n - multiline_command: multiline\n - terminator: ['\\n', '\\n']\n- terminator: ['\\n', '\\n']"
在代码的前面，也有这样的语句：
pyparsing.ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(' \t')
…我认为应该完全防止这种错误。但我不确定。
即使不能确定地确定问题，简单地缩小问题所在的范围也将是一个巨大的帮助。
请让我知道我可能会如何采取一两步来解决这个问题。
编辑：所以，嗯，我应该为此发布解析器代码，不是吗？（感谢您的提示，@andrew Cooke！）
解析器代码
这是__init__我的解析器对象。
我知道这是一场噩梦。这就是我重构项目的原因。☺
def __init__(self, Cmd_object=None, *args, **kwargs):
# @NOTE
# This is one of the biggest pain points of the existing code.
# To aid in readability, I CAPITALIZED all variables that are
# not set on `self`.
#
# That means that CAPITALIZED variables aren't
# used outside of this method.
#
# Doing this has allowed me to more easily read what
# variables become a part of other variables during the
# building-up of the various parsers.
#
# I realize the capitalized variables is unorthodox
# and potentially anti-convention. But after reaching out
# to the project's creator several times over roughly 5
# months, I'm still working on this project alone...
# And without help, this is the only way I can move forward.
#
# I have a very poor understanding of the parser's
# control flow when the user types a command and hits ENTER,
# and until the author (or another pyparsing expert)
# explains what's happening to me, I have to do silly
# things like this. :-|
#
# Of course, if the impossible happens and this code
# gets cleaned up, then the variables will be restored to
# proper capitalization.
#
# —Zearin
# http://github.com/zearin/
# 2012 Mar 26
if Cmd_object is not None:
self.Cmd_object = Cmd_object
else:
raise Exception('Cmd_object be provided to Parser.__init__().')
# @FIXME
# Refactor methods into this class later
preparse = self.Cmd_object.preparse
postparse = self.Cmd_object.postparse
self._allow_blank_lines = False
self.abbrev = True # Recognize abbreviated commands
self.case_insensitive = True # Commands recognized regardless of case
# make sure your terminators are not in legal_chars!
self.legal_chars = u'!#$%.:?@_' + PYP.alphanums + PYP.alphas8bit
self.multiln_commands = [] if 'multiline_commands' not in kwargs else kwargs['multiln_commands']
self.no_special_parse = {'ed','edit','exit','set'}
self.redirector = '>' # for sending output to file
self.reserved_words = []
self.shortcuts = { '?' : 'help' ,
'!' : 'shell',
'@' : 'load' ,
'@@': '_relative_load'
}
# self._init_grammars()
#
# def _init_grammars(self):
# @FIXME
# Add Docstring
# ----------------------------
# Tell PYP how to parse
# file input from '< filename'
# ----------------------------
FILENAME = PYP.Word(self.legal_chars + '/\\')
INPUT_MARK = PYP.Literal('<')
INPUT_MARK.setParseAction(lambda x: '')
INPUT_FROM = FILENAME('INPUT_FROM')
INPUT_FROM.setParseAction( self.Cmd_object.replace_with_file_contents )
# ----------------------------
#OUTPUT_PARSER = (PYP.Literal('>>') | (PYP.WordStart() + '>') | PYP.Regex('[^=]>'))('output')
OUTPUT_PARSER = (PYP.Literal( 2 * self.redirector) | \
(PYP.WordStart() + self.redirector) | \
PYP.Regex('[^=]' + self.redirector))('output')
PIPE = PYP.Keyword('|', identChars='|')
STRING_END = PYP.stringEnd ^ '\nEOF'
TERMINATORS = [';']
TERMINATOR_PARSER = PYP.Or([
(hasattr(t, 'parseString') and t)
or
PYP.Literal(t) for t in TERMINATORS
])('terminator')
self.comment_grammars = PYP.Or([ PYP.pythonStyleComment,
PYP.cStyleComment ])
self.comment_grammars.ignore(PYP.quotedString)
self.comment_grammars.setParseAction(lambda x: '')
self.comment_grammars.addParseAction(lambda x: '')
self.comment_in_progress = '/*' + PYP.SkipTo(PYP.stringEnd ^ '*/')
