如何从“全部”更改默认过滤器选项？我有一个名为 as 的字段，status它具有三个值activate：pending和rejected。当我list_filter在 Django admin 中使用时，过滤器默认设置为“全部”，但我想默认将其设置为挂起。
问问题
41296 次
17 回答
115
为了实现这一点并在您的侧边栏中有一个可用的“全部”链接（即显示全部而不是显示待处理的链接），您需要创建一个自定义列表过滤器，django.contrib.admin.filters.SimpleListFilter默认情况下从“待处理”继承和过滤。这些方面的东西应该起作用：
from datetime import date
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
class StatusFilter(SimpleListFilter):
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return (
(None, _('Pending')),
('activate', _('Activate')),
('rejected', _('Rejected')),
('all', _('All')),
)
def choices(self, cl):
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == lookup,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.value() in ('activate', 'rejected'):
return queryset.filter(status=self.value())
elif self.value() == None:
return queryset.filter(status='pending')
class Admin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = [StatusFilter]
编辑：需要 Django 1.4（感谢西蒙）
于 2013-05-15T04:17:12.077 回答
49
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
if not request.GET.has_key('decommissioned__exact'):
q = request.GET.copy()
q['decommissioned__exact'] = 'N'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
于 2009-05-21T06:22:14.300 回答
21
采用上面 ha22109 的答案并修改为允许通过比较HTTP_REFERER和选择“全部” PATH_INFO。
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
test = request.META['HTTP_REFERER'].split(request.META['PATH_INFO'])
if test[-1] and not test[-1].startswith('?'):
if not request.GET.has_key('decommissioned__exact'):
q = request.GET.copy()
q['decommissioned__exact'] = 'N'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
于 2010-09-24T02:54:29.127 回答
20
我知道这个问题现在已经很老了，但它仍然有效。我相信这是最正确的做法。它本质上与 Greg 的方法相同，但被表述为一个可扩展的类以便于重用。
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
class DefaultListFilter(SimpleListFilter):
all_value = '_all'
def default_value(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.parameter_name in request.GET and request.GET[self.parameter_name] == self.all_value:
return queryset
if self.parameter_name in request.GET:
return queryset.filter(**{self.parameter_name:request.GET[self.parameter_name]})
return queryset.filter(**{self.parameter_name:self.default_value()})
def choices(self, cl):
yield {
'selected': self.value() == self.all_value,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({self.parameter_name: self.all_value}, []),
'display': _('All'),
}
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == force_text(lookup) or (self.value() == None and force_text(self.default_value()) == force_text(lookup)),
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
class StatusFilter(DefaultListFilter):
title = _('Status ')
parameter_name = 'status__exact'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return ((0,'activate'), (1,'pending'), (2,'rejected'))
def default_value(self):
return 1
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (StatusFilter,)
于 2014-01-09T04:38:05.183 回答
10
这是我使用重定向的通用解决方案，它只检查是否有任何 GET 参数，如果不存在，则使用默认的 get 参数重定向。我也有一个 list_filter 集，所以它会选择它并显示默认值。
from django.shortcuts import redirect
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
...
list_filter = ('status', )
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
referrer = request.META.get('HTTP_REFERER', '')
get_param = "status__exact=5"
if len(request.GET) == 0 and '?' not in referrer:
return redirect("{url}?{get_parms}".format(url=request.path, get_parms=get_param))
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
唯一需要注意的是，当您使用“？”直接访问该页面时。存在于 url 中，没有设置 HTTP_REFERER，因此它将使用默认参数并重定向。这对我来说很好，当您单击管理过滤器时效果很好。
更新：
为了绕过警告，我最终编写了一个自定义过滤器函数，它简化了 changelist_view 功能。这是过滤器：
class MyModelStatusFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin): # Available Values / Status Codes etc..
return (
(8, _('All')),
(0, _('Incomplete')),
(5, _('Pending')),
(6, _('Selected')),
(7, _('Accepted')),
)
def choices(self, cl): # Overwrite this method to prevent the default "All"
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == force_text(lookup),
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset): # Run the queryset based on your lookup values
if self.value() is None:
return queryset.filter(status=5)
elif int(self.value()) == 0:
return queryset.filter(status__lte=4)
elif int(self.value()) == 8:
return queryset.all()
elif int(self.value()) >= 5:
return queryset.filter(status=self.value())
return queryset.filter(status=5)
如果不存在，则 changelist_view 现在只传递默认参数。这个想法是摆脱泛型过滤器的能力，通过不使用获取参数来查看所有内容。要查看我为此目的分配的所有状态 = 8。：
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
...
