从http://cocoaheads.tumblr.com/post/17757846453/objective-c-literals-for-nsdictionary-nsarray-and逐字复制:
Objective-C 文字:现在可以为 NSArray、NSDictionary 和 NSNumber 创建文字(就像可以为 NSString 创建文字一样)
NSArray 字面量
之前:
array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:a, b, c, nil];
现在:
array = @[ a, b, c ];
NSDictionary 字面量
之前:
dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:@[o1, o2, o3]
forKeys:@[k1, k2, k3]];
现在:
dict = @{ k1 : o1, k2 : o2, k3 : o3 };
NSNumber 字面量
之前:
NSNumber *number;
number = [NSNumber numberWithChar:'X'];
number = [NSNumber numberWithInt:12345];
number = [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedLong:12345ul];
number = [NSNumber numberWithLongLong:12345ll];
number = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:123.45f];
number = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:123.45];
number = [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES];
现在:
NSNumber *number;
number = @'X';
number = @12345;
number = @12345ul;
number = @12345ll;
number = @123.45f;
number = @123.45;
number = @YES;
[编辑]
http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3672744上的zxoq添加了更多有趣的新下标。(添加文字):
arr[1] === [arr objectAtIndex:1]
dict[@"key"] === [dict objectForKey:@"key"]
[编辑 2]
新的 ObjC 文字在多个WWDC 2012会议中进行了讨论。我故意没有删除每张幻灯片的文件名和时间,所以如果你愿意,你可以自己找到它们。它们本质上与本文中所述相同,但还有一些我将在图片上方提到的新事物。
请注意,图像都很大。只需将它们拖到另一个选项卡中即可以原始大小查看它们
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[NSNumber numberWithint:42]
[NSNumber numberWithDouble:10.8]
[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES]
[NSNumber numberWithint:6 + x * 2012]
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@42
@10.8
@YES
@(6 + x * 2012)
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[NSArray arrayWithObjects: a, b, c, nil]
[array objectAtIndex:i]
[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: v1, k1, v2, k2, nil];
[dictionary valueForKey:k]
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@[a, b, c]
array[i]
@{k1:v1, k2:v2}
dictionary[k]
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这部分是新的。表达式文字
当你有一个表达式(M_PI / 16
例如)时,你应该把它放在括号内。
此语法适用于数字表达式、布尔值、在 (C-) 字符串中查找索引、布尔值、枚举常量,甚至字符串!
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NSNumber *piOverSixteen = [NSNumber numberWithDouble: (M_PI / 16)];
NSNumber *hexDigit = [NSNumber numberWithChar:"0123456789ABCDEF"[i % 16]];
NSNumber *usesScreenFonts = [NSNumber numberWithBool:[NSLayoutManager usesScreenFonts]];
NSNumber *writingDirection = [NSNumber numberWithInt:NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight];
NSNumber *path = [NSString stringWithUTF8String: getenv("PATH")];
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NSNumber *piOverSixteen = @( M_PI / 16 );
NSNumber *hexDigit = @( "0123456789ABCDEF"[i % 16] );
NSNumber *usesScreenFonts = @( [NSLayoutManager usesScreenFonts] );
NSNumber *writingDirection = @( NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight );
NSNumber *path = @( getenv("PATH") );
有关字符串以及如何/何时可以使用此文字语法的更多信息:
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NSString *path = [NSString stringWithUTF8String: getenv("PATH")];
for (NSString *dir in [path componentsSeparatedByString: @":"]) {
// search for a file in dir...
}
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NSString *path = @( getenv("PATH") );
for (NSString *dir in [path componentsSeparatedByString: @":"]) {
// search for a file in dir...
}
数组字面量如何工作
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// when you write this:
array = @[a, b, c ];
// compiler generates:
id objects[] = { a, b, c };
NSUInteger count = sizeof(objects) / sizeof(id);
array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:objects count:count];
字典文字如何工作
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// when you write this:
dict = @{k1 : o1, k2 : o2, k3 : o3 };
// compiler generates:
id objects[] = { o1, o2, o3 };
id keys[] = { k1, k2, k3 };
NSUInteger count = sizeof(objects) / sizeof(id);
dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objects
forKeys:keys
count:count];
更多关于数组下标
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@implementation SongList {
NSMutableArray *_songs;
}
- (Song *)replaceSong:(Song *)newSong atindex:(NSUinteger)idx {
Song *oldSong = [_songs objectAtIndex:idx];
[_songs replaceObjectAtindex:idx withObject:newSong];
return oldSong;
}
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@implementation SongList {
NSMutableArray *_songs;
}
- (Song *)replaceSong:(Song *)newSong atindex:(NSUinteger)idx {
Song *oldSong = _songs[idx];
_songs[idx] = newSong;
return oldSong;
}
更多关于字典下标
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@implementation Database {
NSMutableDictionary *_storage;
}
- (id)replaceObject:(id)newObject forKey:(id <NSCopying>)key {
id oldObject = [_storage objectForKey:key];
[_storage setObject:object forKey:key];
return oldObject;
}
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@implementation Database {
NSMutableDictionary *_storage;
}
- (id)replaceObject:(id)newObject forKey:(id <NSCopying>)key {
id oldObject = _storage[key];
_storage[key] = newObject;
return oldObject;
}
[编辑 3]
Mike Ash有一篇关于这些新文字的精彩文章。如果您想了解更多有关这些内容的信息,请务必查看。