给定 Windows 注册表项的句柄,例如由 ::RegOpenKeyEx() 设置的那些,是否可以确定该键的完整路径?
我意识到,在一个简单的应用程序中,您所要做的就是查找 5 或 10 行并阅读......但在像我正在调试的应用程序这样的复杂应用程序中,我感兴趣的密钥可以从一系列中打开的电话。
使用LoadLibrary
和NtQueryKey
导出函数,如以下代码片段所示。
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
typedef LONG NTSTATUS;
#ifndef STATUS_SUCCESS
#define STATUS_SUCCESS ((NTSTATUS)0x00000000L)
#endif
#ifndef STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
#define STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL ((NTSTATUS)0xC0000023L)
#endif
std::wstring GetKeyPathFromKKEY(HKEY key)
{
std::wstring keyPath;
if (key != NULL)
{
HMODULE dll = LoadLibrary(L"ntdll.dll");
if (dll != NULL) {
typedef DWORD (__stdcall *NtQueryKeyType)(
HANDLE KeyHandle,
int KeyInformationClass,
PVOID KeyInformation,
ULONG Length,
PULONG ResultLength);
NtQueryKeyType func = reinterpret_cast<NtQueryKeyType>(::GetProcAddress(dll, "NtQueryKey"));
if (func != NULL) {
DWORD size = 0;
DWORD result = 0;
result = func(key, 3, 0, 0, &size);
if (result == STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL)
{
size = size + 2;
wchar_t* buffer = new (std::nothrow) wchar_t[size/sizeof(wchar_t)]; // size is in bytes
if (buffer != NULL)
{
result = func(key, 3, buffer, size, &size);
if (result == STATUS_SUCCESS)
{
buffer[size / sizeof(wchar_t)] = L'\0';
keyPath = std::wstring(buffer + 2);
}
delete[] buffer;
}
}
}
FreeLibrary(dll);
}
}
return keyPath;
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
HKEY key = NULL;
LONG ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
ret = RegOpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, L"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft", &key);
if (ret == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
wprintf_s(L"Key path for %p is '%s'.", key, GetKeyPathFromKKEY(key).c_str());
RegCloseKey(key);
}
return 0;
}
这将在控制台上打印密钥路径:
00000FDC 的密钥路径是 '\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft'。
名义上没有,因为它只是一个句柄,而且我知道没有 API 可以让您在普通的 Windows API 中执行此操作。
然而,Native API 有很多功能,其中一些可以为您提供打开给定文件等的句柄,因此注册表可能有类似的东西。那和 SysInternals 的 RegMon 可能会做这样的事情,但恐怕你必须谷歌:/
您可以使用RegSaveKey并将其写入文件,然后查看该文件。
或者,您可以保留 HKEY 到 LPCWSTR 的全局映射,并在打开它们时添加条目并随时进行查找。
您也可以使用 WinDBG / NTSD 中的 !reg 命令做一些事情,但您不能只给它 HKEY。你必须做一些其他的诡计才能得到你想要的信息。
我很高兴找到这篇文章及其广受欢迎的解决方案。直到我发现我系统的NTDLL.DLL 没有NtQueryKeyType。
经过一番搜索,我在 DDK 论坛中遇到了 ZwQueryKey。
它在 C# 中,但这是对我有用的解决方案:
enum KEY_INFORMATION_CLASS
{
KeyBasicInformation, // A KEY_BASIC_INFORMATION structure is supplied.
KeyNodeInformation, // A KEY_NODE_INFORMATION structure is supplied.
KeyFullInformation, // A KEY_FULL_INFORMATION structure is supplied.
KeyNameInformation, // A KEY_NAME_INFORMATION structure is supplied.
KeyCachedInformation, // A KEY_CACHED_INFORMATION structure is supplied.
KeyFlagsInformation, // Reserved for system use.
KeyVirtualizationInformation, // A KEY_VIRTUALIZATION_INFORMATION structure is supplied.
KeyHandleTagsInformation, // Reserved for system use.
MaxKeyInfoClass // The maximum value in this enumeration type.
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct KEY_NAME_INFORMATION
{
public UInt32 NameLength; // The size, in bytes, of the key name string in the Name array.
public char[] Name; // An array of wide characters that contains the name of the key.
// This character string is not null-terminated.
// Only the first element in this array is included in the
// KEY_NAME_INFORMATION structure definition.
// The storage for the remaining elements in the array immediately
// follows this element.
}
[DllImport("ntdll.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
private static extern int ZwQueryKey(IntPtr hKey, KEY_INFORMATION_CLASS KeyInformationClass, IntPtr lpKeyInformation, int Length, out int ResultLength);
public static String GetHKeyName(IntPtr hKey)
{
String result = String.Empty;
IntPtr pKNI = IntPtr.Zero;
int needed = 0;
int status = ZwQueryKey(hKey, KEY_INFORMATION_CLASS.KeyNameInformation, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out needed);
if ((UInt32)status == 0xC0000023) // STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
{
pKNI = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(sizeof(UInt32) + needed + 4 /*paranoia*/);
status = ZwQueryKey(hKey, KEY_INFORMATION_CLASS.KeyNameInformation, pKNI, needed, out needed);
if (status == 0) // STATUS_SUCCESS
{
char[] bytes = new char[2 + needed + 2];
Marshal.Copy(pKNI, bytes, 0, needed);
// startIndex == 2 skips the NameLength field of the structure (2 chars == 4 bytes)
// needed/2 reduces value from bytes to chars
// needed/2 - 2 reduces length to not include the NameLength
result = new String(bytes, 2, (needed/2)-2);
}
}
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pKNI);
return result;
}
我只是在以管理员身份运行时尝试过它,这可能是必需的。
结果的格式有点奇怪:\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\company\product
例如,而不是HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\company\product
.
对于ntsd/windbg
:
!handle yourhandle 4