core-data - 核心数据：在谓词中查询 objectID？

Question

我正在使用获取请求和谓词从核心数据持久存储中获取一组对象。我当前的谓词只是检查一个属性是否 >= 某个值。这一切都很好，除了我想最终排除当前保存在数组中的任何对象。

我基本上需要能够排除一组对象，我认为我能做到这一点的唯一方法是能够objectID从我的托管对象数组中获取一个列表，并在我的谓词中创建另一个表达式以确保任何对象返回的不一样objectID。即@"ANY records.objectID NOT IN %@", arrayOfObjectID。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

像这样的谓词

NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"NOT (self IN %@)", arrayOfExcludedObjects];

其中获取请求的实体是数组中对象的实体，应该做你想做的事。当然，这可以与获取请求的单个谓词中的其他子句结合使用。

一般来说，对象比较（例如self == %@or self IN %@）objectID在 Core Data 查询中进行比较。参数可以是 NSManagedObject 实例或实例NSMangedObjectID。所以上面的谓词格式可以采用arrayOfExcludedObjectsor[arrayOfExcludedObjects valueForKey:@"objectID"]作为参数。

Answer 2

虽然@BarryWark 的回答在处理获取请求时是正确的，但我想向那些将尝试将此规则应用于过滤核心数据对多关系的人写一个警告。

很快：如果在过滤多对关系时您使用谓词并且您的 IN 查询对象数组是一个 objectID 数组 - 那么您应该在查询字符串中使用self.objectID ，例如

NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(self.objectID IN %@)", arrayOfObjectIDs];

因为仅(self IN %@)在过滤多对关系的情况下使用会导致不正确的结果——它只是一个评估谓词的 NSArray，它对 Core Data 的 NSManagedObjectID 东西一无所知。

我制作了特殊的测试代码来展示这一点。对不起这么多台词，但值得。有两个实体：User 和 Post，并且 User 有一个名为“posts”的对多关系。

User *user = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:NSStringFromClass([User class]) inManagedObjectContext:managedObjectContext()];

Post *post = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:NSStringFromClass([Post class]) inManagedObjectContext:managedObjectContext()];

[user addPostsObject:post];

[managedObjectContext() save:nil];

// 1. Both filtered relationship array and fetch result are correct!
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(self IN %@)", @[ post ]];

NSSet *filteredRelationship = [user.posts filteredSetUsingPredicate:predicate];

NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Post"];
NSArray *fetchResult = [managedObjectContext() executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];

NSLog(@"\n\n\nPredicate: %@", predicate);
NSLog(@"filteredRelationship: %@", filteredRelationship);
NSLog(@"fetchResult: %@", fetchResult);

// 2. Filtered relationship array is empty (wrong), fetch result is correct, !
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(self IN %@)", @[ post.objectID ]];

filteredRelationship = [user.posts filteredSetUsingPredicate:predicate];

fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Post"];
fetchResult = [managedObjectContext() executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];

NSLog(@"\n\n\nPredicate: %@", predicate);
NSLog(@"filteredRelationship: %@", filteredRelationship);
NSLog(@"fetchResult: %@", fetchResult);

// 3. Filtered relationship array is empty (wrong), fetch result is correct
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(self.objectID IN %@)", @[ post ]];

filteredRelationship = [user.posts filteredSetUsingPredicate:predicate];

fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Post"];
fetchResult = [managedObjectContext() executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];

NSLog(@"\n\n\nPredicate: %@", predicate);
NSLog(@"filteredRelationship: %@", filteredRelationship);
NSLog(@"fetchResult: %@", fetchResult);

// 4. Filtered relationship array is correct, fetch result is correct
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(self.objectID IN %@)", @[ post.objectID ]];

filteredRelationship = [user.posts filteredSetUsingPredicate:predicate];

fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] initWithEntityName:@"Post"];
fetchResult = [managedObjectContext() executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:nil];

NSLog(@"\n\n\nPredicate: %@", predicate);
NSLog(@"filteredRelationship: %@", filteredRelationship);
NSLog(@"fetchResult: %@", fetchResult);

---

TLDR 输出

<redacted> Predicate: SELF IN {<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: { content = nil; title = nil; user = "0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>"; })}

<redacted> filteredRelationship: {(<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: { content = nil; title = nil; user = "0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>"; }) )}

<redacted> fetchResult: ("<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: {\n    content = nil;\n    title = nil;\n    user = \"0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>\";\n})")

<redacted> Predicate: SELF IN {0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1>}

<redacted> filteredRelationship: {()}

<redacted> fetchResult: ("<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: {\n    content = nil;\n    title = nil;\n    user = \"0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>\";\n})")

<redacted> Predicate: objectID IN {<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: { content = nil; title = nil; user = "0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>";})}

<redacted> filteredRelationship: {()}

<redacted> fetchResult: ("<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: {\n    content = nil;\n    title = nil;\n    user = \"0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>\";\n})")

<redacted> Predicate: objectID IN {0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1>} 

<redacted> filteredRelationship: {(<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: { content = nil; title = nil; user = "0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>";}))}

<redacted> fetchResult: ("<Post: 0x2a04f10> (entity: Post; id: 0x2a56c40 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/Post/p1> ; data: {\n    content = nil;\n    title = nil;\n    user = \"0x2af2a20 <x-coredata://9D07BF41-2DC0-42C1-9DD8-6082A00E7BEB/User/p1>\";\n})")

Answer 3

斯威夫特 3 解决方案

我遇到了同样的情况，因此我在下面发布了一个 swift 3 解决方案

let predicate = NSPredicate(format:"NOT (self IN %@)",[arrayofNSManagedObjects])