c# - 在C#中获取机器MAC地址的可靠方法

Question

我需要一种方法来使用 C# 获取机器的 MAC 地址，而不管它运行的是什么操作系统。

该应用程序需要在 XP/Vista/Win7 32 位和 64 位以及这些操作系统上运行，但默认为外语。此外，许多 C# 命令和操作系统查询并不适用于所有操作系统。

你有什么想法？

我一直在抓取输出，ipconfig /all但这非常不可靠，因为每台机器的输出格式都不同。

score 153 · Accepted Answer

更清洁的解决方案

var macAddr = 
    (
        from nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()
        where nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up
        select nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString()
    ).FirstOrDefault();

或者：

String firstMacAddress = NetworkInterface
    .GetAllNetworkInterfaces()
    .Where( nic => nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up && nic.NetworkInterfaceType != NetworkInterfaceType.Loopback )
    .Select( nic => nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString() )
    .FirstOrDefault();

score 83 · Accepted Answer

这是一些返回第一个可操作网络接口的 MAC 地址的 C# 代码。假设NetworkInterface程序集是在其他操作系统上使用的运行时（即 Mono）中实现的，那么这将在其他操作系统上工作。

新版本：返回速度最快且 MAC 地址有效的网卡。

/// <summary>
/// Finds the MAC address of the NIC with maximum speed.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The MAC address.</returns>
private string GetMacAddress()
{
    const int MIN_MAC_ADDR_LENGTH = 12;
    string macAddress = string.Empty;
    long maxSpeed = -1;

    foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
    {
        log.Debug(
            "Found MAC Address: " + nic.GetPhysicalAddress() +
            " Type: " + nic.NetworkInterfaceType);

        string tempMac = nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString();
        if (nic.Speed > maxSpeed &&
            !string.IsNullOrEmpty(tempMac) &&
            tempMac.Length >= MIN_MAC_ADDR_LENGTH)
        {
            log.Debug("New Max Speed = " + nic.Speed + ", MAC: " + tempMac);
            maxSpeed = nic.Speed;
            macAddress = tempMac;
        }
    }

    return macAddress;
}

原始版本：只返回第一个。

/// <summary>
/// Finds the MAC address of the first operation NIC found.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The MAC address.</returns>
private string GetMacAddress()
{
    string macAddresses = string.Empty;

    foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
    {
        if (nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up)
        {
            macAddresses += nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString();
            break;
        }
    }

    return macAddresses;
}

我唯一不喜欢这种方法的是，如果您有 Nortel Packet Miniport 或某种类型的 VPN 连接，它就有可能被选中。据我所知，没有办法将实际物理设备的 MAC 与某种类型的虚拟网络接口区分开来。

score 10 · Accepted Answer

如果您要连接的机器是 Windows 机器，WMI 是最好的解决方案，但如果您正在查看 linux、mac 或其他类型的网络适配器，那么您将需要使用其他东西。以下是一些选项：

使用 DOS 命令 nbtstat -a 。创建一个进程，调用这个命令，解析输出。
首先 Ping IP 以确保您的 NIC 将命令缓存在其 ARP 表中，然后使用 DOS 命令 arp -a 。像选项 1 一样解析过程的输出。
在 iphlpapi.dll 中对 sendarp 使用可怕的非托管调用

这是第 3 项的示例。如果 WMI 不是可行的解决方案，这似乎是最佳选择：

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
...
[DllImport("iphlpapi.dll", ExactSpelling = true)]
        public static extern int SendARP(int DestIP, int SrcIP, byte[] pMacAddr, ref uint PhyAddrLen);
...
private string GetMacUsingARP(string IPAddr)
{
    IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse(IPAddr);
    byte[] macAddr = new byte[6];
    uint macAddrLen = (uint)macAddr.Length;

    if (SendARP((int)IP.Address, 0, macAddr, ref macAddrLen) != 0)
        throw new Exception("ARP command failed");

    string[] str = new string[(int)macAddrLen];
    for (int i = 0; i < macAddrLen; i++)
        str[i] = macAddr[i].ToString("x2");

    return string.Join(":", str);
}

为了给予应有的荣誉，这是该代码的基础： http ://www.pinvoke.net/default.aspx/iphlpapi.sendarp#

score 10 · Accepted Answer

Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WMI 类的MACAddress属性可以为您提供适配器的 MAC 地址。（系统管理命名空间）

MACAddress

    Data type: string
    Access type: Read-only

    Media Access Control (MAC) address of the network adapter. A MAC address is assigned by the manufacturer to uniquely identify the network adapter.

