25

我有一段这样的代码

host = 'http://www.bing.com/search?q=%s&go=&qs=n&sk=&sc=8-13&first=%s' % (query, page)
req = urllib2.Request(host)
req.add_header('User-Agent', User_Agent)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)

当我输入一个大于“狗”之类的单词的查询时，我收到以下错误。

response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 126, in urlopen
return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 400, in open
response = meth(req, response)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 513, in http_response
'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 438, in error
return self._call_chain(*args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 372, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 521, in http_error_default
raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp)
urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 400: Bad Request

谁能指出我做错了什么？提前致谢。

4

5 回答 5

63

“狗”返回 400 错误的原因是您没有转义 URL 的字符串。

如果你这样做：

import urllib, urllib2

quoted_query = urllib.quote(query)
host = 'http://www.bing.com/search?q=%s&go=&qs=n&sk=&sc=8-13&first=%s' % (quoted_query, page)
req = urllib2.Request(host)
req.add_header('User-Agent', User_Agent)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)

它会起作用的。

但是我强烈建议您使用请求而不是使用 urllib/urllib2/httplib。这要容易得多，它会为您处理所有这些。

这是与 python 请求相同的代码：

import requests

results = requests.get("http://www.bing.com/search", 
              params={'q': query, 'first': page}, 
              headers={'User-Agent': user_agent})
于 2012-01-12T18:38:37.077 回答
6

您需要urllib.quote()在“查询”变量上使用：

query = urllib.quote(query)
host = 'http://www.bing.com/search?q=%s&go=&qs=n&sk=&sc=8-13&first=%s' % (query, page)

这会进行必要的 URL 转义以将空间转换big dog为big%20dog.

于 2012-01-12T18:36:37.110 回答
4

你必须使用urllib.quote

于 2012-01-12T18:35:15.453 回答
2

这是一个如何在 Python 3.6 及更高版本中使用 urllib.request 对象的示例。

import urllib.request
import json
from pprint import pprint

url = "some_url"

values = {
    "first_name": "Vlad",
    "last_name": "Bezden",
    "urls": [
        "https://twitter.com/VladBezden",
        "https://github.com/vlad-bezden",
    ],
}


headers = {
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
    "Accept": "application/json",
}

data = json.dumps(values).encode("utf-8")
pprint(data)

try:
    req = urllib.request.Request(url, data, headers)
    with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as f:
        res = f.read()
    pprint(res.decode())
except Exception as e:
    pprint(e)
于 2019-08-08T14:21:44.360 回答
0

我也遇到了同样的问题。原来问题是方法设置不当。当你在 urllib2.urlopen() 中包含 urlencoded 数据时，方法应该设置为 POST，当你排除它时，方法应该是 GET。那么，如何设置方法如下：

对于 POST 请求

request_object = urllib2.Request(url)
method = ("POST", "GET")
request_object.get_method = lambda: method[0] #If method is set to POST
url_handle = opener.open(req, data) #If method is set to POST

对于 GET 请求

request_object = urllib2.Request(url)
method = ("POST", "GET")
request_object.get_method = lambda: method[1] #If method is set to GET
url_handle = opener.open(req) #If method is set to GET

这会将您的 url 请求方法设置为适当的所需方法

于 2015-08-22T05:54:22.177 回答