list_filter = ('status', )
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
if len(request.GET) == 0:
get_param = "status=5"
return redirect("{url}?{get_parms}".format(url=request.path, get_parms=get_param))
return super(MyModelAdmin, self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
于 2014-09-11T15:23:27.180 回答
6
def changelist_view( self, request, extra_context = None ):
default_filter = False
try:
ref = request.META['HTTP_REFERER']
pinfo = request.META['PATH_INFO']
qstr = ref.split( pinfo )
if len( qstr ) < 2:
default_filter = True
except:
default_filter = True
if default_filter:
q = request.GET.copy()
q['registered__exact'] = '1'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super( InterestAdmin, self ).changelist_view( request, extra_context = extra_context )
于 2012-02-17T16:22:12.160 回答
4
您可以简单地使用SimpleListFilter 的return queryset.filter()or和 Override 方法if self.value() is None
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
def choices(self, changelist):
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': force_text(self.value()) == force_text(lookup),
'query_string': changelist.get_query_string(
{self.parameter_name: lookup}, []
),
'display': title,
}
于 2017-01-25T10:23:25.357 回答
4
创建了一个可重用的过滤器子类，灵感来自这里的一些答案（主要是 Greg 的）。
好处：
可重用- 可插入任何标准ModelAdmin类
可扩展- 易于添加额外的/自定义的QuerySet过滤逻辑
易于使用- 在其最基本的形式中，只需要实现一个自定义属性和一个自定义方法（除了 SimpleListFilter 子类化所需的那些）
直观的管理员- “全部”过滤器链接按预期工作；和其他人一样
无重定向- 无需检查GET请求有效负载，与HTTP_REFERER（或任何其他与请求相关的东西，以其基本形式）无关
没有（更改列表）视图操作- 也没有模板操作（上帝保佑）
代码：
（大多数imports 仅用于类型提示和异常）
from typing import List, Tuple, Any
from django.contrib.admin.filters import SimpleListFilter
from django.contrib.admin.options import IncorrectLookupParameters
from django.contrib.admin.views.main import ChangeList
from django.db.models.query import QuerySet
from django.utils.encoding import force_str
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class PreFilteredListFilter(SimpleListFilter):
# Either set this or override .get_default_value()
default_value = None
no_filter_value = 'all'
no_filter_name = _("All")
# Human-readable title which will be displayed in the
# right admin sidebar just above the filter options.
title = None
# Parameter for the filter that will be used in the URL query.
parameter_name = None
def get_default_value(self):
if self.default_value is not None:
return self.default_value
raise NotImplementedError(
'Either the .default_value attribute needs to be set or '
'the .get_default_value() method must be overridden to '
'return a URL query argument for parameter_name.'
)
def get_lookups(self) -> List[Tuple[Any, str]]:
"""
Returns a list of tuples. The first element in each
tuple is the coded value for the option that will
appear in the URL query. The second element is the
human-readable name for the option that will appear
in the right sidebar.
"""
raise NotImplementedError(
'The .get_lookups() method must be overridden to '
'return a list of tuples (value, verbose value).'
)
# Overriding parent class:
def lookups(self, request, model_admin) -> List[Tuple[Any, str]]:
return [(self.no_filter_value, self.no_filter_name)] + self.get_lookups()
# Overriding parent class:
def queryset(self, request, queryset: QuerySet) -> QuerySet:
"""
Returns the filtered queryset based on the value
provided in the query string and retrievable via
`self.value()`.
"""
if self.value() is None:
return self.get_default_queryset(queryset)
if self.value() == self.no_filter_value:
return queryset.all()
return self.get_filtered_queryset(queryset)
def get_default_queryset(self, queryset: QuerySet) -> QuerySet:
return queryset.filter(**{self.parameter_name: self.get_default_value()})
def get_filtered_queryset(self, queryset: QuerySet) -> QuerySet:
try:
return queryset.filter(**self.used_parameters)
except (ValueError, ValidationError) as e:
# Fields may raise a ValueError or ValidationError when converting
# the parameters to the correct type.
raise IncorrectLookupParameters(e)
# Overriding parent class:
def choices(self, changelist: ChangeList):
"""
Overridden to prevent the default "All".
