我有一个 SQL Server 存储过程，我想将一个varchar完整的逗号分隔值传递给一个IN函数。例如：
DECLARE @Ids varchar(50);
SET @Ids = '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234';
SELECT *
FROM sometable
WHERE tableid IN (@Ids);
这当然行不通。我得到错误：
将 varchar 值 '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234' 转换为数据类型 int 时转换失败。
我怎样才能在不求助于构建动态 SQL 的情况下完成这个（或类似的事情）？
当然，如果你像我一样懒惰，你可以这样做：
Declare @Ids varchar(50) Set @Ids = ',1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234,'
Select * from sometable
where Charindex(','+cast(tableid as varchar(8000))+',', @Ids) > 0
不要使用循环分割字符串的函数！，我下面的函数将非常快地分割一个字符串，没有循环！
在你使用我的功能之前，你需要建立一个“帮助”表，每个数据库只需要这样做一次：
CREATE TABLE Numbers
(Number int NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_Numbers PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (Number ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
DECLARE @x int
SET @x=0
WHILE @x<8000
BEGIN
SET @x=@x+1
INSERT INTO Numbers VALUES (@x)
END
使用这个函数来分割你的字符串，它不会循环并且非常快：
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[FN_ListToTable]
(
@SplitOn char(1) --REQUIRED, the character to split the @List string on
,@List varchar(8000) --REQUIRED, the list to split apart
)
RETURNS
@ParsedList table
(
ListValue varchar(500)
)
AS
BEGIN
/**
Takes the given @List string and splits it apart based on the given @SplitOn character.
A table is returned, one row per split item, with a column name "ListValue".
This function workes for fixed or variable lenght items.
Empty and null items will not be included in the results set.
Returns a table, one row per item in the list, with a column name "ListValue"
EXAMPLE:
----------
SELECT * FROM dbo.FN_ListToTable(',','1,12,123,1234,54321,6,A,*,|||,,,,B')
returns:
ListValue
-----------
1
12
123
1234
54321
6
A
*
|||
B
(10 row(s) affected)
**/
----------------
--SINGLE QUERY-- --this will not return empty rows
----------------
INSERT INTO @ParsedList
(ListValue)
SELECT
ListValue
FROM (SELECT
LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(List2, number+1, CHARINDEX(@SplitOn, List2, number+1)-number - 1))) AS ListValue
FROM (
SELECT @SplitOn + @List + @SplitOn AS List2
) AS dt
INNER JOIN Numbers n ON n.Number < LEN(dt.List2)
WHERE SUBSTRING(List2, number, 1) = @SplitOn
) dt2
WHERE ListValue IS NOT NULL AND ListValue!=''
RETURN
END --Function FN_ListToTable
您可以将此函数用作连接中的表：
SELECT
Col1, COl2, Col3...
FROM YourTable
INNER JOIN FN_ListToTable(',',@YourString) s ON YourTable.ID = s.ListValue
这是您的示例：
Select * from sometable where tableid in(SELECT ListValue FROM dbo.FN_ListToTable(',',@Ids) s)
无表无功能无循环
基于将您的列表解析为我们的 DBA 建议使用 XML 的表的想法。
Declare @Ids varchar(50)
Set @Ids = ‘1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234’
DECLARE @XML XML
SET @XML = CAST('<i>' + REPLACE(@Ids, ',', '</i><i>') + '</i>' AS XML)
SELECT *
FROM
SomeTable
INNER JOIN @XML.nodes('i') x(i)
ON SomeTable .Id = x.i.value('.', 'VARCHAR(MAX)')
这些似乎与@KM 的答案具有相同的性能，但我认为要简单得多。
您可以创建一个返回表的函数。
所以你的陈述会是这样的
select * from someable
join Splitfunction(@ids) as splits on sometable.id = splits.id
这是一个模拟函数。
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[FUNC_SplitOrderIDs]
(
@OrderList varchar(500)
)
RETURNS
@ParsedList table
(
OrderID int
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @OrderID varchar(10), @Pos int
SET @OrderList = LTRIM(RTRIM(@OrderList))+ ','
SET @Pos = CHARINDEX(',', @OrderList, 1)
IF REPLACE(@OrderList, ',', '') <> ''
BEGIN
WHILE @Pos > 0
BEGIN
