我正在尝试遍历服务器和密码列表以更改一组服务器上的 sshd 配置，以便我可以使用无密码 SSH 密钥通过 root 登录/运行命令。
我可以在 bash 中轻松做到这一点，但我正在尝试学习 Python，并且（显然）想放弃手动输入密码。
这是我想做的事情：
scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /etc/ssh/sshd_config USER@IP:/tmp/
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -t USER@IP "su - root -c \"chown root:root /tmp/id_rsa.pub; chmod 600 /tmp/id_rsa.pub; chown root:root /tmp/sshd_config; mkdir /root/.ssh; chown root:root /root/.ssh; chmod 700 /root/.ssh; mv /tmp/id_rsa.pub /root/.ssh/authorized_keys; mv /tmp/sshd_config /etc/ssh/; service sshd reload\""
我已经接近用 pexpect 在 Python 中做到这一点：
import pexpect
USER="user"
HOST="192.168.1.1"
USERPASS="userpass"
ROOTPASS="rootpass"
COMMAND1="scp /Users/user/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /Users/user/github/ssh-pexpect/sshd_config %s@%s:/tmp/" % (USER, HOST)
COMMAND2="ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -t %s@%s \"su - root -c \"chown root:root /tmp/id_rsa.pub; chmod 600 /tmp/id_rsa.pub; chown root:root /tmp/sshd_config; mkdir /root/.ssh; chown root:root /root/.ssh; chmod 700 /root/.ssh; mv /tmp/id_rsa.pub /root/.ssh/authorized_keys; mv /tmp/sshd_config /etc/ssh/; service sshd reload\"\"" % (USER, HOST)
child = pexpect.spawn(COMMAND1)
child.expect('password:')
child.sendline(USERPASS)
child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
print child.before
child = pexpect.spawn(COMMAND2)
child.expect('password:')
child.sendline(USERPASS)
child.expect('Password:')
child.sendline(ROOTPASS)
child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
print child.before
当我运行 COMMAND1 (scp'ing) 工作正常。但 COMMAND2 失败：
server1:ssh-pexpect user$ python test4.py
id_rsa.pub 100% 410 0.4KB/s 00:00
sshd_config 100% 3498 3.4KB/s 00:00
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test4.py", line 25, in <module>
child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pexpect.py", line 1316, in expect
return self.expect_list(compiled_pattern_list, timeout, searchwindowsize)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pexpect.py", line 1330, in expect_list
return self.expect_loop(searcher_re(pattern_list), timeout, searchwindowsize)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pexpect.py", line 1414, in expect_loop
raise TIMEOUT (str(e) + '\n' + str(self))
pexpect.TIMEOUT: Timeout exceeded in read_nonblocking().
<pexpect.spawn object at 0x102b796d0>
version: 2.4 ($Revision: 516 $)
command: /usr/bin/ssh
args: ['/usr/bin/ssh', '-o', 'StrictHostKeyChecking=no', '-t', 'user@192.168.1.1', 'su - root -c chown', 'root:root', '/tmp/id_rsa.pub;', 'chmod', '600', '/tmp/id_rsa.pub;', 'chown', 'root:root', '/tmp/sshd_config;', 'mkdir', '/root/.ssh;', 'chown', 'root:root', '/root/.ssh;', 'chmod', '700', '/root/.ssh;', 'mv', '/tmp/id_rsa.pub', '/root/.ssh/authorized_keys;', 'mv', '/tmp/sshd_config', '/etc/ssh/;', 'service', 'sshd', 'reload']
searcher: searcher_re:
0: EOF
buffer (last 100 chars): : Permission denied
mv: try to overwrite `/etc/ssh/sshd_config', overriding mode 0600 (rw-------)?
before (last 100 chars): : Permission denied
mv: try to overwrite `/etc/ssh/sshd_config', overriding mode 0600 (rw-------)?
after: <class 'pexpect.TIMEOUT'>
match: None
match_index: None
exitstatus: None
flag_eof: False
pid: 3612
child_fd: 4
closed: False
timeout: 30
delimiter: <class 'pexpect.EOF'>
logfile: None
logfile_read: None
logfile_send: None
maxread: 2000
ignorecase: False
searchwindowsize: None
delaybeforesend: 0.05
delayafterclose: 0.1
delayafterterminate: 0.1
如果我在运行脚本之前删除远程服务器上的 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件，我会得到：
server1:ssh-pexpect user$ python test4.py
id_rsa.pub 100% 410 0.4KB/s 00:00
sshd_config 100% 3498 3.4KB/s 00:00
chown: missing operand
Try `chown --help' for more information.
chown: changing ownership of `/tmp/sshd_config': Operation not permitted
mkdir: cannot create directory `/root/.ssh': Permission denied
chown: cannot access `/root/.ssh': Permission denied
chmod: cannot access `/root/.ssh': Permission denied
mv: accessing `/root/.ssh/authorized_keys': Permission denied
mv: cannot move `/tmp/sshd_config' to `/etc/ssh/sshd_config': Permission denied
bash: service: command not found
Connection to 192.168.1.1 closed.
我什至不确定如何调试它以查看它在哪里搞砸了。不过，我认为它没有正确解析 COMMAND2。对 Python 来说很新，所以任何建议都值得赞赏。谢谢。