"""
value = self.value() or force_str(self.get_default_value())
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': value == force_str(lookup),
'query_string': changelist.get_query_string({self.parameter_name: lookup}),
'display': title,
}
完整使用示例：
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import SomeModelWithStatus
class StatusFilter(PreFilteredListFilter):
default_value = SomeModelWithStatus.Status.FOO
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status'
def get_lookups(self):
return SomeModelWithStatus.Status.choices
@admin.register(SomeModelWithStatus)
class SomeModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (StatusFilter, )
希望这对某人有所帮助；反馈总是很感激。
于 2020-06-09T21:55:36.003 回答
3
请注意，如果您不想预先选择过滤器值，而是希望始终在将数据显示在管理员中之前对其进行预先过滤，则应改写该ModelAdmin.queryset()方法。
于 2009-05-28T11:09:28.907 回答
3
使用 DjangoChoices、Python >= 2.5 和当然 Django >= 1.4 对 Greg 的回答略有改进。
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
class OrderStatusFilter(SimpleListFilter):
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status__exact'
default_status = OrderStatuses.closed
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return (('all', _('All')),) + OrderStatuses.choices
def choices(self, cl):
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == lookup if self.value() else lookup == self.default_status,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({self.parameter_name: lookup}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.value() in OrderStatuses.values:
return queryset.filter(status=self.value())
elif self.value() is None:
return queryset.filter(status=self.default_status)
class Admin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = [OrderStatusFilter]
感谢格雷格的好解决方案！
于 2013-09-20T08:22:37.887 回答
2
我知道这不是最好的解决方案，但我更改了管理模板中的 index.html，第 25 行和第 37 行，如下所示：
25:<th scope="row"><a href="{{ model.admin_url }}{% ifequal model.name "yourmodelname" %}?yourflag_flag__exact=1{% endifequal %}">{{ model.name }}</a></th>
37:<td><a href="{{ model.admin_url }}{% ifequal model.name "yourmodelname" %}?yourflag__exact=1{% endifequal %}" class="changelink">{% trans 'Change' %}</a></td>
于 2009-10-13T15:20:17.873 回答
2
这是我能够生成的过滤器的最干净版本，该过滤器具有重新定义的“全部”和选择的默认值。
如果默认情况下向我显示当前正在发生的旅行。
class HappeningTripFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
"""
Filter the Trips Happening in the Past, Future or now.
"""
default_value = 'now'
title = 'Happening'
parameter_name = 'happening'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
"""
List the Choices available for this filter.
"""
return (
('all', 'All'),
('future', 'Not yet started'),
('now', 'Happening now'),
('past', 'Already finished'),
)
def choices(self, changelist):
"""
Overwrite this method to prevent the default "All".
"""
value = self.value() or self.default_value
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': value == force_text(lookup),
'query_string': changelist.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
"""
Returns the Queryset depending on the Choice.
"""
value = self.value() or self.default_value
now = timezone.now()
if value == 'future':
return queryset.filter(start_date_time__gt=now)
if value == 'now':
return queryset.filter(start_date_time__lte=now, end_date_time__gte=now)
if value == 'past':
return queryset.filter(end_date_time__lt=now)
return queryset.all()
于 2020-02-13T18:28:44.640 回答
1
我必须进行修改才能使过滤正常工作。加载页面时，以前的解决方案对我有用。如果执行了“操作”，过滤器将返回“全部”，而不是我的默认设置。此解决方案使用默认过滤器加载管理员更改页面，但当页面上发生其他活动时，还会维护过滤器更改或当前过滤器。我没有测试所有情况，但实际上它可能会限制默认过滤器的设置仅在页面加载时发生。
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
default_filter = False
try:
ref = request.META['HTTP_REFERER']
pinfo = request.META['PATH_INFO']
qstr = ref.split(pinfo)
querystr = request.META['QUERY_STRING']
# Check the QUERY_STRING value, otherwise when
# trying to filter the filter gets reset below
if querystr is None:
if len(qstr) < 2 or qstr[1] == '':
default_filter = True
except:
default_filter = True
if default_filter:
q = request.GET.copy()
q['registered__isnull'] = 'True'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyAdmin, self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
于 2013-03-13T17:36:19.473 回答
1
有点跑题了，但我对类似问题的搜索把我带到了这里。我希望按日期进行默认查询（即，如果未提供输入，则仅显示带有timestamp“今天”的对象），这使问题有点复杂化。这是我想出的：
from django.contrib.admin.options import IncorrectLookupParameters
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class TodayDefaultDateFieldListFilter(admin.DateFieldListFilter):
""" If no date is query params are provided, query for Today """