SET @OrderID = LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(@OrderList, @Pos - 1)))
IF @OrderID <> ''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @ParsedList (OrderID)
VALUES (CAST(@OrderID AS int)) --Use Appropriate conversion
END
SET @OrderList = RIGHT(@OrderList, LEN(@OrderList) - @Pos)
SET @Pos = CHARINDEX(',', @OrderList, 1)
END
END
RETURN
END
这是一个很常见的问题。罐头答案，几个不错的技巧：
这完美！下面的答案太复杂了。不要将其视为动态的。如下设置您的存储过程：
(@id as varchar(50))
as
Declare @query as nvarchar(max)
set @query ='
select * from table
where id in('+@id+')'
EXECUTE sp_executesql @query
在不使用动态 SQL 的情况下，您必须获取输入变量并使用拆分函数将数据放入临时表中，然后加入该表。
我可以建议WITH这样使用：
DECLARE @Delim char(1) = ',';
SET @Ids = @Ids + @Delim;
WITH CTE(i, ls, id) AS (
SELECT 1, CHARINDEX(@Delim, @Ids, 1), SUBSTRING(@Ids, 1, CHARINDEX(@Delim, @Ids, 1) - 1)
UNION ALL
SELECT i + 1, CHARINDEX(@Delim, @Ids, ls + 1), SUBSTRING(@Ids, ls + 1, CHARINDEX(@Delim, @Ids, ls + 1) - CHARINDEX(@Delim, @Ids, ls) - 1)
FROM CTE
WHERE CHARINDEX(@Delim, @Ids, ls + 1) > 1
)
SELECT t.*
FROM yourTable t
INNER JOIN
CTE c
ON t.id = c.id;
我认为一个非常简单的解决方案可能如下：
DECLARE @Ids varchar(50);
SET @Ids = '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234';
SELECT *
FROM sometable
WHERE ','+@Ids+',' LIKE '%,'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(50),tableid)+',%';
谢谢，我使用它的功能............这是我的示例
**UPDATE [RD].[PurchaseOrderHeader]
SET [DispatchCycleNumber] ='10'
WHERE OrderNumber in(select * FROM XA.fn_SplitOrderIDs(@InvoiceNumberList))**
CREATE FUNCTION [XA].[fn_SplitOrderIDs]
(
@OrderList varchar(500)
)
RETURNS
@ParsedList table
(
OrderID int
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @OrderID varchar(10), @Pos int
SET @OrderList = LTRIM(RTRIM(@OrderList))+ ','
SET @Pos = CHARINDEX(',', @OrderList, 1)
IF REPLACE(@OrderList, ',', '') <> ''
BEGIN
WHILE @Pos > 0
BEGIN
SET @OrderID = LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(@OrderList, @Pos - 1)))
IF @OrderID <> ''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @ParsedList (OrderID)
VALUES (CAST(@OrderID AS int)) --Use Appropriate conversion
END
SET @OrderList = RIGHT(@OrderList, LEN(@OrderList) - @Pos)
SET @Pos = CHARINDEX(',', @OrderList, 1)
END
END
RETURN
END
如果您使用 SQL Server 2008 或更高版本，请使用表值参数；例如：
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetAccounts](@accountIds nvarchar)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT *
FROM accountsTable
WHERE accountId IN (select * from @accountIds)
END
CREATE TYPE intListTableType AS TABLE (n int NOT NULL)
DECLARE @tvp intListTableType
-- inserts each id to one row in the tvp table
INSERT @tvp(n) VALUES (16509),(16685),(46173),(42925),(46167),(5511)
EXEC GetAccounts @tvp
已经有一段时间了，但我过去曾使用 XML 作为过渡。
我对此不以为然，但恐怕我不再知道我从哪里得到这个想法：
-- declare the variables needed
DECLARE @xml as xml,@str as varchar(100),@delimiter as varchar(10)
-- The string you want to split
SET @str='A,B,C,D,E,Bert,Ernie,1,2,3,4,5'
-- What you want to split on. Can be a single character or a string
SET @delimiter =','
-- Convert it to an XML document
SET @xml = cast(('<X>'+replace(@str,@delimiter ,'</X><X>')+'</X>') as xml)
-- Select back from the XML
SELECT N.value('.', 'varchar(10)') as value FROM @xml.nodes('X') as T(N)
创建一个像下面这样的表函数，它解析逗号分隔的 varchar 并返回一个可以与其他表进行内部连接的表。
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_SplitList]
(
@inString varchar(MAX) = '',
@inDelimiter char(1) = ',' -- Keep the delimiter to 100 chars or less. Generally a delimiter will be 1-2 chars only.
