为什么 math.factorial 在线程中表现得如此奇怪?
这是一个示例,它创建了三个线程:
- 只休眠一段时间的线程
- 增加 int 一段时间的线程
- 对大量数执行 math.factorial 的线程。
它调用start
线程,然后join
超时
sleep 和 spin 线程按预期工作并start
立即返回,然后join
等待超时。
另一方面,阶乘线程start
直到运行到最后才返回!
import sys
from threading import Thread
from time import sleep, time
from math import factorial
# Helper class that stores a start time to compare to
class timed_thread(Thread):
def __init__(self, time_start):
Thread.__init__(self)
self.time_start = time_start
# Thread that just executes sleep()
class sleep_thread(timed_thread):
def run(self):
sleep(15)
print "st DONE:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
# Thread that increments a number for a while
class spin_thread(timed_thread):
def run(self):
x = 1
while x < 120000000:
x += 1
print "sp DONE:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
# Thread that calls math.factorial with a large number
class factorial_thread(timed_thread):
def run(self):
factorial(50000)
print "ft DONE:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
# the tests
print
print "sleep_thread test"
time_start = time()
st = sleep_thread(time_start)
st.start()
print "st.start:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
st.join(2)
print "st.join:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
print "sleep alive:\t%r" % st.isAlive()
print
print "spin_thread test"
time_start = time()
sp = spin_thread(time_start)
sp.start()
print "sp.start:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
sp.join(2)
print "sp.join:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
print "sp alive:\t%r" % sp.isAlive()
print
print "factorial_thread test"
time_start = time()
ft = factorial_thread(time_start)
ft.start()
print "ft.start:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
ft.join(2)
print "ft.join:\t%f" % (time() - time_start)
print "ft alive:\t%r" % ft.isAlive()
这是 CentOS x64 上 Python 2.6.5 的输出:
sleep_thread test
st.start: 0.000675
st.join: 2.006963
sleep alive: True
spin_thread test
sp.start: 0.000595
sp.join: 2.010066
sp alive: True
factorial_thread test
ft DONE: 4.475453
ft.start: 4.475589
ft.join: 4.475615
ft alive: False
st DONE: 10.994519
sp DONE: 12.054668
我已经在 CentOS x64 上的 python 2.6.5 和 Windows x86 上的 2.7.2 上尝试过这个,并且阶乘线程不会从其中任何一个上的开始返回,直到线程完成执行。
我也在 Windows x86 上使用 PyPy 1.8.0 进行了尝试,结果略有不同。开始确实会立即返回,但是连接不会超时!
sleep_thread test
st.start: 0.001000
st.join: 2.001000
sleep alive: True
spin_thread test
sp.start: 0.000000
sp DONE: 0.197000
sp.join: 0.236000
sp alive: False
factorial_thread test
ft.start: 0.032000
ft DONE: 9.011000
ft.join: 9.012000
ft alive: False
st DONE: 12.763000
也尝试过 IronPython 2.7.1,它产生了预期的结果。
sleep_thread test
st.start: 0.023003
st.join: 2.028122
sleep alive: True
spin_thread test
sp.start: 0.003014
sp.join: 2.003128
sp alive: True
factorial_thread test
ft.start: 0.002991
ft.join: 2.004105
ft alive: True
ft DONE: 5.199295
sp DONE: 5.734322
st DONE: 10.998619