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
try:
if not self.used_parameters:
now = datetime.datetime.now().replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
self.used_parameters = {
('%s__lt' % self.field_path): str(now + datetime.timedelta(days=1)),
('%s__gte' % self.field_path): str(now),
}
# Insure that the dropdown reflects 'Today'
self.date_params = self.used_parameters
return queryset.filter(**self.used_parameters)
except ValidationError, e:
raise IncorrectLookupParameters(e)
class ImagesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (
('timestamp', TodayDefaultDateFieldListFilter),
)
这是对默认值的简单覆盖DateFieldListFilter。通过设置self.date_params，它确保过滤器下拉列表将更新为任何与self.used_parameters. 出于这个原因，您必须确保self.used_parameters这些下拉选项之一将使用的正是这些（即，找出date_params使用“今天”或“过去 7 天”时会使用的内容，并构造self.used_parameters以匹配它们）。
这是为与 Django 1.4.10 一起工作而构建的
于 2014-06-18T19:55:14.207 回答
1
这可能是一个旧线程，但我想我会添加我的解决方案，因为我在谷歌搜索中找不到更好的答案。
做什么（不确定是 Deminic Rodger 还是 ha22109）在 ModelAdmin 中回答 changelist_view
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (CustomFilter,)
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
if not request.GET.has_key('decommissioned__exact'):
q = request.GET.copy()
q['decommissioned__exact'] = 'N'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
然后我们需要创建一个自定义的 SimpleListFilter
class CustomFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
title = 'Decommissioned'
parameter_name = 'decommissioned' # i chose to change it
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return (
('All', 'all'),
('1', 'Decommissioned'),
('0', 'Active (or whatever)'),
)
# had to override so that we could remove the default 'All' option
# that won't work with our default filter in the ModelAdmin class
def choices(self, cl):
yield {
'selected': self.value() is None,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({}, [self.parameter_name]),
# 'display': _('All'),
}
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == lookup,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.value() == '1':
return queryset.filter(decommissioned=1)
elif self.value() == '0':
return queryset.filter(decommissioned=0)
return queryset
于 2014-11-06T15:38:09.787 回答
0
使用 ha22109 的答案，我为 ModelAdmin 类编写了一个 mixin：
from urllib.parse import urlencode
from django.contrib.admin.views.main import SEARCH_VAR
from django.http import HttpRequest, QueryDict
class DefaultFilterMixin:
default_filters: Sequence[tuple[str, Any]] | dict[str, Any] | None = None
def get_default_filters(
self,
request: HttpRequest,
) -> Sequence[tuple[str, Any]] | dict[str, Any] | None:
return self.default_filters
def changelist_view(
self,
request: HttpRequest,
extra_context: dict[str, str] | None = None,
):
if request.method == 'GET' and not request.GET:
if default_filters := self.get_default_filters(request):
request.GET = QueryDict(
f"{urlencode(default_filters)}&{SEARCH_VAR}=",
encoding=request.encoding,
)
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super().changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
简单的例子：
class MyModelAdmin(DefaultFilterMixin, admin.ModelAdmin):
default_filters = (("status__exact", "pending"),)
...
或更复杂的 rangefilter.DateTimeRangeFilter 动态过滤器：
class MyModelAdmin(DefaultFilterMixin, admin.ModelAdmin):
def get_default_filters(
self,
request: HttpRequest,
) -> Sequence[tuple[str, Any]] | dict[str, Any] | None:
now = timezone.now()
date_fmt = '%d.%m.%Y'
return (
('created_at__range__gte_0', now.strftime(date_fmt)),
('created_at__range__gte_1', '00:00:00'),
('created_at__range__lte_0', (now + timedelta(1)).strftime(date_fmt)),
('created_at__range__lte_1', '00:00:00'),
)
于 2021-12-02T09:30:46.837 回答
0
使用默认 mixin回复第一个答案（来自Evgeni Shudzel）......这是一个导入和复杂性较少的解决方案
from urllib.parse import urlencode
from django.contrib.admin.views.main import SEARCH_VAR
from django.http import HttpRequest, QueryDict
class DefaultFilterMixin:
default_filters: None
def get_default_filters(self, request: HttpRequest):
return self.default_filters
def changelist_view(self, request: HttpRequest, extra_context=None):
if request.method == 'GET' and not request.GET:
if default_filters := self.get_default_filters(request):
request.GET = QueryDict(
f"{urlencode(default_filters)}&{SEARCH_VAR}=",
encoding=request.encoding,
)
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super().changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
class SampleUsageAdmin(DefaultFilterMixin, admin.ModelAdmin):
default_filters = (("fulfillments_complete__exact", "0"),)
于 2021-12-04T14:05:08.933 回答