问题标签 [postgresql-9.1]

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1794 问题
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0 投票
1 回答
1042 浏览

sql - 在 Postgres 中为一行存储一堆任意布尔值的最佳方法是什么？

我有一个充满食谱的数据库，每行一个食谱。我需要为每个食谱存储一堆任意“标志”来标记各种属性，例如无麸质、无肉、无红肉、无猪肉、无动物、快速、简单、低脂肪、低糖、低卡路里、低钠和低碳水化合物。用户需要能够通过选中 UI 中的复选框来搜索包含一个或多个这些标志的食谱。

我正在寻找将这些属性存储在“食谱”表中的最佳方式。到目前为止我的想法：

  1. 每个属性都有一个单独的列，并在每个列上创建一个索引。我可能有超过 20 个这些属性，所以我想知道在单个表上创建一大堆 BOOL 列是否有任何缺点。
  2. 对所有属性使用位掩码，并将整个内容存储在一个包含适当位数的数字列中。在每个位上创建一个单独的索引，这样搜索会很快。
  3. 为每个标签创建一个带有值的 ENUM，然后创建一个具有该 ENUM 类型的 ARRAY 的列。我相信数组列上的 ANY 子句可以使用 INDEX，但从未这样做过。
  4. 创建一个单独的表，其中包含配方到标签的一对多映射。每个标签将是该表中的一行。该表将包含一个到配方的链接，以及一个 ENUM 值，该配方的标签为“on”。查询时，我必须执行嵌套 SELECT 以过滤掉至少不包含这些标签之一的食谱。我认为这是更“正常”的做法，但它确实使某些查询更加复杂 - 如果我想查询 100 个食谱并显示它们的所有标签，我必须使用 INNER JOIN 并合并行，或使用嵌套的 SELECT 并即时聚合。

写入性能在这里不是太大的问题，因为食谱是由后端进程添加的，并且搜索速度至关重要（最终可能会有几十万个食谱）。我怀疑我是否会经常添加新标签，但我希望它至少可以在没有大麻烦的情况下完成。

谢谢！

0 投票
1 回答
5414 浏览

macos - Mac OSX 上的 PostgreSQL - 无法以 postgres 用户身份登录

我按照本教程逐字逐句地在 Mac OSX 上安装了 postgresql 和 geodjango 。由于某些原因

不起作用。我输入了我的 sudo 密码，但是当我输入“whoami”时，它仍然是我的普通用户登录。

看到列表后，我知道有 postgres 用户

知道为什么会这样吗？我安装了 PSQL 9.1.1 服务器版本。

谢谢你。

0 投票
2 回答
3055 浏览

postgresql - 如何加密postgresql中的列？

我是 PostgreSQL 新手，从未使用过加密。我读了一些关于 PostgreSQL 中加密的链接，比如这个，但我对它想说的（或者我理解的:)）有点困惑。你能指导我在这个问题上的一些想法或链接吗？

谢谢。

0 投票
1 回答
896 浏览

sql - 在 postgres 表中的所有行上运行集合返回函数并返回所有结果

我有一个带有 svn 版本的 PostGIS 2.0 的 PostgreSQL 9.1 数据库。我有一个来自 postgis (ST_DumpAsPolygon) 的集合返回函数，它占用一行并返回多行。我有一个数据表，想在输入的每一行上运行 set 返回函数并返回所有行。但是SELECT ST_DumpAsPolygon(rast) FROM mytable似乎只从一行返回值。有没有办法让集合返回函数在表中的每一行上运行，并将所有结果收集在一起，并返回所有这些结果？

0 投票
2 回答
2810 浏览

sql - Postgres - 这是在布尔列上创建部分索引的正确方法吗？

我有下表：

FALSE除非有人想出一些疯狂的新的无麸质饮食风靡全国，否则几乎每一行都将设置为。

我需要能够非常快速地查询该值为真的行。我创建了索引：

它似乎有效，但是我不知道如何判断它是否确实只是索引值为真的行。我想确保它不会做一些愚蠢的事情，比如索引任何具有任何值的行。

我应该在子句中添加一个运算符WHERE，还是这种语法完全有效？希望这不是那些会被否决 30 次的超级简单的 RTFM 问题之一。

更新：

我已经继续并使用随机值向 RecipeMetadata 添加了 10,000 行。然后我在桌子上做了一个分析和一个 REINDEX 来确定。当我运行查询时：

select recipeid from RecipeMetadata where diet_glutenfree;

