我想编写一个词法分析器生成器来将 MATLAB 语言的基本子集转换为 C#、C++ 等。为了帮助我做到这一点，我想找到一个包含 MATLAB 形式语法的文档。花了一些时间对此进行了调查，似乎 Mathworks 没有提供。
有谁知道我在哪里可以找到这样的文件？
问问题
6053 次
5 回答
10
这不是完整的语法，而是yacc-keable for matlab为 2000 年的编译器课程提供的。由此，您可以轻松创建 BNF 和 EBNF。
primary_expression
: IDENTIFIER
| CONSTANT
| STRING_LITERAL
| '(' expression ')'
| '[' ']'
| '[' array_list ']'
;
postfix_expression
: primary_expression
| array_expression
| postfix_expression TRANSPOSE
| postfix_expression NCTRANSPOSE
;
index_expression
: ':'
| expression
;
index_expression_list
: index_expression
| index_expression_list ',' index_expression
;
array_expression
: IDENTIFIER '(' index_expression_list ')'
;
unary_expression
: postfix_expression
| unary_operator postfix_expression
;
unary_operator
: '+'
| '-'
| '~'
;
multiplicative_expression
: unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression '*' unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression '/' unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression '\\' unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression '^' unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression ARRAYMUL unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression ARRAYDIV unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression ARRAYRDIV unary_expression
| multiplicative_expression ARRAYPOW unary_expression
;
additive_expression
: multiplicative_expression
| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression
| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression
;
relational_expression
: additive_expression
| relational_expression '<' additive_expression
| relational_expression '>' additive_expression
| relational_expression LE_OP additive_expression
| relational_expression GE_OP additive_expression
;
equality_expression
: relational_expression
| equality_expression EQ_OP relational_expression
| equality_expression NE_OP relational_expression
;
and_expression
: equality_expression
| and_expression '&' equality_expression
;
or_expression
: and_expression
| or_expression '|' and_expression
;
expression
: or_expression
| expression ':' or_expression
;
assignment_expression
: postfix_expression '=' expression
eostmt
: ','
| ';'
| CR
;
statement
: global_statement
| clear_statement
| assignment_statement
| expression_statement
| selection_statement
| iteration_statement
| jump_statement
;
statement_list
: statement
| statement_list statement
;
identifier_list
: IDENTIFIER
| identifier_list IDENTIFIER
;
global_statement
: GLOBAL identifier_list eostmt
;
clear_statement
: CLEAR identifier_list eostmt
;
expression_statement
: eostmt
| expression eostmt
;
assignment_statement
: assignment_expression eostmt
;
array_element
: expression
| expression_statement
;
array_list
: array_element
| array_list array_element
;
selection_statement
: IF expression statement_list END eostmt
| IF expression statement_list ELSE statement_list END eostmt
| IF expression statement_list elseif_clause END eostmt
| IF expression statement_list elseif_clause
ELSE statement_list END eostmt
;
elseif_clause
: ELSEIF expression statement_list
| elseif_clause ELSEIF expression statement_list
;
iteration_statement
: WHILE expression statement_list END eostmt
| FOR IDENTIFIER '=' expression statement_list END eostmt
| FOR '(' IDENTIFIER '=' expression ')' statement_list END eostmt
;
jump_statement
: BREAK eostmt
| RETURN eostmt
;
translation_unit
: statement_list
| FUNCTION function_declare eostmt statement_list
;
func_ident_list
: IDENTIFIER
| func_ident_list ',' IDENTIFIER
;
func_return_list
: IDENTIFIER
| '[' func_ident_list ']'
;
function_declare_lhs
: IDENTIFIER