# QuickRef: Pyparsing Operators
# ----------------------------
# ~ creates NotAny using the expression after the operator
#
# + creates And using the expressions before and after the operator
#
# | creates MatchFirst (first left-to-right match) using the
# expressions before and after the operator
#
# ^ creates Or (longest match) using the expressions before and
# after the operator
#
# & creates Each using the expressions before and after the operator
#
# * creates And by multiplying the expression by the integer operand;
# if expression is multiplied by a 2-tuple, creates an And of
# (min,max) expressions (similar to "{min,max}" form in
# regular expressions); if min is None, intepret as (0,max);
# if max is None, interpret as expr*min + ZeroOrMore(expr)
#
# - like + but with no backup and retry of alternatives
#
# * repetition of expression
#
# == matching expression to string; returns True if the string
# matches the given expression
#
# << inserts the expression following the operator as the body of the
# Forward expression before the operator
# ----------------------------
DO_NOT_PARSE = self.comment_grammars | \
self.comment_in_progress | \
PYP.quotedString
# moved here from class-level variable
self.URLRE = re.compile('(https?://[-\\w\\./]+)')
self.keywords = self.reserved_words + [fname[3:] for fname in dir( self.Cmd_object ) if fname.startswith('do_')]
# not to be confused with `multiln_parser` (below)
self.multiln_command = PYP.Or([
PYP.Keyword(c, caseless=self.case_insensitive)
for c in self.multiln_commands
])('multiline_command')
ONELN_COMMAND = ( ~self.multiln_command +
PYP.Word(self.legal_chars)
)('command')
#self.multiln_command.setDebug(True)
# Configure according to `allow_blank_lines` setting
if self._allow_blank_lines:
self.blankln_termination_parser = PYP.NoMatch
else:
BLANKLN_TERMINATOR = (2 * PYP.lineEnd)('terminator')
#BLANKLN_TERMINATOR('terminator')
self.blankln_termination_parser = (
(self.multiln_command ^ ONELN_COMMAND)
+ PYP.SkipTo(
BLANKLN_TERMINATOR,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('args')
+ BLANKLN_TERMINATOR
)('statement')
# CASE SENSITIVITY for
# ONELN_COMMAND and self.multiln_command
if self.case_insensitive:
# Set parsers to account for case insensitivity (if appropriate)
self.multiln_command.setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].lower())
ONELN_COMMAND.setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].lower())
self.save_parser = ( PYP.Optional(PYP.Word(PYP.nums)^'*')('idx')
+ PYP.Optional(PYP.Word(self.legal_chars + '/\\'))('fname')
+ PYP.stringEnd)
AFTER_ELEMENTS = PYP.Optional(PIPE +
PYP.SkipTo(
OUTPUT_PARSER ^ STRING_END,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
)('pipeTo')
) + \
PYP.Optional(OUTPUT_PARSER +
PYP.SkipTo(
STRING_END,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('outputTo')
)
self.multiln_parser = (((self.multiln_command ^ ONELN_COMMAND)
+ PYP.SkipTo(
TERMINATOR_PARSER,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('args')
+ TERMINATOR_PARSER)('statement')
+ PYP.SkipTo(
OUTPUT_PARSER ^ PIPE ^ STRING_END,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('suffix')
+ AFTER_ELEMENTS
)
#self.multiln_parser.setDebug(True)
self.multiln_parser.ignore(self.comment_in_progress)
self.singleln_parser = (
( ONELN_COMMAND + PYP.SkipTo(
TERMINATOR_PARSER
^ STRING_END
^ PIPE
^ OUTPUT_PARSER,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
).setParseAction(lambda x:x[0].strip())('args'))('statement')
+ PYP.Optional(TERMINATOR_PARSER)
+ AFTER_ELEMENTS)
#self.multiln_parser = self.multiln_parser('multiln_parser')
#self.singleln_parser = self.singleln_parser('singleln_parser')
self.prefix_parser = PYP.Empty()
self.parser = self.prefix_parser + (STRING_END |
self.multiln_parser |
self.singleln_parser |
self.blankln_termination_parser |
self.multiln_command +
PYP.SkipTo(
STRING_END,
ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE)
)
self.parser.ignore(self.comment_grammars)
# a not-entirely-satisfactory way of distinguishing
# '<' as in "import from" from
# '<' as in "lesser than"
self.input_parser = INPUT_MARK + \
PYP.Optional(INPUT_FROM) + \
PYP.Optional('>') + \
PYP.Optional(FILENAME) + \
(PYP.stringEnd | '|')
self.input_parser.ignore(self.comment_in_progress)