    Example: "00:80:C7:8F:6C:96"

如果您不熟悉 WMI API（Windows 管理规范），这里有一个很好的 .NET 应用概述。

WMI 可用于具有 .Net 运行时的所有 Windows 版本。

这是一个代码示例：

System.Management.ManagementClass mc = default(System.Management.ManagementClass);
ManagementObject mo = default(ManagementObject);
mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");

ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
    foreach (var mo in moc) {
        if (mo.Item("IPEnabled") == true) {
              Adapter.Items.Add("MAC " + mo.Item("MacAddress").ToString());
         }
     }

score 9 · Accepted Answer

恕我直言，返回第一个 mac 地址不是一个好主意，尤其是在托管虚拟机时。因此我检查发送/接收字节总和并选择最常用的连接，这并不完美，但应该是正确的 9/10 次。

public string GetDefaultMacAddress()
{
    Dictionary<string, long> macAddresses = new Dictionary<string, long>();
    foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
    {
        if (nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up)
            macAddresses[nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString()] = nic.GetIPStatistics().BytesSent + nic.GetIPStatistics().BytesReceived;
    }
    long maxValue = 0;
    string mac = "";
    foreach(KeyValuePair<string, long> pair in macAddresses)
    {
        if (pair.Value > maxValue)
        {
            mac = pair.Key;
            maxValue = pair.Value;
        }
    }
    return mac;
}

score 8 · Accepted Answer

此方法将确定用于连接到指定 url 和端口的网络接口的 MAC 地址。

这里的所有答案都无法实现这一目标。

我几年前（2014 年）写了这个答案。所以我决定给它一点“整容”。请查看更新部分

    /// <summary>
    /// Get the MAC of the Netowrk Interface used to connect to the specified url.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="allowedURL">URL to connect to.</param>
    /// <param name="port">The port to use. Default is 80.</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static PhysicalAddress GetCurrentMAC(string allowedURL, int port = 80)
    {
        //create tcp client
        var client = new TcpClient();

        //start connection
        client.Client.Connect(new IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostAddresses(allowedURL)[0], port));

        //wai while connection is established
        while(!client.Connected)
        {
            Thread.Sleep(500);
        }

        //get the ip address from the connected endpoint
        var ipAddress = ((IPEndPoint)client.Client.LocalEndPoint).Address;

        //if the ip is ipv4 mapped to ipv6 then convert to ipv4
        if(ipAddress.IsIPv4MappedToIPv6)
            ipAddress = ipAddress.MapToIPv4();        

        Debug.WriteLine(ipAddress);

        //disconnect the client and free the socket
        client.Client.Disconnect(false);
        
        //this will dispose the client and close the connection if needed
        client.Close();

        var allNetworkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces();

        //return early if no network interfaces found
        if(!(allNetworkInterfaces?.Length > 0))
            return null;

        foreach(var networkInterface in allNetworkInterfaces)
        {
            //get the unicast address of the network interface
            var unicastAddresses = networkInterface.GetIPProperties().UnicastAddresses;
           
            //skip if no unicast address found
            if(!(unicastAddresses?.Count > 0))
                continue;

            //compare the unicast addresses to see 
            //if any match the ip address used to connect over the network
            for(var i = 0; i < unicastAddresses.Count; i++)
            {
                var unicastAddress = unicastAddresses[i];

                //this is unlikely but if it is null just skip
                if(unicastAddress.Address == null)
                    continue;
                
                var ipAddressToCompare = unicastAddress.Address;

                Debug.WriteLine(ipAddressToCompare);

                //if the ip is ipv4 mapped to ipv6 then convert to ipv4
                if(ipAddressToCompare.IsIPv4MappedToIPv6)
                    ipAddressToCompare = ipAddressToCompare.MapToIPv4();

                Debug.WriteLine(ipAddressToCompare);

                //skip if the ip does not match
                if(!ipAddressToCompare.Equals(ipAddress))
                    continue;

                //return the mac address if the ip matches
                return networkInterface.GetPhysicalAddress();
            }
              
