4

新手问题....

试图在 Rails 中启动一个项目。我有不同的 csv 格式的电子表格，我想导入 MySQL 数据库以便能够操作数据。

在查看了 stackoverflow、Google 等之后，我写了一个 rake 任务，需要 fastcsv 来完成这项工作。我不断收到错误，希望您能提供帮助。

... 好的，所以我将代码更改为使用“csv”与“fastercsv”...仍然出现错误。见下文

Rake 文件的新代码（采取 3）：

require 'csv'

desc "Import gac from csv file"
task :import => [:environment] do

  file = "gac.csv"

  CSV.foreach(file, :headers => true) do |row|
    Institution.create({
    :institution_name => row[0],
    :website => row[1],    
    :email => row[2],
    :category_1 => row[3],
    :category_2 => row[4],
    :category_3 => row[5],
    :category_4 => row[6],
    :category_5 => row[7],
    :category_6 => row[8],
    :category_7 => row[9],
    :category_8 => row[10],
    :category_9 => row[11],
    :category_10 => row[12],
    :category_11 => row[13],
    :institution_description => row[14]
    })
  end
end

错误代码：

Daves-MacBook-Pro:vendor dave$ rake import --trace
** Invoke import (first_time)
** Invoke environment (first_time)
** Execute environment
** Execute import
rake aborted!
invalid byte sequence in UTF-8
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1855:in `sub!'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1855:in `block in shift'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1849:in `loop'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1849:in `shift'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1791:in `each'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1208:in `block in foreach'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1354:in `open'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1207:in `foreach'
/Users/dave/rails_projects/vendor/lib/tasks/import.rake:8:in `block in <top (required)>'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `call'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `block in execute'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `each'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `execute'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in `invoke'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in `invoke_task'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `each'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in top_level'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in `top_level'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in `block in run'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in `run'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/bin/rake:19:in `load'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/bin/rake:19:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => import
4

3 回答 3

3

lib/tasks/import.rake

require 'csv'

desc "Import gac from csv file"
task :import => [:environment] do

  file = "vender/gac.csv"

  CSV.foreach(file, :headers => true) do |row|
    Putthemodelnamehere.create ({
      :columnnamewhatever => row[1],
      :columnname => row[2],
      :columnname => row[4]
    })
  end
end

然后只需运行 rake import 或 bundle exec rake import。希望这会有所帮助（这不是使用fastcsv，但这是我推荐的解决方案。）

于 2012-01-19T18:27:44.603 回答
2

确保您已Institution定义模型类app/models和/或确保您已运行 db 迁移 ( rake db:migrate) 来创建机构表 - 假设您使用生成器（或脚手架）来创建模型。

于 2012-01-19T20:24:50.243 回答
2

您遇到的错误可能是因为您的 csv 中的某些内容未正确编码为 UTF-8。

一种处理方法是强制编码。您可以执行以下操作：

对于上面的每个关联，请改为执行以下操作：

:category_1 => row[3].encode("UTF-8", replace: ' '),

希望这对你有用。

于 2012-03-06T15:39:07.530 回答