)
RETURNS @tbl_Return table
(
Unit varchar(1000) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @tbl_Return
SELECT DISTINCT
LTRIM(RTRIM(piece.value('./text()[1]', 'varchar(1000)'))) COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AS Unit
FROM
(
--
-- Replace any delimiters in the string with the "X" tag.
--
SELECT
CAST(('<X>' + REPLACE(s0.prsString, s0.prsSplitDelimit, '</X><X>') + '</X>') AS xml).query('.') AS units
FROM
(
--
-- Convert the string and delimiter into XML.
--
SELECT
(SELECT @inString FOR XML PATH('')) AS prsString,
(SELECT @inDelimiter FOR XML PATH('')) AS prsSplitDelimit
) AS s0
) AS s1
CROSS APPLY units.nodes('X') x(piece)
RETURN
END
================================================== 现在在您的代码中使用上面创建的表函数，函数的创建是您数据库中的一次性活动，可以跨数据库使用，也可以在同一台服务器上使用。
DECLARE @Ids varchar(50);
SET @Ids = '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234';
SELECT
*
FROM sometable AS st
INNER JOIN fn_SplitList(@ids, ',') AS sl
ON sl.unit = st.tableid
我之前写过一个存储过程来展示如何做到这一点。您基本上必须处理字符串。我试图在这里发布代码，但格式变得很糟糕。
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = object_id(N'[dbo].[uspSplitTextList]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[uspSplitTextList]
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
/* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ */
-- uspSplitTextList
--
-- Description:
-- splits a separated list of text items and returns the text items
--
-- Arguments:
-- @list_text - list of text items
-- @Delimiter - delimiter
--
-- Notes:
-- 02/22/2006 - WSR : use DATALENGTH instead of LEN throughout because LEN doesn't count trailing blanks
--
-- History:
-- 02/22/2006 - WSR : revised algorithm to account for items crossing 8000 character boundary
-- 09/18/2006 - WSR : added to this project
--
CREATE PROCEDURE uspSplitTextList
@list_text text,
@Delimiter varchar(3)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @InputLen integer -- input text length
DECLARE @TextPos integer -- current position within input text
DECLARE @Chunk varchar(8000) -- chunk within input text
DECLARE @ChunkPos integer -- current position within chunk
DECLARE @DelimPos integer -- position of delimiter
DECLARE @ChunkLen integer -- chunk length
DECLARE @DelimLen integer -- delimiter length
DECLARE @ItemBegPos integer -- item starting position in text
DECLARE @ItemOrder integer -- item order in list
DECLARE @DelimChar varchar(1) -- first character of delimiter (simple delimiter)
-- create table to hold list items
-- actually their positions because we may want to scrub this list eliminating bad entries before substring is applied
CREATE TABLE #list_items ( item_order integer, item_begpos integer, item_endpos integer )
-- process list
IF @list_text IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
-- initialize
SET @InputLen = DATALENGTH(@list_text)
SET @TextPos = 1
SET @DelimChar = SUBSTRING(@Delimiter, 1, 1)
SET @DelimLen = DATALENGTH(@Delimiter)
SET @ItemBegPos = 1
SET @ItemOrder = 1
SET @ChunkLen = 1
-- cycle through input processing chunks
WHILE @TextPos <= @InputLen AND @ChunkLen <> 0
BEGIN
-- get current chunk
SET @Chunk = SUBSTRING(@list_text, @TextPos, 8000)
-- setup initial variable values
SET @ChunkPos = 1
SET @ChunkLen = DATALENGTH(@Chunk)
SET @DelimPos = CHARINDEX(@DelimChar, @Chunk, @ChunkPos)
-- loop over the chunk, until the last delimiter
WHILE @ChunkPos <= @ChunkLen AND @DelimPos <> 0
BEGIN
-- see if this is a full delimiter
IF SUBSTRING(@list_text, (@TextPos + @DelimPos - 1), @DelimLen) = @Delimiter
BEGIN
-- insert position