| IDENTIFIER '(' ')'
| IDENTIFIER '(' func_ident_list ')'
;
function_declare
: function_declare_lhs
| func_return_list '=' function_declare_lhs
;
于 2012-09-16T02:51:51.633 回答
5
编写自己的正式语法的绝佳机会:)
如果您应该选择自己编写语法，我可以推荐BNFC，它可以采用正式的 BNF 语法并为几种目标语言（C/C++、C#、Java、Haskell 等）构建数据结构和词法分析器/解析器。这将为您节省大量时间，让您专注于制定语法，然后直接以您喜欢的语言实现转换器。
如果没有别的，BNFC 的链接包含一些关于如何制定 BNF 语法的帮助和指示。祝你好运！
于 2012-03-06T12:07:18.693 回答
5
Dave Wingate 提供了一些 Antler 资源，这些资源看起来像是一个很好的起点。如他的 README 文件中所述，他不包括转置运算符和其他一些棘手的解析。请参阅此处的mparser链接：
http ://web.mit.edu/~wingated/www/resources.html
来自西北大学的一个小组在一份文件中也描述了早期版本的 Matlab (1999) 的一些棘手部分。它包括类似 EBNF 的描述。它还在一些脚注中概述了一些令人讨厌的地方。
http://www.ece.northwestern.edu/cpdc/pjoisha/MAGICA/CPDC-TR-9909-017.pdf
我收集了其他一些不太相关的资源，但 stackoverflow 的编辑器机器人告诉我，我没有足够的声誉点来发布两个以上的链接。
于 2014-07-06T20:54:39.110 回答
5
我不确定它何时出现（可能是 2019 年 3 月至 4 月），但现在可以在Mathworks 的 GitHub 上找到它。这是定义语法的 xml 文件（截至 2019 年 4 月 9 日；压缩以避免 SO 后字符限制）：
版权所有 2018 The MathWorks, Inc.，在 BSD2 许可下。
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(^\s*) # Leading whitespace
(function)
\s+
(?: # Optional
(?:
(\[) ([^\]]*) (\])
| ([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)
)
\s* = \s*
)?
([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*(\.[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)*) # Function name
\s* # Trailing space
</string><key>beginCaptures</key><dict><key>2</key><dict><key>name</key><string>storage.type.function.matlab</string></dict><key>3</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.arguments.begin.matlab</string></dict><key>4</key><dict><key>patterns</key><array><dict><key>match</key><string>\w+</string><key>name</key><string>variable.parameter.output.matlab</string></dict></array></dict><key>5</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.arguments.end.matlab</string></dict><key>6</key><dict><key>name</key><string>variable.parameter.output.function.matlab</string></dict><key>7</key><dict><key>name</key><string>entity.name.function.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>end</key><string>^\s*(end)\b(\s*\n)?</string><key>endCaptures</key><dict><key>1</key><dict><key>name</key><string>keyword.control.end.function.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>name</key><string>meta.function.matlab</string><key>patterns</key><array><dict><key>begin</key><string>\G\(</string><key>end</key><string>\)</string><key>name</key><string>meta.arguments.function.matlab</string><key>patterns</key><array><dict><key>match</key><string>\w+</string><key>name</key><string>variable.parameter.input.matlab</string></dict></array></dict><dict><key>include</key><string>$self</string></dict></array></dict></array></dict><key>global_persistent</key><dict><key>captures</key><dict><key>1</key><dict><key>name</key><string>keyword.control.globalpersistent.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>match</key><string>^\s*(global|persistent)\b</string><key>name</key><string>meta.globalpersistent.matlab</string></dict><key>line_continuation</key><dict><key>captures</key><dict><key>1</key><dict><key>name</key><string>keyword.operator.symbols.matlab</string></dict><key>2</key><dict><key>name</key><string>comment.line.continuation.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>comment</key><string>Line continuations</string><key>match</key><string>(\.\.\.)(.*)$</string><key>name</key><string>meta.linecontinuation.matlab</string></dict><key>string</key><dict><key>patterns</key><array><dict><key>captures</key><dict><key>1</key><dict><key>name</key><string>string.interpolated.matlab</string></dict><key>2</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>comment</key><string>Shell command</string><key>match</key><string>^\s*((!).