        }

        //not found so return null
        return null;
    }

要调用它，您需要传递一个 URL 来连接，如下所示：

var mac = GetCurrentMAC("www.google.com");

您还可以指定端口号。如果未指定，默认值为 80。

更新：

2020

添加了注释来解释代码。
已更正以与使用映射到 IPV6 的 IPV4 的较新操作系统（如 windows 10）一起使用。
减少嵌套。
升级代码使用“var”。

score 8 · Accepted Answer

我们使用 WMI 来获取具有最低度量的接口的 mac 地址，例如，接口窗口会更喜欢使用，如下所示：

public static string GetMACAddress()
{
    ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration where IPEnabled=true");
    IEnumerable<ManagementObject> objects = searcher.Get().Cast<ManagementObject>();
    string mac = (from o in objects orderby o["IPConnectionMetric"] select o["MACAddress"].ToString()).FirstOrDefault();
    return mac;
}

或者在 Silverlight 中（需要提升信任）：

public static string GetMACAddress()
{
    string mac = null;
    if ((Application.Current.IsRunningOutOfBrowser) && (Application.Current.HasElevatedPermissions) && (AutomationFactory.IsAvailable))
    {
        dynamic sWbemLocator = AutomationFactory.CreateObject("WbemScripting.SWBemLocator");
        dynamic sWbemServices = sWbemLocator.ConnectServer(".");
        sWbemServices.Security_.ImpersonationLevel = 3; //impersonate

        string query = "SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration where IPEnabled=true";
        dynamic results = sWbemServices.ExecQuery(query);

        int mtu = int.MaxValue;
        foreach (dynamic result in results)
        {
            if (result.IPConnectionMetric < mtu)
            {
                mtu = result.IPConnectionMetric;
                mac = result.MACAddress;
            }
        }
    }
    return mac;
}

score 7 · Accepted Answer

public static PhysicalAddress GetMacAddress()
{
    var myInterfaceAddress = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()
        .Where(n => n.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up && n.NetworkInterfaceType != NetworkInterfaceType.Loopback)
        .OrderByDescending(n => n.NetworkInterfaceType == NetworkInterfaceType.Ethernet)
        .Select(n => n.GetPhysicalAddress())
        .FirstOrDefault();

    return myInterfaceAddress;
}

score 5 · Accepted Answer

您可以使用 NIC ID：

 foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()) {
     if (nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up){
         if (nic.Id == "yay!")
     }
 }

它不是 MAC 地址，而是一个唯一标识符，如果这就是您要查找的内容。

score 2 · Accepted Answer

我真的很喜欢 AVee 的 IP 连接指标最低的解决方案！但是，如果安装了具有相同指标的第二个网卡，则 MAC 比较可能会失败......

最好将接口的描述与 MAC 一起存储。在以后的比较中，您可以通过此字符串识别正确的 nic。这是一个示例代码：

   public static string GetMacAndDescription()
    {
        ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration where IPEnabled=true");
        IEnumerable<ManagementObject> objects = searcher.Get().Cast<ManagementObject>();
        string mac = (from o in objects orderby o["IPConnectionMetric"] select o["MACAddress"].ToString()).FirstOrDefault();
        string description = (from o in objects orderby o["IPConnectionMetric"] select o["Description"].ToString()).FirstOrDefault();
        return mac + ";" + description;
    }

    public static string GetMacByDescription( string description)
    {
        ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration where IPEnabled=true");
        IEnumerable<ManagementObject> objects = searcher.Get().Cast<ManagementObject>();
        string mac = (from o in objects where o["Description"].ToString() == description select o["MACAddress"].ToString()).FirstOrDefault();
        return mac;
    }

score 2 · Accepted Answer

假设我有一个使用本地 IP 192.168.0.182 的 TcpConnection。然后，如果我想知道该 NIC 的 mac 地址，我将调用方法为：GetMacAddressUsedByIp("192.168.0.182")

public static string GetMacAddressUsedByIp(string ipAddress)
    {
        var ips = new List<string>();
        string output;

        try
        {
            // Start the child process.
            Process p = new Process();
            // Redirect the output stream of the child process.
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

            p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.FileName = "ipconfig";
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = "/all";
            p.Start();
            // Do not wait for the child process to exit before
            // reading to the end of its redirected stream.
            // p.WaitForExit();
            // Read the output stream first and then wait.
            output = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
            p.WaitForExit();