我得到：

因此，即使只有大约一半的行具有此标志，它似乎也在对表进行顺序扫描。该索引被忽略。

如果我做：

select recipeid from RecipeMetadata where not diet_glutenfree;

我得到：

所以无论如何，这个索引都没有被使用。

0 投票
1 回答
1938 浏览

arrays - 大整数数组函数

是否有任何可用于处理大整数的函数？

我找到了一个模块intarray，但该模块中的函数仅适用于integer，而不适用于bigint。

我错过了从数组中删除项目的功能。类似于在提到的模块中实现“减号”运算符：

int[] - int（从数组中删除匹配正确参数的条目）

0 投票
5 回答
8500 浏览

postgresql - PostgreSQL pgp_sym_encrypt() 在 9.1 版中被破坏

以下适用于 PostgreSQL 8.4：

当我在 9.1 版中尝试它时，我得到了这个：

错误：函数 pgp_sym_encrypt(unknown, unknown) 不存在第 1 行：插入凭证值（'demo', pgp_sym_encrypt('pass... ^ 提示：没有函数匹配给定的名称和参数类型。您可能需要添加显式类型转换。

***错误** *

错误：函数 pgp_sym_encrypt(unknown, unknown) 不存在 SQL 状态：42883 提示：没有函数匹配给定的名称和参数类型。您可能需要添加显式类型转换。字符：40

如果我尝试一些像这样的明确演员表

我收到一条略有不同的错误消息：

错误：函数 pgp_sym_encrypt(text, text) 不存在

我已经安装了 pgcrypto。有人在 PostgreSQL 9.1 中使用 pgp_sym_encrypt() 吗？

0 投票
4 回答
15976 浏览

postgresql - PostgreSQL 将大对象导出到客户端

我有一个 PostgreSQL 9.1 数据库，其中图片存储为大对象。有没有办法通过 SQL 查询将文件导出到客户端文件系统？

我正在寻找一种类似于上述行的方法，但以客户端为目标。提前致谢！

0 投票
3 回答
2216 浏览

sql - PostgreSQL 无法加载库。未知错误 14001

运行此脚本时出现此错误。这个错误是什么意思，我该如何纠正它？Postgres 用户拥有对 postgresql 文件夹的完全访问权限。我还尝试在真正的 Windows 2003 Server 机器上运行它，结果相同。

库路径是C:\PostgreSQL\9.1\lib\uuid-ossp.dll

PostgreSQL-9.1.2-1，WindowsXP SP3 (VirtualBox)。

0 投票
1 回答
215 浏览

ruby-on-rails-3.1 - Lion 使用 ssd 引导驱动器将 rails 连接到 postgresql

我正在尝试将 postgresql 与我在 Lion 上的 rails 开发一起使用。我的机器当前设置为从固态启动并将 /home 文件夹存储在单独的 hd 上。我可以使用