INSERT INTO #list_items (item_order, item_begpos, item_endpos)
VALUES (@ItemOrder, @ItemBegPos, (@TextPos + @DelimPos - 1) - 1)
-- adjust positions
SET @ItemOrder = @ItemOrder + 1
SET @ItemBegPos = (@TextPos + @DelimPos - 1) + @DelimLen
SET @ChunkPos = @DelimPos + @DelimLen
END
ELSE
BEGIN
-- adjust positions
SET @ChunkPos = @DelimPos + 1
END
-- find next delimiter
SET @DelimPos = CHARINDEX(@DelimChar, @Chunk, @ChunkPos)
END
-- adjust positions
SET @TextPos = @TextPos + @ChunkLen
END
-- handle last item
IF @ItemBegPos <= @InputLen
BEGIN
-- insert position
INSERT INTO #list_items (item_order, item_begpos, item_endpos)
VALUES (@ItemOrder, @ItemBegPos, @InputLen)
END
-- delete the bad items
DELETE FROM #list_items
WHERE item_endpos < item_begpos
-- return list items
SELECT SUBSTRING(@list_text, item_begpos, (item_endpos - item_begpos + 1)) AS item_text, item_order, item_begpos, item_endpos
FROM #list_items
ORDER BY item_order
END
DROP TABLE #list_items
RETURN
/* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ */
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
我对用户 KM 有同样的想法。但不需要额外的表号。仅此功能。
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[FN_ListToTable]
(
@SplitOn char(1) --REQUIRED, the character to split the @List string on
,@List varchar(8000) --REQUIRED, the list to split apart
)
RETURNS
@ParsedList table
(
ListValue varchar(500)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @number int = 0
DECLARE @childString varchar(502) = ''
DECLARE @lengthChildString int = 0
DECLARE @processString varchar(502) = @SplitOn + @List + @SplitOn
WHILE @number < LEN(@processString)
BEGIN
SET @number = @number + 1
SET @lengthChildString = CHARINDEX(@SplitOn, @processString, @number + 1) - @number - 1
IF @lengthChildString > 0
BEGIN
SET @childString = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@processString, @number + 1, @lengthChildString)))
IF @childString IS NOT NULL AND @childString != ''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @ParsedList(ListValue) VALUES (@childString)
SET @number = @number + @lengthChildString - 1
END
END
END
RETURN
END
这是测试：
SELECT ListValue FROM dbo.FN_ListToTable('/','a/////bb/c')
结果：
ListValue
______________________
a
bb
c
-- select * from dbo.Split_ID('77,106')
ALTER FUNCTION dbo.Split_ID(@String varchar(8000))
returns @temptable TABLE (ID varchar(8000))
as
begin
declare @idx int
declare @slice varchar(8000)
declare @Delimiter char(1)
set @Delimiter =','
select @idx = 1
if len(@String)<1 or @String is null return
while @idx!= 0
begin
set @idx = charindex(@Delimiter,@String)
if @idx!=0
set @slice = left(@String,@idx - 1)
else
set @slice = @String
if(len(@slice)>0)
insert into @temptable(ID) values(@slice)
set @String = right(@String,len(@String) - @idx)
if len(@String) = 0 break
end
return
end
你可以这样做：
create or replace
PROCEDURE UDP_SETBOOKMARK
(
P_USERID IN VARCHAR2
, P_BOOKMARK IN VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE T_ER_Bewertung
SET LESEZEICHEN = P_BOOKMARK
WHERE STAMM_ID in( select regexp_substr(P_USERID,'[^,]+', 1, level) from dual
connect by regexp_substr(P_USERID, '[^,]+', 1, level) is not null )
and ER_ID = (select max(ER_ID) from T_ER_Bewertung_Kopie);
commit;
END UDP_SETBOOKMARK;
然后尝试使用
Begin
UDP_SETBOOKMARK ('1,2,3,4,5', 'Test');
End;
您也可以在其他情况下将此 IN-Clause 与 regexp_substr 一起使用，只需尝试一下。
Error 493: The column 'i' that was returned from the nodes() method cannot be
used directly. It can only be used with one of the four XML data type
methods, exist(), nodes(), query(), and value(), or in IS NULL and IS NOT
NULL checks.