*$\n?)</string></dict><dict><key>begin</key><string>((?<=(\[|\(|\{|=|\s|;|:|,|~|<|>|&|\||-|\+|\*|/|\\|\.|\^))|^)'</string><key>beginCaptures</key><dict><key>0</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>comment</key><string>Character vector literal (single-quoted)</string><key>end</key><string>'(?=(\[|\(|\{|\]|\)|\}|=|~|<|>|&|\||-|\+|\*|/|\\|\.|\^|\s|;|:|,))</string><key>endCaptures</key><dict><key>0</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.string.end.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>name</key><string>string.quoted.single.matlab</string><key>patterns</key><array><dict><key>match</key><string>''</string><key>name</key><string>constant.character.escape.matlab</string></dict><dict><key>match</key><string>'(?=.)</string><key>name</key><string>invalid.illegal.unescaped-quote.matlab</string></dict><dict><key>comment</key><string>Operator symbols</string><key>match</key><string>((\%([\+\-0]?\d{0,3}(\.\d{1,3})?)(c|d|e|E|f|g|G|s|((b|t)?(o|u|x|X))))|\%\%|\\(b|f|n|r|t|\\))</string><key>name</key><string>constant.character.escape.matlab</string></dict></array></dict><dict><key>begin</key><string>((?<=(\[|\(|\{|=|\s|;|:|,|~|<|>|&|\||-|\+|\*|/|\\|\.|\^))|^)"</string><key>beginCaptures</key><dict><key>0</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>comment</key><string>String literal (double-quoted)</string><key>end</key><string>"(?=(\[|\(|\{|\]|\)|\}|=|~|<|>|&|\||-|\+|\*|/|\\|\.|\^|\||\s|;|:|,))</string><key>endCaptures</key><dict><key>0</key><dict><key>name</key><string>punctuation.definition.string.end.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>name</key><string>string.quoted.double.matlab</string><key>patterns</key><array><dict><key>match</key><string>""</string><key>name</key><string>constant.character.escape.matlab</string></dict><dict><key>match</key><string>"(?=.)</string><key>name</key><string>invalid.illegal.unescaped-quote.matlab</string></dict></array></dict></array></dict><key>transpose</key><dict><key>match</key><string>((\w+)|(?<=\])|(?<=\)))\.?'</string><key>name</key><string>keyword.operator.transpose.matlab</string></dict><key>constants</key><dict><key>comment</key><string>MATLAB Constants</string><key>match</key><string>(?<!\.)\b(eps|false|Inf|inf|intmax|intmin|namelengthmax|NaN|nan|on|off|realmax|realmin|true|pi)\b</string><key>name</key><string>constant.language.matlab</string></dict><key>variables</key><dict><key>comment</key><string>MATLAB variables</string><key>match</key><string>(?<!\.)\b(nargin|nargout|varargin|varargout)\b</string><key>name</key><string>variable.other.function.matlab</string></dict><key>end_in_parens</key><dict><key>comment</key><string>end as operator symbol</string><key>match</key><string>\bend\b</string><key>name</key><string>keyword.operator.symbols.matlab</string></dict><key>numbers</key><dict><key>comment</key><string>Valid numbers: 1, .1, 1.1, .1e1, 1.1e1, 1e1, 1i, 1j, 1e2j</string><key>match</key><string>(?<=[\s\-\+\*\/\\=:\[\(\{,]|^)\d*\.?\d+([eE][+-]?\d)?([0-9&&[^\.]])*(i|j)?\b</string><key>name</key><string>constant.numeric.matlab</string></dict><key>operators</key><dict><key>comment</key><string>Operator symbols</string><key>match</key><string>(?<=\s)(==|~=|>|>=|<|<=|&|&&|:|\||\|\||\+|-|\*|\.\*|/|\./|\\|\.\\|\^|\.\^)(?=\s)</string><key>name</key><string>keyword.operator.symbols.matlab</string></dict></dict><key>scopeName</key><string>source.matlab</string><key>uuid</key><string>48F8858B-72FF-11D9-BFEE-000D93589AF6</string></dict></plist>
于 2019-07-02T13:53:59.180 回答