        }
        catch
        {
            return null;
        }

        // pattern to get all connections
        var pattern = @"(?xis) 
(?<Header>
     (\r|\n) [^\r]+ :  \r\n\r\n
)
(?<content>
    .+? (?= ( (\r\n\r\n)|($)) )
)";

        List<Match> matches = new List<Match>();

        foreach (Match m in Regex.Matches(output, pattern))
            matches.Add(m);

        var connection = matches.Select(m => new
        {
            containsIp = m.Value.Contains(ipAddress),
            containsPhysicalAddress = Regex.Match(m.Value, @"(?ix)Physical \s Address").Success,
            content = m.Value
        }).Where(x => x.containsIp && x.containsPhysicalAddress)
        .Select(m => Regex.Match(m.content, @"(?ix)  Physical \s address [^:]+ : \s* (?<Mac>[^\s]+)").Groups["Mac"].Value).FirstOrDefault();

        return connection;
    }

score 2 · Accepted Answer

string mac = "";
foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
            {

                if (nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up && (!nic.Description.Contains("Virtual") && !nic.Description.Contains("Pseudo")))
                {
                    if (nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString() != "")
                    {
                        mac = nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString();
                    }
                }
            }
MessageBox.Show(mac);

score 2 · Accepted Answer

真的很讨厌挖掘这篇旧帖子，但我觉得这个问题值得另一个特定于 Windows 8-10 的答案。

使用Windows.Networking.Connectivity命名空间中的NetworkInformation，您可以获得 Windows 正在使用的网络适配器的 Id。然后可以从前面提到的GetAllNetworkInterfaces() 中获取接口MAC 地址。

这在 Windows 应用商店应用程序中不起作用，因为System.Net.NetworkInformation 中的NetworkInterface不公开 GetAllNetworkInterfaces。

string GetMacAddress()
{
    var connectionProfile = NetworkInformation.GetInternetConnectionProfile();
    if (connectionProfile == null) return "";

    var inUseId = connectionProfile.NetworkAdapter.NetworkAdapterId.ToString("B").ToUpperInvariant();
    if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(inUseId)) return "";

    var mac = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()
        .Where(n => inUseId == n.Id)
        .Select(n => n.GetPhysicalAddress().GetAddressBytes().Select(b=>b.ToString("X2")))
        .Select(macBytes => string.Join(" ", macBytes))
        .FirstOrDefault();

    return mac;
}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
{
     if (nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up)
     {
            PhysicalAddress Mac = nic.GetPhysicalAddress();
     }
}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

稍微改变了 blak3r 他的代码。如果您有两个速度相同的适配器。按 MAC 排序，因此您始终获得相同的值。

public string GetMacAddress()
{
    const int MIN_MAC_ADDR_LENGTH = 12;
    string macAddress = string.Empty;
    Dictionary<string, long> macPlusSpeed = new Dictionary<string, long>();
    try
    {
        foreach(NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
        {
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Found MAC Address: " + nic.GetPhysicalAddress() + " Type: " + nic.NetworkInterfaceType);

            string tempMac = nic.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString();

            if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(tempMac) && tempMac.Length >= MIN_MAC_ADDR_LENGTH)
                macPlusSpeed.Add(tempMac, nic.Speed);
        }

        macAddress = macPlusSpeed.OrderByDescending(row => row.Value).ThenBy(row => row.Key).FirstOrDefault().Key;
    }
    catch{}

    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Fastest MAC address: " + macAddress);

    return macAddress;
}

score 0 · Accepted Answer

ipconfig.exe是使用各种 DLL 实现的，包括iphlpapi.dll... 谷歌搜索iphlpapi揭示了 MSDN 中记录的相应 Win32 API。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

尝试这个：

    /// <summary>
    /// returns the first MAC address from where is executed 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="flagUpOnly">if sets returns only the nic on Up status</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string[] getOperationalMacAddresses(Boolean flagUpOnly)
    {
        string[] macAddresses = new string[NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces().Count()];

        int i = 0;
        foreach (NetworkInterface nic in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
        {
            if (nic.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up || !flagUpOnly)
            {
                macAddresses[i] += ByteToHex(nic.GetPhysicalAddress().GetAddressBytes());
                //break;
                i++;
            }
        }
        return macAddresses;
    }

c# - 在C#中获取机器MAC地址的可靠方法

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