使用以下代码段在 SQL Server 2014 中修复了上述错误
Declare @Ids varchar(50)
Set @Ids = '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234'
DECLARE @XML XML
SET @XML = CAST('<i>' + REPLACE(@Ids, ',', '</i><i>') + '</i>' AS XML)
SELECT SomeTable.*
FROM
SomeTable
cross apply @XML.nodes('i') x(i)
where SomeTable .Id = x.i.value('.', 'VARCHAR(MAX)')
试试这个：
SELECT ProductId, Name, Tags
FROM Product
WHERE '1,2,3,' LIKE '%' + CAST(ProductId AS VARCHAR(20)) + ',%';
最好和简单的方法。
DECLARE @AccumulateKeywordCopy NVARCHAR(2000),@IDDupCopy NVARCHAR(50);
SET @AccumulateKeywordCopy ='';
SET @IDDupCopy ='';
SET @IDDup = (SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), <columnName>) FROM <tableName> WHERE <clause>)
SET @AccumulateKeywordCopy = ','+@AccumulateKeyword+',';
SET @IDDupCopy = ','+@IDDup +',';
SET @IDDupCheck = CHARINDEX(@IDDupCopy,@AccumulateKeywordCopy)
CREATE TABLE t
(
id INT,
col1 VARCHAR(50)
)
INSERT INTO t
VALUES (1,
'param1')
INSERT INTO t
VALUES (2,
'param2')
INSERT INTO t
VALUES (3,
'param3')
INSERT INTO t
VALUES (4,
'param4')
INSERT INTO t
VALUES (5,
'param5')
DECLARE @params VARCHAR(100)
SET @params = ',param1,param2,param3,'
SELECT *
FROM t
WHERE Charindex(',' + Cast(col1 AS VARCHAR(8000)) + ',', @params) > 0
工作小提琴在这里找到小提琴
我遇到了同样的问题，我不想在源数据库上留下任何足迹——即没有存储过程或函数。我是这样处理的：
declare @IDs table (Value int)
insert into @IDs values(1)
insert into @IDs values(2)
insert into @IDs values(3)
insert into @IDs values(5)
insert into @IDs values(4)
insert into @IDs values(6)
insert into @IDs values(7)
insert into @IDs values(98)
insert into @IDs values(234)
SELECT *
FROM sometable
WHERE tableid IN (select Value from @IDs)
@RBarryYoung（上图）的答案对我有用。但是当逗号分隔的字符串值之间有空格时，它将省略带空格的 ID。所以我删除了空格。
看看下面的代码片段。
Declare @Ids varchar(50) Set @Ids = '1 , 2,3'
set @Ids=','+Replace(@Ids,' ', '')+',';
Select * from [tblEmployee]
where Charindex(','+cast(ID as varchar(8000))+',', @Ids) > 0
这里有很多答案，但要加上我的两分钱，我认为STRING_SPLIT这是解决此类问题的一种非常简单的方法：
DECLARE @Ids varchar(50);
SET @Ids = '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234';
SELECT *
FROM sometable
WHERE tableid IN;
(SELECT value FROM STRING_SPLIT(@Ids, ','))
我发现最简单的方法是使用 FIND_IN_SET
FIND_IN_SET(column_name, values)
values=(1,2,3)
SELECT name WHERE FIND_IN_SET(id, values)
这对于我不想使用 CTE 也不想使用内部连接的要求之一非常有用。
DECLARE @Ids varchar(50);
SET @Ids = '1,2,3,5,4,6,7,98,234';
SELECT
cn1,cn2,cn3
FROM tableName
WHERE columnName in (select Value from fn_SplitString(@ids, ','))
拆分字符串的功能：
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_SplitString] ( @stringToSplit VARCHAR(MAX), @seperator Char )
RETURNS
@returnList TABLE ([Value] [nvarchar] (500))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @pos INT
WHILE CHARINDEX(@seperator, @stringToSplit) > 0
BEGIN
SELECT @pos = CHARINDEX(@seperator, @stringToSplit)
SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)
INSERT INTO @returnList
SELECT @name
SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, LEN(@stringToSplit)-@pos)
END
INSERT INTO @returnList
SELECT @stringToSplit
RETURN
END