在 R 中,当某些系数由于奇异性而被丢弃时,如何使用 vcovHC() 计算稳健的标准误差?标准 lm 函数似乎可以很好地计算实际估计的所有系数的正常标准误差,但 vcovHC() 会引发错误:“面包错误。%*% 肉。:不符合的参数”。
(我使用的实际数据有点复杂。事实上,它是一个使用两种不同固定效应的模型,我遇到了无法简单摆脱的局部奇点。至少我不知道如何。对于我使用的两个固定效应第一个因子有 150 个级别,第二个有 142 个级别,总共有 9 个奇点,这是因为数据是在十个块中收集的。)
这是我的输出:
Call:
lm(formula = one ~ two + three + Jan + Feb + Mar + Apr + May +
Jun + Jul + Aug + Sep + Oct + Nov + Dec, data = dat)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-130.12 -60.95 0.08 61.05 137.35
Coefficients: (1 not defined because of singularities)
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 1169.74313 57.36807 20.390 <2e-16 ***
two -0.07963 0.06720 -1.185 0.237
three -0.04053 0.06686 -0.606 0.545
Jan 8.10336 22.05552 0.367 0.714
Feb 0.44025 22.11275 0.020 0.984
Mar 19.65066 22.02454 0.892 0.373
Apr -13.19779 22.02886 -0.599 0.550
May 15.39534 22.10445 0.696 0.487
Jun -12.50227 22.07013 -0.566 0.572
Jul -20.58648 22.06772 -0.933 0.352
Aug -0.72223 22.36923 -0.032 0.974
Sep 12.42204 22.09296 0.562 0.574
Oct 25.14836 22.04324 1.141 0.255
Nov 18.13337 22.08717 0.821 0.413
Dec NA NA NA NA
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 69.63 on 226 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.04878, Adjusted R-squared: -0.005939
F-statistic: 0.8914 on 13 and 226 DF, p-value: 0.5629
> model$se <- vcovHC(model)
Error in bread. %*% meat. : non-conformable arguments
这是为重现错误而截取的最小代码。
library(sandwich)
set.seed(101)
dat<-data.frame(one=c(sample(1000:1239)),
two=c(sample(200:439)),
three=c(sample(600:839)),
Jan=c(rep(1,20),rep(0,220)),
Feb=c(rep(0,20),rep(1,20),rep(0,200)),
Mar=c(rep(0,40),rep(1,20),rep(0,180)),
Apr=c(rep(0,60),rep(1,20),rep(0,160)),
May=c(rep(0,80),rep(1,20),rep(0,140)),
Jun=c(rep(0,100),rep(1,20),rep(0,120)),
Jul=c(rep(0,120),rep(1,20),rep(0,100)),
Aug=c(rep(0,140),rep(1,20),rep(0,80)),
Sep=c(rep(0,160),rep(1,20),rep(0,60)),
Oct=c(rep(0,180),rep(1,20),rep(0,40)),
Nov=c(rep(0,200),rep(1,20),rep(0,20)),
Dec=c(rep(0,220),rep(1,20)))
model <- lm(one ~ two + three + Jan + Feb + Mar + Apr + May + Jun + Jul + Aug + Sep + Oct + Nov + Dec, data=dat)
summary(model)
model$se <- vcovHC(model)