创建用户

命令

但是当我尝试使用 rake 创建数据库时

我得到这个错误

无法连接到服务器：连接被拒绝服务器是否在本地运行并接受 Unix 域套接字“/var/pgsql_socket/.s.PGSQL.5432”上的连接？/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:in initialize' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:in new' /Volumes/Lion/用户/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:在 connect' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:312:in初始化'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/。 rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in new' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in postgresql_connection'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd /.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:304:in new_connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:323:in checkout_new_connection'/ Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in block (2 levels) in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:261:in loop' /Volumes/Lion /Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:261:in block in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in mon_synchronize' /Volumes/Lion/Users/ atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:260:in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:162:in 连接'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:409:in retrieve_connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:115:in retrieve_connection'/ Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:89:in connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:110:in rescue in create_database'/Volumes /Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:54:in create_database' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:33:in block (5 levels) in ' /Volumes /Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:151:in local_database?' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:33:in '/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:19:in 中的块（4 个级别） each_value' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:19:in '/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in call' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in 块中的块（3 个级别）执行'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in each' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in 执行'/Volumes/Lion/用户/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in mon_synchronize'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm block in invoke_with_call_chain' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in / gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in invoke_with_call_chain' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in invoke' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2 -p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in invoke_task' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in 块（2 级）在 top_level' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in each' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in 块在顶层'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in standard_exception_handling' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in top_level'/Volumes/Lion /Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in block in run' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in standard_exception_handling' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm /gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in run' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in ' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2 -p290/bin/rake:19:in load' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/rake:19:in ' 无法为 {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"alpha_development", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"alpha" 创建数据库, "password"=>nil} 无法连接到服务器：连接被拒绝服务器是否在本地运行并接受 Unix 域套接字 "/var/pgsql_socket/.s.PGSQL.5432" 上的连接？/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:in initialize' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:in new' /Volumes/Lion/用户/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:在 connect' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:312:in初始化'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/。 new' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in postgresql_connection'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd /.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:304:in new_connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:323:in checkout_new_connection'/ Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in block (2 levels) in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:261:in loop' /Volumes/Lion /Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:261:in block in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in mon_synchronize' /Volumes/Lion/Users/ atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:260:in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:162:in 连接'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:409:in retrieve_connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:115:in retrieve_connection'/ Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:89:in connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:110:in rescue in create_database'/Volumes /Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:54:in create_database' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:33:in block (5 levels) in ' /Volumes /Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:151:in local_database?' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:33:in '/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:19:in 中的块（4 个级别） each_value' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:19:in '/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in call' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in 块中的块（3 个级别）执行'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in each' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in 执行'/Volumes/Lion/用户/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in mon_synchronize'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm block in invoke_with_call_chain' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in / gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in invoke_with_call_chain' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in invoke' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2 -p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in invoke_task' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in 块（2 级）在 top_level' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in each' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in 块在顶层'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in standard_exception_handling' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in top_level'/Volumes/Lion /Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in block in run' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in standard_exception_handling' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm /gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in run' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in ' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2 -p290/bin/rake:19:in load' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/rake:19:in ' 无法为 {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"alpha_test", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"alpha" 创建数据库, "password"=>nil} 无法连接到服务器：连接被拒绝服务器是否在本地运行并接受 Unix 域套接字 "/var/pgsql_socket/.s.PGSQL.5432" 上的连接？/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:in initialize' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:in new' /Volumes/Lion/用户/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1076:在 connect' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:312:in初始化'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/。 new' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in postgresql_connection'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd /.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:304:in new_connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:323:in checkout_new_connection'/ Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in block (2 levels) in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:261:in loop' /Volumes/Lion /Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:261:in block in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in mon_synchronize' /Volumes/Lion/Users/ atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:260:in checkout' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:162:in 连接'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:409:in retrieve_connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:115:in retrieve_connection'/ Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:89:in connection' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:110:in rescue in create_database'/Volumes /Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:54:in create_database' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:33:in block (5 levels) in ' /Volumes /Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:151:in local_database?' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:33:in '/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:19:in 中的块（4 个级别） each_value' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/activerecord-3.1.3/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:19:in '/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in call' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in 块中的块（3 个级别）执行'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in each' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in 执行'/Volumes/Lion/用户/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in mon_synchronize'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm block in invoke_with_call_chain' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in / gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in invoke_with_call_chain' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in invoke' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2 -p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in invoke_task' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in 块（2 级）在 top_level' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in each' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in 块在顶层'/Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in standard_exception_handling' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in top_level'/Volumes/Lion /Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in block in run' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in standard_exception_handling' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm /gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in run' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in ' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2 -p290/bin/rake:19:in load' /Volumes/Lion/Users/atbyrd/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/rake:19:in ' 无法为 {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"alpha_production","pool"=>5, "username"=>"alpha", "password"=>nil}


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